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Introduction: Thick histological samples are difficult to image without proper tissue clearing methods. Among these methods ethyl cinnamate (ECi)-based clearing preserves antigenicity and is compatible with immunofluorescent labeling. In contrast to many other clearing protocols, ECi-based clearing is fast and is done as a final step after standard immunofluorescent labeling protocols. Aim: We aimed to develop a simple method of ECi-based tissue clearing approach of thick (100 µm) sections attached to a slide glass. Materials and methods: Samples of human colorectal cancer underwent fixation and frozen section. We used indirect immunofluorescence to label Von-Willebrand factor, which is expressed in blood vessels. After completion of labeling and nuclear DAPI staining, the material was dehydrated using alcohols. Finally, the material was cleared and mounted with ECi and subsequently visualized via standard widefield epifluorescence microscopy. Image analysis of z-stacks were evaluated for the depth of visible signals and compared them to non-cleared samples. Results: Compared to the non-cleared sections, the ECi-cleared sections provided a 2.5-fold increase in the observable tissue thickness following immunofluorescent staining. Further, the proposed approach is time efficient (4 days from tissue preparation to final imaging) as compared to other tissue clearing methods and low cost as it minimizes the use of large amounts of reagents. Conclusion: ECi-based clearing is a very effective simple extension of standard immunofluorescent protocols and can be implemented in future experiments.

The incidence of gastric cancer associated with esophageal cancer is notably high. In recent years, there has been an increase in patients with gastric conduit cancers due to early detection and radical treatment of esophageal cancer, leading to prolonged survival of the patients. Metachronous gastric cancer following esophagectomy sometimes can pose a clinical challenge for surgeons, while gastric tube reconstruction is a well-established procedure accompanying esophagectomy, treating gastric cancer within the gastric tube can be difficult in contrast. Surgical treatment of gastric tube cancers is often complex and life-threatening. Early detection of gastric tube cancer is crucial for improving prognosis as it allows for less invasive surgical interventions. However, no specific guidelines for detecting gastric tube cancer have been established. In this report, we present a case of gastric tube cancer in a patient that had Ivor-Lewis surgery 20 years ago for preinvasive adenocarcinoma of the thoracic esophagus against the background of Barrett’s esophagus. Recommendations for earlier and more accurate diagnosis and treatment of this pathology are discussed.

The present paper aims to analyse the historical and political contexts in which the Bulgarian translations of Qurʾān were created and disseminated. The history of Bulgarian translations of Qurʾān may be divided into three periods: 1900–1944, 1944–1989 and the 1990s onward. The first period is dominated by two Protestant translations from English motivated by a missionary incentive. In the second period, translations of Qurʾān were controlled by the Communist state and thus suppressed or intended to justify persecutions against Bulgarian Muslims. The third period saw the publication of multiple Bulgarian translations of the Qurʾān as well as the first rendition from Arabic. All stages are carefully and critically examined to demonstrate the relevant socio-political influence on the Qurʾān’s presence in Bulgaria. The logical progression of approaches taken by subsequent translations is also shown. The paper concludes with a systematic summary of the status of the Qurʾān in Bulgaria, thereby suggesting possible directions for future researchers and translators.

В статье дано обобщение прогрессивного опыта строительства объемно-блочных зданий, начиная с первых серий, и дальнейшее его развитие по строительству предприятий по изготовлению объемных блоков. Раскрыт поворот развития идеи объемно-блочных зданий в сторону новой технической основы, предусматривающий максимальный перенос объемов строительно-монтажных работ со строительной площадки в сферу промышленных предприятий. Одновременно показывается параллельное развитие модульного строительства. Многолетние развитие, а также накопленный отечественный и зарубежный опыт привели к новому направлению в жилищном строительстве. Возведение жилых зданий из крупногабаритных объемных блоков является важнейшим перспективным направлением. Масштабный эксперимент в этой области проводит группа компаний «МонАрх» (г. Москва), которая к настоящему времени изготавливает такие блоки и осуществляет строительство жилых зданий пятого индустриального поколения. В этом эксперименте отрабатываются вопросы проектирования блоков, расхода материалов на их изготовление, выбора монтажных и транспортных средств, организации и технологии монтажа блоков и их установки в проектное положение. В данной статье изложен подход к определению организационно-технологических параметров жилых зданий из крупногабаритных блоков. Раскрыты основные его этапы, их содержание и полученные результаты. Одновременно указывается на трудности, связанные с отсутствием соответствующей нормативной базы, необходимых монтажных и транспортных средств, а также технологической оснастки. В статье аргументирована необходимость расширения научных исследований и проектно-экспериментальных разработок, направленных на обоснование и создание эффективных организационно-технологических и управленческих решений в этом актуальном направлении развития жилищного фонда страны. Благодарности. Представленная статья подготовлена на основе доклада авторов в рамках Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием «Жилье и городская среда» 20–21 октября 2022 г., Москва, НИУ МГСУ.

Over the past several decades, the international community has been actively engaged in developing a safe method for isolating spent nuclear fuel, high and intermediate level radioactive wase of different degrees of heat generation in deep geological formations on the basis of regulatory requirements existing in each individual country (for example, in the Russian Federation-NP-055-14). Such a storage facility should be equipped with an engineered safety barrier system that combines a range of materials capable of ensuring the safe localization of environmentally and health-threatening nuclear power generation industry and the nuclear industry waste products, in particular. On the basis of the international experience discussed in this article on the design and operation of such facilities, the most universal material in terms of the functions performed as a component of the engineered barrier system is cement and the cement-based product mixed with various components—concrete. Furthermore, due to the possible mutual influence of buffer materials and their transformation over time at interfaces, this work considers the impact of cement-based barriers on other components of engineered barrier systems, the information on which has been accumulated as a result of both analytical laboratory tests and in situ radioactive waste disposal facilities under construction.