Search

In ABJM theory, enriched RG flows between circular 1 = 6 BPS bosonic and 1 = 2 BPS fermionic Wilson loops have been introduced in L. Castiglioni et al. [L. Castiglioni, S. Penati, M. Tenser, and D. Trancanelli, Interpolating Wilson loops and enriched RG flows, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2023) 106.]. These flows are triggered by deformations corresponding to parametric 1 = 6 BPS fermionic loops. In this paper, we revisit the study of these operators, but instead of circular contours, we consider an interpolating cusped line and a latitude and study their RG flow in perturbation theory. This allows for the definition of a bremsstrahlung function away from fixed points. We generalize to this case the known cusp/latitude correspondence that relates the bremsstrahlung function to a latitude Wilson loop. We find that away from the conformal fixed points the ordinary identity is broken by the conformal anomaly in a controlled way. From a defect perspective, the breaking of the correspondence can be traced back to the appearance of an anomalous dimension for fermionic operators localized on the defect. As a by-product, we provide a brand new result for the two -loop cusp anomalous dimension of the 1 = 6 BPS fermionic and the 1 = 6 BPS bosonic Wilson lines.

We study the geometries obtained by performing super non-Abelian T-duality of the Principal Chiral Model on OSp(1|2). While the initial model represents an appropriate 3D supergravity background, interpretable as the superspace version of AdS3, the T-dual model fails solving the 3D supergravity torsion constraints. We argue that this has to do with a factorisation pattern taking place under dualisation: the dual 3D geometry can be rewritten as the supersymmetric version of AdS2, satisfying the supergravity constraints, fibered over what we interpret as the superspace equivalent of the standard bosonic line. We discuss an interesting connection between T-duals of generic Principal Chiral Models and Poisson sigma models. We exploit it to show that in a suitable limit the dual action studied in this work gives rise to JT (super)gravity.

We investigate the one-dimensional defect SCFT defined on the 1/2 BPS Wilson line/loop in ABJ(M) theory. We show that the supermatrix structure of the defect imposes a covariant supermatrix representation of the supercharges. Exploiting this covariant formulation, we prove the existence of a long multiplet whose highest weight state is a constant supermatrix operator. At weak coupling, we study this operator in perturbation theory and confirm that it acquires a non-trivial anomalous dimension. At strong coupling, we conjecture that this operator is dual to the lowest bound state of fluctuations of the fundamental open string in AdS4 × CP3 around the classical 1/2 BPS solution. Quite unexpectedly, this operator also arises in the cohomological equivalence between bosonic and fermionic Wilson loops. We also discuss some regularization subtleties arising in perturbative calculations on the infinite Wilson line.

The SVELAMI-B project offered in-depth activities in STEM fields to primary school children, inspired by the discoveries of famous women scientists. Starting from a shared multidisciplinary design (from physics to mathematics, computer science, geology and education science) the aim was to enhance the learning potential of scientific subjects, while addressing the problem of gender gap in Science. Due to the pandemic situation, all the activities were carried out entirely in distance learning. In this paper, some results and outcomes will be analyzed, as well as possible developments for the design of new school interventions based on a community of practice.

In 2+1 dimensions, we propose a renormalizable non-linear sigma model action which describes the N = 2 supersymmetric generalization of Galilean Electrodynamics. We first start with the simplest model obtained by null reduction of the relativistic Abelian N = 1 supersymmetric QED in 3+1 dimensions and study its renormalization properties directly in non-relativistic superspace. Despite the existence of a non-renormalization theorem induced by the causal structure of the non-relativistic dynamics, we find that the theory is non-renormalizable. Infinite dimensionless, supersymmetric and gauge-invariant terms, which combine into an analytic function, are generated at quantum level. Renormalizability is then restored by generalizing the theory to a non-linear sigma model where the usual minimal coupling between gauge and matter is complemented by infinitely many marginal couplings driven by a dimensionless gauge scalar and its fermionic superpartner. Superconformal invariance is preserved in correspondence of a non-trivial conformal manifold of fixed points where the theory is gauge-invariant and interacting.

We provide a proof for the conjectured equality of the generating function of integrated Higgs and Coulomb branch topological operators in 3d N ≥ 4 gauge theories and the three sphere partition function deformed by mass or FI parameters. The equality is the result of cohomological equivalence and applies to all theories in this class, including ABJM and other generalized Gaiotto-Witten models, and those without an explicit supersymmetric Lagrangian.

We analyse super non-Abelian T-duality for principal chiral models, symmetric space sigma models, and semi-symmetric space sigma models for general Lie supergroups. This includes T-duality along both bosonic and fermionic directions. As an example, we perform the explicit dualisation of the OSp(1|2) principal chiral model, and, whilst the target superspace of this model is a three-dimensional supergravity background, we find that its super non-Abelian T-dual falls outside the class of such backgrounds.

We examined effects of exposing female and male mice for 33 weeks to 45% or 60% high fat diet (HFD). Males fed with either diet were more vulnerable than females, displaying higher and faster increase in body weight and more elevated cholesterol and liver enzymes levels. Higher glucose metabolism was revealed by PET in the olfactory bulbs of both sexes. However, males also displayed altered anterior cortex and cerebellum metabolism, accompanied by a more prominent brain inflammation relative to females. Although both sexes displayed reduced transcripts of neuronal and synaptic genes in anterior cortex, only males had decreased protein levels of AMPA and NMDA receptors. Oppositely, to anterior cortex, cerebellum of HFD-exposed mice displayed hypometabolism and transcriptional up-regulation of neuronal and synaptic genes. These results indicate that male brain is more susceptible to metabolic changes induced by HFD and that the anterior cortex versus cerebellum display inverse susceptibility to HFD.