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Reactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission by native vectors with different domiciliation capabilities is a major concern for Chagas disease control programs. T. cruzi transmission via intra-domestic Rhodnius prolixus was certified as interrupted by the Pan American Health Organization in Miraflores municipality (Boyacá, Colombia) in 2019. However, Triatoma venosa, a native vector infected with T. cruzi has been increasingly found inside human dwellings across rural areas. In this study, the aim was to describe the eco-epidemiological aspects of T. cruzi transmission in the rural area of Miraflores. For this, we designed a comprehensive, multi-faceted study in 6 rural villages and performed: (i) A cross-sectional serological and molecular study enrolling 155 people and 58 domestic dogs living within 80 households, (ii) a domestic entomological survey, (iii) a determination of the natural infection and blood meal source in collected triatomine bugs, and (iv) an evaluation of synanthropic mammal infection by parasitological and molecular tools. The T. cruzi seroprevalence rates in humans and dogs were 9.03% (14/155) and 22.4% (13/58), respectively. Most infected humans were adults between the ages of 55 and 85 years old. No evidence of T. cruzi DNA was found using qPCR in human blood samples, but we found high parasitemia levels in the infected dogs. In total, 38 triatomine bugs were collected inside dwellings and peridomestic areas: 68.4% (26/38) Triatoma venosa, 29% (11/38) Panstrongylus geniculatus, and 2.6% (1/38) P. rufotuberculatus. Natural infection prevalence was 88% (22/25) for T. venosa, 100% (12/12) for P. geniculatus, and 100% (1/1) P. rufotuberculatus: only TcI was found. No evidence of R. prolixus was found in the area. Two feeding sources were identified in T. venosa (humans and cats), while P. geniculatus fed on cows and bats. Lastly, seven D. marsupialis were captured in peridomestic areas, three were infected with T. cruzi (TcI). The results suggest the existence of T. cruzi transmission cycle between triatomines, dogs, and opossums representing a risk of infection for the human population in rural areas of Miraflores. Despite PAHO declaring Miraflores municipality, Colombia an area of T. cruzi transmission interruption in 2019, this study documents evidence of a secondary vector establishing in domestic settings. T. venosa entomological surveillance is warranted to evaluate prospective human transmission risk in an otherwise 'no-risk' perceived Chagas disease region.

In this work, we advocate agroforestry as a sustainable agricultural method that leverages biodiversity and ecosystem services, simultaneously tackling the problems of adaptation and mitigation to climate change, and of land restoration for sustainable agriculture across scales. While the rise of industrial agriculture has been instrumental in addressing the food demands of an expanding global population, enhancing food quality, yield, productivity, and efficiency, we must now reckon with the consequences. This advancement, which prioritizes simplification, specialization, and external inputs, has escalated detrimental externalities including deforestation, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, pollution, and an increase in greenhouse gases, contributing significantly to global warming and to exacerbated environmental crises. These demand urgent attention. In response, various agricultural methodologies such as organic, biodynamic, ecological, and biological farming have emerged, attempting to propose alternatives. However, these methods have yet to significantly alter the trajectory of mainstream agriculture. For over two decades, we have devoted our efforts to developing and refining a multispecies integrated agroforestry system for the sustainable cultivation of Ilex paraguariensis, “yerba mate,” in the subtropical north-east of Argentina. With “integrated” we mean that the trees are planted within the I. paraguariensis distribution, not between alleys as in “alley cropping” or “hedgrow intercropping.” The experimental work we present here was designed and implemented to enable data comparisons across consociations of multiple species of trees, at a relevant experimental scale. We achieve soil preservation and restoration, productivity comparable to or exceeding monocultures, and a significant increase in resiliency, particularly evidenced during the extreme climate events of spring and summer 2021 and 2022. These results underscore agroforestry’s potential for climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Xicotli data is the short name given to the dataset generated within the project framework "Integration of Biodiversity Data for the Management and Conservation of Wild Bee-Plant Interactions in Mexico (2021-2023)", as xicotli is the generic word for a bee in Nahuatl. The team comprised eco-informaticians, ecologists and taxonomists of both native bees and flora. The generated dataset contains so far 4,532 curated records of the plants, which are potential hosts of species of three focal families of bees native to Mexico: Apidae, Halictidae and Megachilidae and morphological and ecological data of the plant-bee interactions. This dataset was integrated and mobilised from citizen observations available at naturalista.mx (iNat), which were compiled through the iNaturalist project.The new information obtained with the Xicotli data project was:Taxonomic information about bee species curated by taxonomists based on the information contained in iNaturalist;Taxonomic identification of the host plants by a botanist from the photos compiled by the Xicotli Data project;Data on the ecomorphological traits of bees and plants based on expert knowledge and literature.All the data were integrated into the Xicotli Data Project via the creation of new “observation fields". The visibility of the information originally contained in iNaturalist was maximized and can be consulted directly on the iNaturalist platform.

We report a confirmed case of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis infection in a woman in Spain who had a previous hematologic malignancy. Candidatus N. mikurensis infections should be especially suspected in immunocompromised patients who exhibit persistent fever and venous thrombosis, particularly if they live in environments where ticks are prevalent.

Objetivo. Identificar las acciones y experiencias de salud sexual y reproductiva (SSR) de mujeres migrantes latinoamericanas en la atención primaria de salud. Método. Se realiza revisión narrativa con búsqueda en las bases de datos Dialnet, Pubmed, CUIDEN, Redalyc, Scielo y BVS. Las palabras claves utilizadas fueron «Mujeres», «Migrantes», «Atención Primaria de Salud», «Salud Reproductiva» y «Salud Sexual», con los operadores boleanos «AND» y «OR». Se incluyen estudios que refieren la atención de mujeres migrantes latinoamericanas en el contexto de salud sexual y reproductiva, excluyendo estudios enfocados a la población pediátrica, adulto mayor y masculina. Resultados. Se incluyeron un total de 16 artículos. Del análisis se desprendieron cuatro categorías: acceso a la atención de salud; estrategias de salud pública en salud sexual y reproductiva; experiencias en salud sexual y reproductiva; percepciones de salud. Conclusiones. La salud sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres migrantes se encuentra influenciada por diversas variables, entre los que destacan factores socioculturales y factores asociados al acceso en atención de salud. Se observa un déficit de información sobre la salud sexual y reproductiva, por lo que existe el desafío de aumentar las investigaciones en este ámbito con tal de generar políticas y protocolos de cuidado que permitan mejorar y adaptar la atención en salud sexual y reproductiva.

Introduction Healthcare fragmentation, a main cause for delay in cancer diagnosis and treatment, contributes to high mortality in Latin America (LA), particularly among disadvantaged populations. This research focuses on integrated care interventions, which have been limitedly implemented in the region. The objective is to evaluate the contextual effectiveness of scaling-up an integrated care intervention to improve early diagnosis of frequent cancers in healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia and Ecuador.Methods and analysis This research is two pronged: (A) quasi-experimental design (controlled before and after) with an intervention and a control healthcare network in each LA country, using an implementation-effectiveness hybrid approach to assess the intervention process, effectiveness and costs; and (B) case study design to analyse access to diagnosis of most frequent cancers. Focusing on the most vulnerable socioeconomic population, it develops in four phases: (1) analysis of delays and barriers to early diagnosis (baseline); (2) intervention adaptation and implementation (primary care training, fast-track referral pathway and patient information); (3) intracountry evaluation of intervention and (4) cross-country analysis. Baseline and evaluation studies adopt mixed-methods qualitative (semistructured individual interviews) and quantitative (patient questionnaire survey) methods. For the latter, a sample size of 174 patients with cancer diagnosis per healthcare network and year was calculated to detect a proportions difference of 15%, before and after intervention (α=0.05; β=0.2) in a two-sided test. A participatory approach will be used to tailor the intervention to each context, led by a local steering committee (professionals, managers, policy makers, patients and researchers).Ethics and dissemination This study complies with international and national legal stipulations on ethics. It was approved by each country’s ethical committee and informed consent will be obtained from participants. Besides the coproduction of knowledge with key stakeholders, it will be disseminated through strategies such as policy briefs, workshops, e-tools and scientific papers.

Objetivo: Correlacionar los hallazgos histopatológicos en la realización de biopsias mamarias por aspiración al vacío (BAV) con agujas 9 G con los observados en las mastografías. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 117 BAV con aguja 9 G, guiadas por estereotaxia con diagnóstico de lesiones sospechosas de malignidad en el periodo de agosto 2013 a diciembre del 2014. Se evaluaron principales factores de riesgo para cáncer de mama, hallazgos mamográficos, anatomía patológica de la biopsia radiológica y quirúrgica, así como subestimación diagnóstica. Resultados: Se incluyeron 117 muestras de pacientes con edades de 31 a 82 años. El hallazgo mamográfico más frecuente fue calcificaciones sospechosas de malignidad en 94 (80.3%) de las muestras, de las cuales 56 (47.9%) fueron diagnosticadas como lesiones benignas y 38 (32.4%) como lesiones malignas. La morfología predominante de las lesiones malignas fue finas pleomórficas y respecto a la categoría BI-RADS: 17 (14.5%) BI-RADS 4B, 9 (7.6%) BI-RADS 4C y 12 (10.2%) BI-RADS 5. Las lesiones asociadas o no a calcificaciones sospechosas fueron 23 (19.7%), de las cuales 19 (16.3%) correspondieron a lesiones malignas, distribuyéndose: 1 (0.85%) BI-RADS 4B, 11 (9.35%) BI-RADS 4C y 7 (5.95%) BI-RADS 5. En un caso (1/57) de carcinoma ductal in situ existió subestimación de infiltración. Entre las lesiones malignas, el factor de riesgo más frecuente fue no haber lactado (49.1%), el uso de la terapia hormonal (26.3%), los antecedentes heredofamiliares de cáncer de mama (22.8%) y el tabaquismo (12.3%). Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio coincide con las recomendaciones de las guías para diagnóstico de elección en lesiones sospechosas de malignidad no palpables, puesto que la BAV guiada por estereotaxia es un método diagnóstico de elección en el manejo de lesiones mamarias sospechosas no palpables, disminuye la biopsia escisional y reserva el tiempo quirúrgico para la cirugía terapéutica.

Serjania triquetra is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of urinary tract diseases, renal affections, and its complications. The population can buy this plant in folk markets as a raw material mixed with several herbal remedies or as a health supplement. On the market, two commercial presentations were found for the vegetal material; one had a bulk appearance and the other was marketed wrapped in cellophane bags (HESt-2, HESt-3). Nevertheless, the plant has not been exhaustively investigated and quality control techniques have not been developed. This research aimed to realize a phytochemical study using an authentic, freshly collected sample as a reference for S. triquetra (HESt-1), using the compounds identified. A method for the determination of preliminary chromatographic fingerprinting was developed. Additionally, the vasorelaxant effect from three samples was evaluated with ex vivo rat models. Thus, three hydroalcoholic extracts (HESt-1, HESt-2, and HESt-3) were prepared by maceration. A total of nine compounds were fully identified from HESt-1 after the extract was subjected to open-column chromatography. Seven metabolites were detected by gas chromatography, while ursolic acid (UA) and allantoin were isolated and identified using UPLC-MS and NMR, respectively. Three extracts were analyzed for their chromatographic fingerprint by UPLC-MS. Biological activity was explored by ex vivo rat aorta ring model to evaluate vasorelaxant activity. All extracts showed a vasorelaxant effect in a concentration-dependent and endothelium-dependent manner. S. triquetra vascular activity may be attributed to UA and allantoin compounds previously described in the literature for this activity.

The neurobiological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) remain largely unexplored due to the limited availability of study models in humans. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have overcome multiple limitations of retrospective clinical studies, contributing to a more detailed understanding of the molecular pathways that presumably contribute to the manifestation of depression. Despite the significant progress made by these study models, there are still more formidable challenges that will eventually be addressed by these platforms, as further studies may eventually emerge. This review will examine the most recent advances in the comprehension of depression by using human neurons and non-neuronal cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of patients with depression. This study highlights the importance of using these platforms to increase our knowledge of depression and address this psychiatric disorder more efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract Background In ambrosia and bark beetles–fungi interaction, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a central role in mediating various aspects of community dynamics of beetles and/or fungi. These functions include facilitating beetle habitat location, mate identification, and fungal partner differentiation. However, the understanding on this context remains limited, especially in the globally distributed subfamily Platypodinae, which comprises predominantly ambrosia beetles. There is a lack of chemical data on ambrosia fungi from native South American species. This study addresses this gap by characterizing VOCs from twelve fungal species associated with Megaplatypus mutatus and assessing species-specific behavioral responses during dispersal. Methods Fungal VOCs were collected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combined with solid-phase microextraction and Y-olfactometry assays of males and females were performed at dispersal stage. Statistical analyses involved: non-metric multidimensional scaling multivariate plot and PERMANOVA test, a cluster analysis through unweighted pair group method with Jaccard index, and finally, a chi-square goodness-of-fit test for beetle behavioral assays. Results We identified 72 VOCs from the fungal species isolated from M. mutatus galleries, exocuticle, and gut. The olfactory behavior of M. mutatus demonstrated its capacity to discriminate between volatile profiles, showing a preference for either the fungus or the control source. Our results also enhance the understanding in a chemotaxonomic context and in the behavioral responses of M. mutatus revealing the beetle's remarkable low temperature tolerance and its capability to maintain mobility and orientation toward volatile sources even after zero-degree Celsius exposure. Conclusion This study presents a comprehensive insight into fungal VOC profiles, emphasizing the sources of isolation within pest associated fungi, as well as its symbiotic species from the Raffaelea genus. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Megaplatypus mutatus exhibits a general aversion to its fungal VOCs symbiont. However, a notable exception arises when the beetles are pre-exposed for 48 h to freezing conditions, highlighting the beetles' ability to withstand freezing conditions as adults and to exhibit altered responses to their fungal associates under these circumstances.

Background: This study aimed to explore the potential associations between voice metrics of patients with PD and their motor symptoms. Methods: Motor and vocal data including the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS-III), Harmonic–Noise Ratio (HNR), jitter, shimmer, and smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) were analyzed through exploratory correlations followed by univariate linear regression analyses. We employed these four voice metrics as independent variables and the total and sub-scores of the UPDRS-III as dependent variables. Results: Thirteen subjects were included, 76% males and 24% females, with a mean age of 62.9 ± 10.1 years, and a median Hoehn and Yahr stage of 2.3 ± 0.7. The regression analysis showed that CPPS is associated with posture (UPDRS-III posture scores: β = −0.196; F = 10.0; p = 0.01; R2 = 0.50) and UPDRS-III postural stability scores (β = −0.130; F = 5.57; p = 0.04; R2 = 0.35). Additionally, the associations between CPPS and rapid alternating movement (β = −0.297; p = 0.07), rigidity (β= −0.36; p = 0.11), and body bradykinesia (β = −0.16; p = 0.13) showed a trend towards significance. Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential role of CPPS as a predictor of postural impairments secondary to PD, emphasizing the need for further investigation.

Abstract Neurological diseases are on the rise worldwide, leading to increased healthcare costs and diminished quality of life in patients. In recent years, Big Data has started to transform the fields of Neuroscience and Neurology. Scientists and clinicians are collaborating in global alliances, combining diverse datasets on a massive scale, and solving complex computational problems that demand the utilization of increasingly powerful computational resources. This Big Data revolution is opening new avenues for developing innovative treatments for neurological diseases. Our paper surveys Big Data’s impact on neurological patient care, as exemplified through work done in a comprehensive selection of areas, including Connectomics, Alzheimer’s Disease, Stroke, Depression, Parkinson’s Disease, Pain, and Addiction (e.g., Opioid Use Disorder). We present an overview of research and the methodologies utilizing Big Data in each area, as well as their current limitations and technical challenges. Despite the potential benefits, the full potential of Big Data in these fields currently remains unrealized. We close with recommendations for future research aimed at optimizing the use of Big Data in Neuroscience and Neurology for improved patient outcomes.

Resumen: El implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica representa una alternativa para el tratamiento de los pacientes con estenosis aórtica con alto riesgo quirúrgico o contraindicación para la intervención por esternotomía convencional, con buenos resultados a corto y mediano plazo, sin embargo no es un procedimiento exento de complicaciones como la endocarditis, que puede obligar a una intervención urgente en estos paciente con un aumento en la morbimortalidad, dados los antecedentes y estado al momento de la cirugía. A continuación presentamos un caso clínico de un paciente nonagenario con endocarditis postimplante percutáneo de válvula aórtica por Enterococcus faecalis que se presentó 8 meses después del implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica en nuestro centro y requirió manejo quirúrgico con excelentes resultados. Abstract: Percutaneous aortic valve implantation represents an alternative for the treatment of patients with aortic stenosis. This is an option in patients with high surgical risk or contraindication for intervention by conventional sternotomy; with good results in the short and medium term. However it is a procedure associated with complications such as endocarditis, which may require a urgent intervention in these patients with an increase in morbidity and mortality given the history and condition at the time of surgery. We present a clinical case of a nonagenarian patient with post-percutaneous aortic valve implantation endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis who presented 8 months after percutaneous aortic valve implantation in our center and required surgical management with excellent results.

Abstract Background Aggression is observed across the animal kingdom, and benefits animals in a number of ways to increase fitness and promote survival. While aggressive behaviors vary widely across populations and can evolve as an adaptation to a particular environment, the complexity of aggressive behaviors presents a challenge to studying the evolution of aggression. The Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus exists as an aggressive river-dwelling surface form and multiple populations of a blind cave form, some of which exhibit reduced aggression, providing the opportunity to investigate how evolution shapes aggressive behaviors. Results To define how aggressive behaviors evolve, we performed a high-resolution analysis of multiple social behaviors that occur during aggressive interactions in A. mexicanus. We found that many of the aggression-associated behaviors observed in surface-surface aggressive encounters were reduced or lost in Pachón cavefish. Interestingly, one behavior, circling, was observed more often in cavefish, suggesting evolution of a shift in the types of social behaviors exhibited by cavefish. Further, detailed analysis revealed substantive differences in aggression-related sub-behaviors in independently evolved cavefish populations, suggesting independent evolution of reduced aggression between cave populations. We found that many aggressive behaviors are still present when surface fish fight in the dark, suggesting that these reductions in aggression-associated and escape-associated behaviors in cavefish are likely independent of loss of vision in this species. Further, levels of aggression within populations were largely independent of type of opponent (cave vs. surface) or individual stress levels, measured through quantifying stress-like behaviors, suggesting these behaviors are hardwired and not reflective of population-specific changes in other cave-evolved traits. Conclusion These results reveal that loss of aggression in cavefish evolved through the loss of multiple aggression-associated behaviors and raise the possibility that independent genetic mechanisms underlie changes in each behavior within populations and across populations. Taken together, these findings reveal the complexity of evolution of social behaviors and establish A. mexicanus as a model for investigating the evolutionary and genetic basis of aggressive behavior.

IntroductionFibromyalgia (FM) is associated with dysfunctional pain modulation mechanisms, including central sensitization. Experimental pain measurements, such as temporal summation (TS), could serve as markers of central sensitization and have been previously studied in these patients, with conflicting results. Our objective in this study was to explore the relationships between two different protocols of TS (phasic and tonic) and test the associations between these measures and other clinical variables.Materials and MethodsIn this cross-sectional analysis of a randomized clinical trial, patients were instructed to determine their pain-60 test temperature, then received one train of 15 repetitive heat stimuli and rated their pain after the 1st and 15th stimuli: TSPS-phasic was calculated as the difference between those. We also administered a tonic heat test stimulus at the same temperature continuously for 30 s and asked them to rate their pain levels after 10 s and 30 s, calculating TSPS-tonic as the difference between them. We also collected baseline demographic data and behavioral questionnaires assessing pain, depression, fatigue, anxiety, sleepiness, and quality of life. We performed univariable analyses of the relationship between TSPS-phasic and TSPS-tonic, and between each of those measures and the demographic and clinical variables collected at baseline. We then built multivariable linear regression models to find predictors for TSPS-phasic and TSPS-tonic, while including potential confounders and avoiding collinearity.ResultsFifty-two FM patients were analyzed. 28.85% developed summation during the TSPS-phasic protocol while 21.15% developed summation during the TSPS-tonic protocol. There were no variables associated TSPS phasic or tonic in the univariable analyses and both measures were not correlated. On the multivariate model for the TSPS-phasic protocol, we found a weak association with pain variables. BPI-pain subscale was associated with more temporal summation in the phasic protocol (ß = 0.38, p = 0.029), while VAS for pain was associated with less summation in the TSPS-tonic protocol (ß = −0.5, p = 0.009).ConclusionOur results suggest that, using heat stimuli with pain-60 temperatures, a TSPS-phasic protocol and a TSPS-tonic protocol are not correlated and could index different neural responses in FM subjects. Further studies with larger sample sizes would be needed to elucidate whether such responses could help differentiating subjects with FM into specific phenotypes.

La Red de Maestras y Maestros STEM + Transforma se constituyó en un escenario para el empoderamiento pedagógico de los docentes participantes. Con el objetivo de impulsar acciones colectivas que fortalecieran la construcción de conocimientos en procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje desde el enfoque STEM, durante el periodo 2021-2023, esta iniciativa consolidó una comunidad docente que contribuyeran a la transformación pedagógica en Bogotá. Metodológicamente se fundamentó en los principios de gestión del conocimiento propuestos por Minakata. Esta metodología generó diversas iniciativas destinadas a fundamentar y potenciar aspectos clave del colectivo, desde procesos de gobernanza hasta estrategias pedagógicas y de divulgación. De acuerdo con lo anterior, la dinamización de la Red condujo a la creación de un modelo de gobernanza que facilitó la organización interna del colectivo y promovió la construcción de estrategias desde sus seis nodos de estudio. Dichas estrategias estuvieron centradas en generar la autogestión del colectivo e impactar las aulas distritales, vinculando la educación STEM con los contextos educativos y con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) como Salud y Bienestar, Educación de Calidad, Igualdad de Género, Trabajo Decente y Crecimiento Económico, Ciudades y Comunidades Sostenibles, y Acción por el Clima. Este proceso marcó el inicio de un colectivo dedicado al fortalecimiento de ambientes de aprendizaje desde el enfoque educativo STEM, resaltando la importancia de la colaboración entre docentes para generar innovaciones pedagógicas y avances educativos que respondan de manera dinámica y acorde con los desafíos y oportunidades del siglo XXI.

The neurobiological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) remain largely unexplored due to the limited availability of study models in humans. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have overcome multiple limitations of retrospective clinical studies, contributing to a more detailed understanding of the molecular pathways that presumably contribute to the manifestation of depression. Despite the significant progress made by these study models, there are still more formidable challenges that will eventually be addressed by these platforms, as further studies may eventually emerge. This review will examine the most recent advances in the comprehension of depression by using human neurons and non-neuronal cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of patients with depression. This study highlights the importance of using these platforms to increase our knowledge of depression and address this psychiatric disorder more efficiently.

Abstract Background Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated disorder that develops in genetically predisposed individuals upon gluten consumption. HLA risk alleles explain 40% of the genetic component of CeD, so there have been continuing efforts to uncover non-HLA loci that can explain the remaining heritability. As in most autoimmune disorders, the prevalence of CeD is significantly higher in women. Here, we investigated the possible involvement of the X chromosome on the sex bias of CeD. Methods We performed a X chromosome-wide association study (XWAS) and a gene-based association study in women from the CeD Immunochip (7062 cases, 5446 controls). We also constructed a database of X chromosome cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in monocytes from unstimulated (n = 226) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated (n = 130) female donors and performed a Summary-data-based MR (SMR) analysis to integrate XWAS and eQTL information. We interrogated the expression of the potentially causal gene (TMEM187) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from celiac patients at onset, on a gluten-free diet, potential celiac patients and non-celiac controls. Results The XWAS and gene-based analyses identified 13 SNPs and 25 genes, respectively, 22 of which had not been previously associated with CeD. The X chromosome cis-eQTL analysis found 18 genes with at least one cis-eQTL in naïve female monocytes and 8 genes in LPS-stimulated female monocytes, 2 of which were common to both situations and 6 were unique to LPS stimulation. SMR identified a potentially causal association of TMEM187 expression in naïve monocytes with CeD in women, regulated by CeD-associated, eQTL-SNPs rs7350355 and rs5945386. The CeD-risk alleles were correlated with lower TMEM187 expression. These results were replicated using eQTLs from LPS-stimulated monocytes. We observed higher levels of TMEM187 expression in PBMCs from female CeD patients at onset compared to female non-celiac controls, but not in male CeD individuals. Conclusion Using X chromosome genotypes and gene expression data from female monocytes, SMR has identified TMEM187 as a potentially causal candidate in CeD. Further studies are needed to understand the implication of the X chromosome in the higher prevalence of CeD in women.

Estudios previos han demostrado la relación de los contaminantes del aire y los factores meteorológicos con la propagación del COVID-19. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar si hay una significativa correlación entre las variables meteorológicas (temperatura, precipitación, velocidad del viento) y contaminante atmosférico (PM2.5) con los casos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Bogotá y Barranquilla, Colombia en el año 2020. Se emplearon análisis de correlación de Pearson y Correlación de Spearman de acuerdo con su distribución de normalidad realizado por el test de Shapiro Wilk. Nuestros hallazgos indicaron una correlación significativa para la temperatura con los casos diarios en la ciudad de Bogotá y Barranquilla.

En Colombia son varios los humedales han experimentado cambios significativos en el espejo de agua, ya sea por procesos naturales o antrópicos; la mayoría de estos presentan eutrofización, hecho que se comprueba por la proliferación descontrolada de algas, herbáceas y juncáceas, haciéndolos vulnerables a fenómenos como el calentamiento global. Este estudio se centra en el humedal Torca – Guaymaral ubicado en el extremo norte de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia), el cual, actualmente se ve afectado por la rápida propagación de vegetación hidromórfica. Este ecosistema acuático es hábitat para innumerables especies, al mismo tiempo que brinda múltiples beneficios a la sociedad como humedal urbano. El análisis del área de estudio se realizó con base en la vegetación y la humedad en comparación con los datos arrojados por los índices NDVI y NDWI en los años 2014 y 2023 en los meses de enero y febrero respectivamente. Los mapas del humedal se realizan con el software ArcGIS para procesar imágenes satelitales Landsat 8-9, con un rango de nubosidad inferior al 60 % y descargadas de la plataforma USGS EarthExplorer. Los resultados indican la disminución de zonas húmedas en el Torca-Guaymaral en un 7.3 %, mientras que la escasez de vegetación aumentó un 12 %, se observó que la vegetación densa disminuyó en un 3 % y la vegetación moderada en un 9.24 %.