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[Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cabazitaxel activity and tox]icity in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)., [Patients & methods] 56 SNPs in five genes (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, ABCB1, TUBB1 and CYP2C8) were genotyped in 67 mCRPC patients and their correlation with outcomes analyzed., [Results]TUBB1-rs151352 (hazard ratio: 0.52) and CYP2C8-rs1341164 (hazard ratio: 0.53) were associated with better overall survival, and CYP2C8-rs1058932 with biochemical progression (odds ratio: 6.60) in multivariate analysis. ABCB1-rs17327624 correlated with severe toxicity ≥grade 3 (odds ratio: 8.56) and CYP2C8-rs11572093 with asthenia (odds ratio: 8.12)., [Conclusion] Genetic variants in mCRPC patients could explain different outcomes with cabazitaxel. Nonetheless, the small sample size and the high number of SNPs analyzed mean that the results are only hypothesis-generating and require further validation.

Purpose Both venous and arterial thrombotic events (VTE/AT) can be associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, there is a paucity of information apropos patients in routine clinical practice. Methods/patients Retrospective, multicenter study promoted by the Thrombosis and Cancer Section of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM). Individuals with kidney or bladder cancer who initiated ICI between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2020 were recruited. Minimum follow-up was 6 months (except in cases of demise). The primary objective was to calculate the incidence of ICI-associated VTE/AT and secondary objectives included to analyze their impact on survival and identify variables predictive of VTE/AT. Results 210 patients with kidney cancer were enrolled. The incidence of VTE/AT during follow-up (median 13 months) was 5.7%. Median overall survival (OS) was relatively lower among subjects with VTE/AT (16 months, 95% CI 0.01–34.2 vs. 27 months, 95% CI 22.6–31.4; p = 0.43). Multivariate analysis failed to reveal predictive variables for developing VTE/ AT. 197 patients with bladder were enrolled. There was a 9.1% incidence rate of VTE/AT during follow-up (median 8 months). Median OS was somewhat higher in patients with VTE/AT (28 months, 95% CI 18.4–37.6 vs 25 months, 95% CI 20.7–29.3; p = 0.821). Serum albumin levels p Conclusions There appears to be no association between developing VTE/AT and ICI use in patients with renal or bladder cancer. Serum albumin levels are a predictive factor in individuals with bladder cancer.

Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor and the initial treatment with maximal safe resection is not curative. In order to improve the prognosis, surgery is completed with radiotherapy and temozolomide, an oral chemotherapy, but overall survival remains poor. Therefore, new efforts are needed to improve these results. In fact, different systemic treatments have been tested but, nevertheless, few advances have been reached despite the development of large clinical trials. This chapter will review the most important findings, achievements, and main studies in this pathology. Standard of care in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma will be reassessed with the results of clinical trials with targeted agents and immunotherapy. Ongoing studies are evaluating advanced treatments, with chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, biospecific T-cell antibodies, tumor vaccines, and oncolytic viruses, although results are pending, a wide review of these new-generation agents is important to better understand the advances in glioblastoma in the coming years.

463 Background: Real-world evidence on la/mUC management in Europe is limited. This study describes patient (pt) characteristics, treatment patterns, survival, and HCRU for pts with la/mUC in Spain. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted using electronic medical records from 9 university hospitals in Spain. The study population included all pts aged ≥18 y with a first diagnosis/record of la/mUC from 1/1/2015–12/31/2020 (study period). Date of first la/mUC record/diagnosis during the study period was the index date. Pts with urachus carcinoma or other nonurothelial cancers were excluded. Pt characteristics are described for the full study population. Treatment patterns, survival, and la/mUC-associated HCRU are described for the follow-up cohort: a subset of the study cohort with a first la/mUC diagnosis/record from 1/1/2015–6/30/2020 (ie, to allow for ≥6 mo follow-up). Pts were followed from index date to death, loss to follow-up, or end of study. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS; evaluated in a real-world setting) were determined using Kaplan–Meier curves. Time to progression, excluding pts who died and were censored at death, was also estimated. HCRU included inpatient admissions, outpatient visits, and emergency visits. Results: Overall, 903 pts were included. Median age at la/mUC diagnosis was 70 y; 79.6% were men. Most (71.0%) had ≥1 comorbidity, most commonly cardiovascular disease (54.2%). Primary tumor sites were the bladder (83.7%), urethra (7.0%), and upper tract (6.6%). De novo la/mUC (41.9%) was the most common initial UC diagnosis. In the follow-up cohort (n = 829), median follow-up was 12.7 mo. Most (84.7% [n = 702]) pts received first-line (1L) systemic treatment; of these, 46.9% (n = 329) received second-line (2L) and 16.6% (n = 116) received third-line (3L) therapy. Chemotherapy was the most common treatment (1L: 77.8% [n = 546]; 2L: 49.8% [n = 164]; 3L: 74.1% [n = 86]), followed by PD-1/L1 inhibitors (1L: 28.3% [n = 199]; 2L: 47.7% [n = 157]; 3L: 19.0% [n = 22]). From index la/mUC diagnosis, estimated median (95% CI) OS was 18.8 (17.5–21.5), PFS was 9.9 (8.9–10.5), and time to progression was 12.7 (11.3–14.6) mo. From the start of 1L, 2L and 3L therapy, estimated median (95% CI) OS were 16.9 (14.3–18.9), 11.6 (9.6–14.3), and 9.9 (7.9–12.6) mo. For HCRU, 71.8% (n = 595) of pts had ≥1 outpatient visit (mean: 2.2/mo), 56.6% (n = 469) had ≥1 inpatient admission (0.4/mo; median duration: 8.0 d), and 56.5% (n = 468) had ≥1 emergency visit (0.4/mo). Conclusions: This retrospective study of university hospital data describes pt characteristics and real-world treatment patterns, survival, and HCRU for pts with la/mUC in Spain. Advances in immunotherapy are shifting the treatment landscape for targeted groups of pts with la/mUC, but a need remains for innovative treatments that could improve pt outcomes.