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2. Combined Bacterial Meningitis and Infective Endocarditis: When Should We Search for the Other When Either One is Diagnosed?

Author

Béraud, Guillaume, Tubiana, Sarah, Erpelding, Marie-Line, Le Moing, Vincent, Chirouze, Catherine, Gorenne, Isabelle, Manchon, Pauline, Tattevin, Pierre, Vernet, Veronique, Varon, Emmanuelle, Hoen, Bruno, Duval, Xavier, Obadia, J., Leport, C., Poyart, C., Revest, M., Selton-Suty, C., Strady, C., Vandenesch, F., Bernard, Y., Chocron, S., Plesiat, P., Abouliatim, I., de Place, C., Donnio, P., Alla, F., Carteaux, J., Doco-Lecompte, T., Lion, C., Aissa, N., Baehrel, B., Jaussaud, R., Nazeyrollas, P., Cambau, E., Iung, B., Nataf, P., Chidiac, C., Celard, M., Delahaye, F., Aumaître, H., Frappier, J., Oziol, E., Sotto, A., Sportouch, C., Bouvet, A., Bes, M., Abassade, P., Abrial, E., Acar, C., Alexandra, J., Amireche, N., Amrein, D., Andre, P., Appriou, M., Arnould, M., Atoui, A., Aziza, F., Baille, N., Bajolle, N., Battistella, P., Baumard, S., Ben Ali, A., Bertrand, J., Bialek, S., Bois Grosse, M., Boixados, M., Borlot, F., Bouchachi, A., Bouche, O., Bouchemal, S., Bourdon, J., Brasme, L., Bruntz, J., Cailhol, J., Caplan, M.P., Carette, B., Cartry, O., Cazorla, C., Chamagne, H., Champagne, H., Chanques, G., Chevalier, B., Chometon, F., Christophe, C., Colin de Verdiere, N., Daneluzzi, V., David, L., Danchin, N., de Lentdecker, P., Delcey, V., Deleuze, P., Deroure, B., Descotes-Genon, V., Didier Petit, K., Dinh, A., Doat, V., Duchene, F., Duhoux, F., Dupont, M., Ederhy, S., Epaulard, O., Evest, M., Faucher, J., Fauveau, E., Ferry, T., Fillod, M., Floch, T., Fraisse, T., Frapier, J., Freysz, L., Fumery, B., Gachot, B., Gallien, S., Garcon, P., Gaubert, A., Genoud, J., Ghiglione, S., Godreuil, C., Gandjbakhch, I., Grentzinger, A., Groben, L., Gherissi, D., Hagege, A., Hammoudi, N., Heliot, F., Henry, P., Houriez, P., Hustache-Mathieu, L., Huttin, O., Imbert, S., Jaureguiberry, S., Kaaki, M., Konate, A., Kuhn, J., Kural Menasche, S., Lafitte, A., Lafon, B., Lanternier, F., Le Chenault, V., Lechiche, C., Lefevre Thibaut, S., Lefort, A., Lemoine, J., Lepage, L., Lepousé, C., Leroy, J., Lesprit, P., Letranchant, L., Loncar, G., Lorentz, C., Magnin-Poull, I., Makinson, A., Man, H., Mansouri, M., Marçon, O., Maroni, J., Masse, V., Maurier, F., Mechaï, F., Merceron, O., Messika-Zeitoun, D., Metref, Z., Meyssonnier, V., Mezher, C., Micheli, S., Monsigny, M., Mouly, S., Mourvillier, B., Nallet, O., Nazerollas, P., Noel, V., Payet, B., Pelletier, A., Perez, P., Petit, J., Philippart, F., Piet, E., Plainvert, C., Popovic, B., Porte, J., Pradier, P., Ramadan, R., Richemond, J., Rodermann, M., Roncato, M., Roigt, I., Ruyer, O., Saada, M., Schwartz, J., Simon, M., Simorre, B., Skalli, S., Spatz, F., Sudrial, J., Tartiere, L., Terrier de La Chaize, A., Thiercelin, M., Thomas, D., Thomas, M., Toko, L., Tournoux, F., Tristan, A., Trouillet, J., Tual, L., Verdier, F., Vernet Garnier, V., Vidal, V., Weyne, P., Wolff, M., Wynckel, A., Zannad, N., Zinzius, P., Ploy, M.-C., Caron, F., Bollaert, P.-E., Gaillot, O., Taha, M.-K., Bonacorsi, S., Lecuit, M., Gravet, A., Frachet, B., Debroucker, T., Levy-Bruhl, D., Raffi, F., Preau, M., Anguel, N., Argaud, L., Arista, S., Armand-Lefevre, L., Balavoine, S., Baraduc, R., Barnaud, G., Bernard, L., Bernars, G., Bertei, D., Bessede, E., Billard Pomares, T., Biron, C., Bland, S., Boileau, J., Boubeau, P., Bourdon, S., Bousquet, A., Boyer, S., Bozorg-Grayeli, A., Bret, L., Bretonniere, C., Bricaire, F., Brocas, E., Brun, M., Buret, J., Burucoa, C., Cabalion, J., Cabon, M., Camuset, G., Canevet, C., Carricajo, A., Castan, B., Caumes, E., Cazanave, C., Chabrol, A., Challan-Belval, T., Chanteperdrix-Marillier, V., Chaplain, C., Charlier-Woerther, C., Chaussade, H., Clair, B., Colot, J., Conil, J.-M., Cordel, H., Cormier, P., Cousson, J., Cronier, P., Cua, E., Dao-Dubremetz, A., Dargere, S., Degand, N., Dekeyser, S., Delaune, D., Denes, E., Dequin, P.-F., Descamps, D., Descloux, E., Desmaretz, J.-L., Diehl, J.-L., Dimet, J., Escaut, L., Fabe, C., Faibis, F., Flateau, C., Fonsale, N., Forestier, E., Fortineau, N., Gagneux-Brunon, A., Garandeau, C., Garcia, M., Garot, D., Gaudry, S., Goehringer, F., Gregoire-Faucher, V., Grosset, M., Gubavu, C., Gueit, I., Guelon, D., Guimard, T., Guinard, J., Hadou, T., Helene, J.-P., Henard, S., Henry, B., Hochart, A.-C., Illes, G., Jaffuel, S., Jarrin, I., Jaureguy, F., Joseph, C., Juvin, M.-E., Kayal, S., Kerneis, S., Lacassin, F., Lamaury, I., Lanotte, P., Laurens, E., Laurichesse, H., Le Brun, C., Le Turnier, P., Lecuyer, H., Ledru, S., Legrix, C., Lemaignen, A., Lemble, C., Lemee, L., Lesens, O., Levast, M., Lhommet, C., Males, S., Malpote, E., Martin-Blondel, G., Marx, M., Masson, R., Matray, O., Mbadi, A., Mellon, G., Merens, A., Meyohas, M.-C., Michon, A., Mootien Yoganaden, J., Morquin, D., Mrozek, N., Nguyen, S., Nguyen, Y., Ogielska, M., Page, B., Patrat-Delon, S., Patry, I., Pechinot, A., Picot, S., Pierrejean, D., Piroth, L., Plassart, C., Plessis, P., Portel, L., Poubeau, P., Poupard, M., Prazuck, T., Quaesaet, L., Ramanantsoa, A., Rapp, C., Raskine, L., Raymond, J., Riche, A., Robaday-Voisin, S., Robin, F., Romaszko, J.-P., Rousseau, F., Roux, A.-L., Royer, C., Salmon, D., Saroufim, C., Schmit, J.-L., Sebire, M., Segonds, C., Sivadon-Tardy, V., Soismier, N., Son, O., Sunder, S., Suy, F., Tande, D., Tankovic, J., Valin, N., van Grunderbeeck, N., Verdon, R., Vergnaud, M., Vernet-Garnier, V., Vidal, M., Vitrat, V., Vittecoq, D., Vuotto, F., Laouenan, C., Marcault, E., Mentre, F., Pasquet, B., Roy, C., Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Centre d'investigation Clinique [CHU Bichat] - Épidémiologie clinique (CIC 1425), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre d'investigation clinique - Epidémiologie clinique [Nancy] (CIC-EC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The AEPEI IE cohort was funded by a research grant from the French Ministry of Health (PHRC 2007), grants from the Société Française de Cardiologie, the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, and Novartis France. The sponsor was Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et au Développement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon. The COMBAT cohort was funded by Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm, The French Society of Infectious Diseases (SPILF), and Pfizer Laboratory. It was also supported by the Observatoire de la Resistance du Pneumocoque (ORP) and Santé Publique France. The sponsor of the study and the funding sources had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit it for publication. The Rapid Service Fee was funded by the University Hospital of Poitiers, to which the corresponding author is affiliated.

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Echocardiography, Austrian syndrome, Staphylococcus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacterial meningitis, Streptococcus, Infective endocarditis
Abstract

International audience; Introduction: We aimed to describe patients with coexisting infective endocarditis (IE) and bacterial meningitis (BM).Methods: We merged two large prospective cohorts, an IE cohort and a BM cohort, with only cases of definite IE and community-acquired meningitis. We compared patients who had IE and BM concurrently to patients with IE only and BM only.Results: Among the 1030 included patients, we identified 42 patients with IE-BM (4.1%). Baseline characteristics of patients with IE-BM were mostly similar to those of patients with IE, but meningitis was the predominant presentation at admission (39/42, 92.3%). Causative pathogens were predominantly Streptococcus pneumoniae (18/42, 42.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (14/42, 33.3%). All pneumococcal IE were associated with BM (18/18). BM due to oral and group D streptococci, Streptococcus agalactiae, and S. aureus were frequently associated with IE (14/30, 46.7%). Three-month mortality was 28.6% in patients with IE-BM, 20.5% in patients with IE, and 16.6% in patients with BM.Conclusions: Patients with pneumococcal IE or altered mental status during IE must be investigated for BM. Patients with S. aureus, oral and group D streptococcal or enterococcal BM, or unfavorable outcome in pneumococcal meningitis would benefit from an echocardiography. Patients with the dual infection have the worst prognosis. Their identification is mandatory to initiate appropriate treatment.

Published
2022

5. Long-term neuro-functional disability in adult patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis.

Author

Akroum, Souade, Tubiana, Sarah, de Broucker, Thomas, Dournon, Nathalie, Varon, Emmanuelle, Ploy, Marie Cécile, Mourvillier, Bruno, Oziol, Eric, Lacassin, Flore, Laurichesse, Henri, Hoen, Bruno, Duval, Xavier, Burdet, Charles, and the COMBAT study group, Duval, X, Hoen, B, Mourvillier, B, Varon, E, Tubiana, S, and Ploy, M. C.

Subjects
RESEARCH, CONFIDENCE intervals, FUNCTIONAL status, MULTIVARIATE analysis, MULTIPLE regression analysis, DISABILITY evaluation, BACTERIAL meningitis, RISK assessment, COMMUNITY-acquired infections, DISEASE prevalence, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PEOPLE with disabilities, ODDS ratio, LONGITUDINAL method, DISEASE complications, ADULTS
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of neuro-functional disability and its determinants 12 months after community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM) in adult patients. Methods: In a prospective multicenter cohort study (COMBAT), all consecutive cases of CABM were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. Neuro-functional disability at 12 months was evaluated using a combination of the Glasgow Outcome Scale (functional disability), and the modified Rankin Disability Scale (physical disability). Factors associated with neuro-functional disability were identified by multivariate logistic regression. Results: Among 281 patients, 84 (29.9%) patients exhibited neuro-functional disability at 12 months: 79 (28.1%) with functional disability and 51 (18.1%) with physical disability. Overall, 6 patients (2.1%) died during the follow-up. The most common pathogen identified was Streptococcus pneumoniae (131/272, 48.2%); 77/268 patients (28.7%) had a physical disability at hospital discharge. Factors independently associated with 12-month neuro-functional disability were a pneumococcal meningitis (adjusted OR = 2.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) = [1.3; 6.7]), the presence of a physical disability at hospital discharge (aOR = 2.3; 95%CI = [1.2; 4.4]) and the presence of behavioral disorders at hospital-discharge (aOR = 5.9; 95%CI = [1.6; 28.4]). Dexamethasone use was not significantly associated with neuro-functional disability (OR = 0.2; 95%CI = [< 0.1;1.3]). Conclusion: Neuro-functional disability is frequently reported 12 months after CABM. Detailed neurological examination at discharge is needed to improve the follow-up. Trial registration: NCT01730690. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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6. Defining the scope of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet): a bottom-up and One Health approach

Author

Mader, R., Demay, C., Jouvin-Marche, E., Ploy, M. -C., Barraud, O., Bernard, S., Lacotte, Y., Pulcini, C., Weinbach, J., Berling, C., Bouqueau, M., Hlava, A., Habl, C., Kernstock, E., Strauss, R., Muchl, R., Buhmann, V., Versporten, A., Ingenbleek, A., Vandael, E., Haelterman, G., De Raedt, L., Hunjak, B., Raickovic, B., Mackova, B., Niklova, E., Zemlickova, H., Hrivnakova, L., Jindrak, V., Kristensen, B., Lyndrup, M., Skovgaard, S., Wolf Sonksen, U., Aasmae, B., Ruut, J., Linnik, L., Sadikova, O., Martin, P., Zanuzdana, A., Kizilkaya-Guneser, G., Oezcelik, N., Eckmanns, T., Lambrou, A., Kontopidou, F., Papadaki, M., Tsana, M., Maroulis, N., Vatopoulos, A., Papadogiannakis, E., Kontarini, M., Gikas, A., Magkanaraki, A., Cozza, A., Martinelli, D., Fortunato, F., Prato, R., Marella, A. M., Pantosti, A., Prestinaci, F., Busani, L., Pezzoti, P., Creti, R., Martoccia, R. M., Brusaferro, S., Vilde, A., Jakovela, A., Langusa, E., Grudule, L., Grinsteine, M., Dumpis, U., Dambrauskiene, A., Vitkauskiene, A., Tirvaite, D., Cemnalianskis, L., Kazenaite, E., Lozoraitiene, I., Adomaitiene, R., Ambrazaitiene, R., Kiveryte, S., Maciulaityte, A., Kuklyte, J., Petrene, J., Valinteliene, R., Kanapeckiene, V., Razmiene, A., Kairiene, B., Aleksiene, G., Valinciute, G., Petraitis, R., Elsemulder, A., Nakched, A., Claessen, J., Gui, L., Kort, M. D., Peran, R., Van Leeuwen, A., Smeets, E., Mennen, M., Spruijt, P., Westerhof, R., Skulberg, A., Bakka, E. Ro., Miard, K., Henricsen, S. Ho., Pellerud, A., Kallberg, C., Ardal, C., Eriksen, H. -M., Kranstad, K., Molvik, M., Kacelnik, O., Sollund, P., Samuelsen, R., Bakke, T., Urdahl, A. M., Norstrom, M., Olczak-Pienkowska, A., Skoczynska, A., Zabicka, D., Bysiek, J., Rekawek, J., Lebre, A., Falcao, E., Scripcaru, G., Neves, I., Gomes, S., Pereira, N., Malutan, A. M., Iuhas, C., Szakacs, L., Kissiedou-Bob, M., Ciortea, R., Grilc, E., Klavs, I., Turk, K., Subelj, M., Vrdelja, M., Serdt, M., Jemec, N., Glavan, U., Simonovic, Z., Tamayo, A. N., Lopez Navas, A., Munoz Madero, C., Alonso Lebrero, J. L., Alonso Irujo, L., Santacreu Garcia, M., Crespo Robledo, P., Oliva, G., Massanes, M., Oliver Palomo, A., Garcia Pineda, A., Ferragut, E., Rojo, E., Castano, E., Perianez, L., Torres Cantero, A. M., Jimenez Guillen, C., Hukelova, H., Alcaraz, M., Carlos, M. A., Lopez Acuna, M. D. P., Gil Setas, A., Ibarrola Segura, A., Ezpeleta, C., Gahigiro Merino, C., Portillo Bordonabe, M. E., Fragoso, M., Beristain Rementeria, X., Penalva, G., Cisneros, J. M., Estevez, M., Monteau, S., Del Rio, L., Gonzalez De Suso, M. J., Gallego Berciano, P., Aranguren Oyarzabal, A., Alioto, D., Izquierdo Palomares, J. M., Calvo Alcantara, M. J., Gonzalez Perez, R., Havarria, T., Hulth, A., Carlin, K., Edman, L., Grape, M., Aspevall, O., Haggar, A., Lindal, E., Burgos, A., Ottoson, J., Ostman, M., Egervarn, M., Nordenfelt, A., Bengtsson, B., Soderman, I., Bjers, A., Jonsson, J. -I., Starborg, M., Laine, M., Fagerstedt, P., Metcalfe, A., Soder, J., Lytsy, B., Madec, J. Y., Collineau, L., Berger-Carbonne, A., Colomb-Cotinat, M., Bourely, C., Amat, J. -P., Broens, E. M., Callens, B., Crespo-Robledo, P., Damborg, P., Filippitzi, M. -E., Fitzgerald, W., Gronthal, T., Haenni, M., Heuvelink, A., Van Hout, J., Kaspar, H., Pedersen, K., Pokludova, L., Dal Pozzo, F., Slowey, R., Zafeiridis, C., Madec, J. -Y., and Departments of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Veterinary medicine, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, 040301 veterinary sciences, Swine, Drug Resistance, 413 Veterinary science, 0403 veterinary science, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Cats, Cattle, Chickens, Dogs, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Female, One Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Antimicrobial stewardship, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 2. Zero hunger, Streptococcus uberis, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Bacterial, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Food safety, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, business, Streptococcus dysgalactiae
Abstract

BackgroundBuilding the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) was proposed to strengthen the European One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance approach.ObjectivesThe objectives were to (i) define the combinations of animal species, production types, age categories, bacterial species, specimens and antimicrobials to be monitored in EARS-Vet and to (ii) determine antimicrobial test panels able to cover most combinations.MethodsThe EARS-Vet scope was defined by consensus between 26 European experts. Decisions were guided by a survey of the combinations that are relevant and feasible to monitor in diseased animals in 13 European countries (bottom-up approach). Experts also considered the One Health approach and the need for EARS-Vet to complement existing European AMR monitoring systems coordinated by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).ResultsEARS-Vet would monitor AMR in six animal species (cattle, swine, chicken (broiler and laying hen), turkey, cat and dog), for 11 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus suis). Relevant antimicrobials for their treatment were selected (e.g. tetracyclines) and complemented with antimicrobials of more specific public health interest (e.g. carbapenems). Three test panels of antimicrobials were proposed covering most EARS-Vet combinations of relevance for veterinary antimicrobial stewardship.ConclusionsWith this scope, EARS-Vet would enable to better address animal health in the strategy to mitigate AMR and better understand the multi-sectoral AMR epidemiology in Europe.

Published
2022

7. Benefits of a fourteen-year surgical site infections active surveillance program in a French teaching hospital.

Author

Bataille, C., Venier, A.-G., Caire, F., Salle, H., Le Guyader, A., Pesteil, F., Chauvet, R., Marcheix, P.-S., Valleix, D., Fourcade, L., Aubry, K., Brie, J., Robert, P.-Y., Pefau, M., Ploy, M.-C., D'Hollander-Pestourie, N., Couve-Deacon, E., Guyader, A L E, and Pestourie, N

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are the second commonest healthcare-associated infections. Active SSI surveillance can help inform preventative measures and assess the impact of these measures.Aim: We aimed to describe the evolution in trends over fourteen years of prospective active SSI surveillance and implementations of SSI prevention measures in a French Teaching Hospital.Methods: We monitored and included in the study all surgical procedures performed from 2003 to 2016 in eight surgical units. The semi-automated surveillance method consisted in weekly collection of SSI declaration forms (pre-filled with patient and procedure administrative data and microbiology laboratory data), filled-in by surgeons and then monitored by the infection control practitioners.Findings: 181,746 procedures were included in our analysis and 3,270 SSIs recorded (global SSI rate 1.8%). The SSI rate decreased significantly from 3.0% in 2003 to 1.1% in 2016. This decrease was mainly in superficial SSIs and high infectious risk procedures. Higher SSI rates were observed for procedures associated with the usual risk factors. During this fourteen-year period, several evolutions in surgical practices occurred that might have contributed to this decrease.Conclusion: With an overall decrease in SSI rate throughout the surveillance, our results revealed the benefits of an active and comprehensive hospital SSI surveillance programme for understanding the SSI rate trends, analysing local risk factors and assess effectiveness of prevention strategies. These findings highlighted also the importance of the collaboration between surgeons and infection control practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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8. Tracking des transferts des bactéries porteuses de résistances entre animal, homme et environnement

Author

Meyer, Sylvain, Laval, Lucie, Pimenta, Mélanie, González-Flores, Yolanda, Gaschet, Margaux, Couvé-Deacon, Elodie, Barraud, Olivier, Dagot, Christophe, and Ploy, Marie-Cécile

Subjects
Bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques, Antibiorésistance, Transfert de gènes, Adaptation génétique, Exposome, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The fight against antibiotic resistance must incorporate the “One Health” concept to be effective. This means having a holistic approach embracing the different ecosystems, human, animal, and environment. Transfers of resistance genes may exist between these three domains and different stresses related to the exposome may influence these transfers. Various targeted or pan-genomic molecular biology techniques can be used to better characterise the dissemination of bacterial clones and to identify exchanges of genes and mobile genetic elements between ecosystems.

Published
2023
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9. Longitudinal two-year comparative genomic analysis of respiratory Staphylococcus aureus isolates from intensive care unit mechanically ventilated patients.

Author

Meyer S, Hernandez-Padilla AC, Fedou AL, Daix T, Chainier D, Ploy MC, Vignon P, François B, and Barraud O

Abstract

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the main healthcare-associated infection in intensive care units with Staphylococcus aureus as the first pathogen in early VAP., Aim: To compare, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), consecutive S. aureus isolates from lower respiratory samples of mechanically ventilated patients for identification of potential cross-transmissions; and to determine a potential link between S. aureus WGS data and patients with S. aureus early VAP., Methods: All mechanically ventilated patients with a documentation of respiratory S. aureus isolates were included over a two-year period. WGS allowed typing, comparative genomic and phylogenic analyses, as well as analyses of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes. Virulence genes were compared between patients who developed respiratory infectious event and those who did not., Findings: A total of 172 S. aureus isolates from 167 patients were sequenced. WGS revealed that the S. aureus population was polyclonal with only two potential healthcare cross-transmissions, each involving two isolates (2.3%). A very low resistance rate was observed with a strong genotypic/phenotypic association, and with a virulence profile highly dependent on the sequence type. No significant correlation was observed between VAP and virulence profile., Conclusion: This study on consecutive respiratory S. aureus isolates of mechanically ventilated patients revealed a very low level of cross-transmission. No association was observed between S. aureus WGS data and VAP occurrence., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement None declared., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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10. Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to ceftolozane-tazobactam due to ampC and/or ampD mutations observed during treatment using semi-mechanistic PKPD modeling.

Author

Deroche L, Aranzana-Climent V, Rozenholc A, Prouvensier L, Darnaud L, Grégoire N, Marchand S, Ploy M-C, François B, Couet W, Barraud O, and Buyck JM

Subjects
Humans, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins genetics, beta-Lactamases pharmacology, Cephalosporins pharmacology, Imipenem pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Pseudomonas Infections drug therapy, Tazobactam pharmacology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa drug effects, Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetics, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics
Abstract

A double ampC (AmpC G183D ) and ampD (AmpD H157Y ) genes mutations have been identified by whole genome sequencing in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaS) that became resistant (PaR) in a patient treated by ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T). To precisely characterize the respective contributions of these mutations on the decreased susceptibility to C/T and on the parallel increased susceptibility to imipenem (IMI), mutants were generated by homologous recombination in PAO1 reference strain (PAO1- AmpC G183D , PAO1-AmpD H157Y , PAO1-AmpC G183D /AmpD H157Y ) and in PaR (PaR-AmpC PaS /AmpD PaS ). Sequential time-kill curve experiments were conducted on all strains and analyzed by semi-mechanistic PKPD modeling. A PKPD model with adaptation successfully described the data, allowing discrimination between initial and time-related (adaptive resistance) effects of mutations. With PAO1 and mutant-derived strains, initial EC 50 values increased by 1.4, 4.1, and 29-fold after AmpC G183D , AmpD H157Y and AmpC G183D /AmpD H157Y mutations, respectively. EC 50 values were increased by 320, 12.4, and 55-fold at the end of the 2 nd experiment. EC 50 of PAO1-AmpC G183D /AmpD H157Y was higher than that of single mutants at any time of the experiments. Within the PaR clinical background, reversal of AmpC G183D , and AmpD H157Y mutations led to an important decrease of EC 50 value, from 80.5 mg/L to 6.77 mg/L for PaR and PaR-AmpC PaS /AmpD PaS , respectively. The effect of mutations on IMI susceptibility mainly showed that the AmpC G183D mutation prevented the emergence of adaptive resistance. The model successfully described the separate and combined effect of AmpC G183D and AmpD H157Y mutations against C/T and IMI, allowing discrimination and quantification of the initial and time-related effects of mutations. This method could be reproduced in clinical strains to decipher complex resistance mechanisms., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2023
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