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Insulin resistance (IR) develops in obese children because of low vitamin levels and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. This study aimed to analyze the relation between vitamin D, insulin resistance, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels at admission and after weight loss. This study included 84 obese and 28 healthy pubertal children. Patient group was divided into four: IR positive and negative; weight loss (WL) positive and negative. Baseline and follow-up (6th month) values of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and other parameters were evaluated. The prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 3.6% and 21.4% in the control group, 15.2% and 10.9% and 7.9% and 15.8% in the obese insulin positive and negative group; respectively. There was no relationship between vitamin D and IRand IL-6 levels, whereas cytokine levels were lower in obese children. As WL increased, vitamin D level and IR improved. No significant difference was found between vitamin D levels of obese and control subjects. In obese children with weight loss, an insignificant increase was observed in vitamin D, cytokines, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index values and an insignificant decrease was noted in homeostatic model assessment for IR value. Further longitudinal studies with larger patient series with greater WL are warranted.

PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) or PCOS (Polycystic ovarian syndrome) has lately been discovered to be a factor in the occurrence of diabetes. Hyperandrogenism, menstrual and ovulatory irregularities, and polycystic ovarian morphology are all symptoms of this prevalent female condition. Cardiovascular comorbidity and metabolic diseases are more common in women with the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), involving dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, glucose intolerance, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes, increased inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetes mellitus, on either hand, is a persistent biological condition defined by elevated blood glucose levels and is responsible for over 3.2 million fatalities each year, with type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes accounting for the majority of instances. Hyperinsulinemia, in particular, is thought to be not only a side effect of PCOS but may also perform a role in its development, implying that their relationship is dynamic and reciprocal. ß-glucan is important for modulating the metabolic process, which improves insulin sensitivity and lowers the concerns connected with it. As a result, the goal of this study is to shed light on the interplay or link between PCOD and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, as well as to visualize the influence of naturally synthesized beta-glucan extract on them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]