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Abstract The individual results of SARS-CoV-2 serological tests measured after the first pandemic wave of 2020 cannot be directly interpreted as a probability of having been infected. Plus, these results are usually returned as a binary or ternary variable, relying on predefined cut-offs. We propose a Bayesian mixture model to estimate individual infection probabilities, based on 81,797 continuous anti-spike IgG tests from Euroimmun collected in France after the first wave. This approach used serological results as a continuous variable, and was therefore not based on diagnostic cut-offs. Cumulative incidence, which is necessary to compute infection probabilities, was estimated according to age and administrative region. In France, we found that a “negative” or a “positive” test, as classified by the manufacturer, could correspond to a probability of infection as high as 61.8% or as low as 67.7%, respectively. “Indeterminate” tests encompassed probabilities of infection ranging from 10.8 to 96.6%. Our model estimated tailored individual probabilities of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on age, region, and serological result. It can be applied in other contexts, if estimates of cumulative incidence are available.

Introduction: To assess the efficacy and morbidity of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNLT) in the treatment of renal stones in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD)., Methods: Retrospective, monocentric study including all patients with NLUTD who had undergone PNLT between 2005 and 2017. Pre-operative clinical data (neurological condition, voiding mode, preoperative urine culture…), peri-operative and post-operative data (success and morbidity) were collected from the patients' charts. Success was defined by the absence of residual fragment (RF), on imaging or intraoperative endoscopy. Partial efficacy was defined by the presence of RF lower than 4mm. Early complications were reported according to the Clavien-Dindo classification., Results: In all, 53 PNLTs were performed, in 35 patients, mostly with spinal cord injury. The success and partial efficacy rates were 66.0% and 71.7% respectively. The failure rate was correlated with increased stone burden (P=0.03), increased size of the largest stone (P=0.02), and the presence of complex stones (P<0.02). The rate of early complications was 41.5%, with 27.3% major, mostly septic, and bleeding. The retreatment rate within 3 years was 41.5%., Conclusion: In patients with NLUTD, PNLT allows a high success rate, but with a significant rate of retreatment and infectious complications. However, NLPC remains the gold standard in this population, especially for renal stones larger 20mm, allowing a higher success rate than ureteroscopy and a lower retreatment rate., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To assess the impact of expanded criteria donors (ECD) on urinary complications in kidney transplantation., Patients and Methods: The UriNary Complications Of Renal Transplant (UNyCORT) is a cohort study based on the French prospective Données Informatisées et VAlidées en Transplantation/Computerized and VAlidated Data in Transplantation (DIVAT) cohort. Data were extracted between 1 January 2002 and 1 January 2018 with 1-year minimum follow-up, in relation to 44 pre- and postoperative variables. ECD status was included according to United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) definition. The primary outcome of the UNyCORT study was the association between the donor's ECD/standard criteria donors (SCD) status and urinary complications at 1 year in uni- and multivariate analysis. Sub-group analysis, stratified analysis on ECD/SCD donor's status and transplant failure analysis were then conducted., Results: Between 1 January 2002 and 1 January 2018, 10 279 kidney transplants in adult recipients were recorded within the DIVAT network. A total of 8559 (83.4%) donors were deceased donors and 1699 (16.6%) were living donors (LD). Among donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors, 224 (2.85%) were uncontrolled DCD and 93 (1.09%) were controlled DCD donors. A total of 3617 (43.9%) deceased donors were ECD. The overall urological complication rate was 16.26%. The donor's ECD status was significantly associated with an increased risk of urological complications at 1 year in multivariate analysis (odds ratio: 1.50, 95% CI 1.31-1.71; P < 0.001) and especially with stenosis and ureteric fistulae at 1 year. There is no association with LD, uncontrolled and controlled DCD. The placement of an endo-ureteric stent was beneficial in preventing urinary complications in all donors and particularly in ECD donors., Conclusion: The donor's ECD status is associated with a higher likelihood of stenosis and ureteric fistulae at 1 year. Recipients of grafts from ECD donors should probably be considered for closer urological monitoring and systematic preventive measures., (© 2021 The Authors BJU International © 2021 BJU International.)