26 results on '"P Kanagasabapathy"'
Search Results
2. Production and characterization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from marine Bacillus halotolerans and its antibacterial activity against clinical pathogens
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Ravindran, Akila, Manivannan, Arun Chandra, Bharathi, Gunasekaran Sunandha Jeeva, Balasubramanian, Vellaisamy, Velmurugan, Palanivel, Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy, Muruganandham, Moorthy, Arumugam, Natarajan, I. Almansour, Abdulrahman, Kumar, Raju Suresh, and Sivakumar, Subpiramaniyam
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- 2024
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3. Enhanced applications in dentistry through autoclave-assisted sonochemical synthesis of Pb/Ag/Cu trimetallic nanocomposites
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Kanagasabapathy Sivasubramanian, Yuvaraj Tamilselvi, Palanivel Velmurugan, Fatimah Oleyan Al-Otibi, Raedah Ibrahim Alharbi, Vinayagam Mohanavel, Sivakumar Manickam, Jeyanthi Rebecca L., and Basavaraj Rudragouda Patil
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Trimetal ,Composite ,Oral cavities ,Stitches ,Nanoparticle ,Antibacterial ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 - Abstract
In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the development of multiphase trimetallic nanocomposites (TMNC) incorporating ternary metals or metal oxides, which hold significant potential as alternatives for combatting biofilms and bacterial infections. Enhanced oral health is ensured by the innovative techniques used to effectively prevent bacterial adherence and formation of biofilm on dental sutures. In this investigation, TMNC, which consists of Pb, Ag, and Cu, was synthesized using an autoclave-assisted sonochemical technique. Following synthesis, TMNC were characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET, XPS, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy to analyze their shape and microstructure. Subsequent evaluations, including MTT assay, antibacterial activity testing, and biofilm formation analysis, were conducted to assess the efficiency of the synthesized TMNC. Cytotoxicity and anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activities of TMNC were evaluated using the Human Oral Cancer cell line (KB) cell line through MTT assay, demonstrating a dose-dependent increase in anti-human oral squamous cell carcinoma activity against the KB cell line compared to the normal cell line, resulting in notably high cell viability. Furthermore, an ultrasonic probe was employed to incorporate TMNC onto dental suturing threads, with different concentrations of TMNC, ultrasonic power levels, and durations considered to determine optimal embedding conditions that result in the highest antibacterial activity. The inhibitory effects of TMNC, both in well diffusion assays and when incorporated into dental suturing threads, against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) were assessed using various concentrations of TMNC. The results of the study indicated that the efficacy of TMNC in inhibiting bacterial growth on dental suturing threads remained impressive, even at low concentrations. Moreover, an evaluation of their potential to destabilize biofilms formed by S. aureus and E. coli, the two pathogens in humans, indicated that TMNC would be a promising anti-biofilm agent.
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- 2024
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4. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Illicium verum extract: Optimization and characterization for biomedical applications
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Velmurugan Palanivel, Muruganandham Moorthy, Sivasubramanian Kanagasabapathy, Mohanavel Vinayagam, Chinnathambi Arunachalam, Alharbi Sulaiman Ali, and Basavegowda Nagaraj
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agnps ,i. verum ,tem ,xrd ,antibacterial activity ,dpph assay ,cytotoxicity ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2024
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5. Antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities of the aqueous extract of Syzygium aromaticum-mediated synthesized novel silver nanoparticles
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Muruganandham Moorthy, Al-Otibi Fatimah Oleyan, Alharbi Raedah Ibrahim, Sivasubramanian Kanagasabapathy, Raja Ramalingam Karthik, Velmurugan Palanivel, and Basavegowda Nagaraj
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s. aromaticum ,sa-agnps ,tem ,ft-ir ,mtt assay ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2023
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6. The role of Fintech firms’ sustainability during the COVID-19 period
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Toumi, Amina, Najaf, Khakan, Dhiaf, Mohamed M., Li, Ng Shir, and Kanagasabapathy, Shenba
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- 2023
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7. Nanoscale molecular reactions in microbiological medicines in modern medical applications
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Shesayar Radjarejesri, Agarwal Amit, Taqui Syed Noeman, Natarajan Yuvaraj, Rustagi Sarvesh, Bharti Sweety, Trehan Anchal, Sivasubramanian Kanagasabapathy, Muruganandham Moorthy, Velmurugan Palanivel, Arumugam Natarajan, Almansour Abdulrahman I., Kumar Raju Suresh, and Sivakumar Subpiramaniyam
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atom ,molecular size ,nanoscale ,quantum atoms ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Everything around us is made up of atoms and molecules. The properties of quantum atoms are sought to understand the behavior of a particular object. But with the advent of research, it was discovered that there is a quantity smaller than the molecular size. The nanoscale measures a fraction of a billionth of a meter. The atom of an object measures 0.1 nm. Since atoms are the building blocks of matter, at the nanoscale one can combine these atoms to create new materials. The proposed model displays the properties of these nano-scale elements in modern medical applications. The nano-scale research of matter is fascinating because it is the basic phase in which atoms are held together. Therefore, by manipulating material at this level, one can create many different types of objects. This proposed model calculates the operation requirements and expects the results. Based on the operational requirements, the proposed model provides the suggestions. This will be helpful for the medical researchers to identify the proper medical treatments based on the microbiological requirements.
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- 2023
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8. Phytocrystallization of silver nanoparticles using Cassia alata flower extract for effective control of fungal skin pathogens
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Muruganandham Moorthy, Sivasubramanian Kanagasabapathy, Velmurugan Palanivel, Arumugam Natarajan, Almansour Abdulrahman I., Kumar Raju Suresh, Mahalingam Sakkarapalayam M., and Sivakumar Subpiramaniyam
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cassia alata flower ,phyto compound ,silver ,biomedical ,applications ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
A feasible alternative to classic chemical synthesis, the phyto-mediated production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing aqueous flower petal extract of Cassia alata as a reducing agent is reported for the first time. Characterization of synthesized AgNPs was carried out using various techniques viz., ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The results of the FTIR research conducted in this study show different bond stretches with varying durations, which can be seen at various faraway points. AgNPs are mainly spherical and vary in size from 20 to 100 nm, according to TEM images. The highest X-ray energy surge, at 3 keV, is visible in the EDX spectrum. The XRD pattern showed that four diffraction peaks could be assigned to the 111, 200, 220, and 311 planes of the face-centered cubic crystalline silver, respectively, at 32.05, 46.27, 55.25, and 57.39°. Optimization of production parameters including pH, metal ion concentration, and substrate concentrations were studied. In addition, the bioactivity was evaluated against Trichophyton rubrum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Mucor sp. using the agar diffusion method. Furthermore, their antioxidant properties were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate assay and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power tests. MTT assay was performed using human fibroblast cell line (L929) to determine the cell viability and cytotoxicity through increased metabolism of the tetrazolium salt.
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- 2023
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9. Antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity potential of synthesized silver nanoparticles from the Cassia alata leaf aqueous extract
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Sivasubramanian Kanagasabapathy, Sabarinathan Shanmugam, Muruganandham Moorthy, Velmurugan Palanivel, Arumugam Natarajan, Almansour Abdulrahman I., Kumar Raju Suresh, and Sivakumar Subpiramaniyam
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green synthesis ,cassia alata ,agnps ,characterization ,antibacterial activity ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The current research focuses on the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis from the Cassia alata aqueous leaf extract. Various production parameters like pH (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10), metal ion concentration (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM), and substrate (leaf extract) concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mL) were optimized. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to identify the production by scanning the wavelength from 200 to 800 nm. Visual color change from light green to brown was designated as prior confirmation of the AgNP production. Physical characterization of AgNPs was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the obtained AgNPs show significant antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas sp. Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., and Enterobacter sp. The antioxidant potential was determined by α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl assay and cytotoxicity by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay on human lung cancer cell lines (A549). AgNPs confirmed potent antibacterial activity against skin infections, demonstrating their medicinal significance and are therefore crucial for creating a medicinal formulation with antibacterial properties.
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- 2023
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10. Environmental and social disclosures dataset for Malaysian public listed companies
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Nor Syazwani Rosman, Wai Kee Ho, Hafiza Aishah Hashim, K.S. Susela Devi, Shenba Kanagasabapathy, and Jaspal Singh
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Sustainability ,Sustainability reporting ,Industrial sectors ,SDGs ,ESG ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive dataset extracted from published annual, sustainability and integrated reports, focusing on environmental (GRI300) and social (GRI400) disclosures, for the top 100 Malaysian public listed companies (based on Market Capitalization as of 31 December 2016). The dataset covers three years (2018 to 2020) with 300 firm-year observations. Environmental and Social disclosure scores were calculated using the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework and derived from the content analysis of the companies' reports accessed from respective corporate or Bursa Malaysia's websites. A binary scoring method (one for disclosure or zero, otherwise for each environmental and social disclosure item) was employed. This scoring process underwent three stages of rigorous manual verification protocol: initial check and scoring by research assistants, review by the research team, and a final review by an independent external accounting firm for validation. This dataset is valuable for academics, practitioners, and policymakers to evaluate corporate alignment with UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) #12, encouraging Responsible Consumption and Production, and shape strategic policies to meet Bursa compliance for enhanced corporate sustainability. It further aids in investigating associations between governance factors and other firm characteristics with environmental and social disclosures.
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- 2023
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11. An eco-friendly ultrasound approach to extracting yellow dye from Cassia alata flower petals: Characterization, dyeing, and antibacterial properties
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Moorthy Muruganandham, Kanagasabapathy Sivasubramanian, Palanivel Velmurugan, Subbaiah Suresh Kumar, Natarajan Arumugam, Abdulrahman I. Almansour, Raju Suresh Kumar, Sivakumar Manickam, Cheng Heng Pang, and Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar
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Ultrasound ,Extraction ,Natural dye ,C. alata ,UV-spectrophotometer ,Color fastness ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 - Abstract
Using natural dyes in dyeing industries becomes an alternative to synthetic dyes, which are known to contain harmful chemicals that can pose risks to the environment and human health. This study involves the extraction of yellow dye from Cassia alata flower petals, optimization of the extraction process using an ultrasonic bath (40 KHz and an input power of 500), ultrasonic probe (390 W, 455 W, 520 W, 585 W, and 650 W), and conventional heating (heating mantle with 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C), characterization of the dye, as well as dyeing (cotton, silk, and leather) without using a mordant. The extracted yellow dye was further evaluated to determine its antibacterial activity against skin bacteria. Dye extraction optimization using UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed that the maximum yellow color in methanol extract (287 and 479 nm) was obtained at 50 °C for 45 min using ultrasonic water bath extraction, followed by the ultrasonic probe and direct heating. Based on the FTIR spectra, it is evident that OH is present at approximately 3300 cm−1, while CH stretches at around 2900 cm−1. A characteristic peak at 1608 cm−1 bears a striking similarity to anthraquinonoid-based compounds. Also, using the ultrasonic water bath dyeing technique at 50 °C for 45 min, the yellow color of cotton, silk, and leather was dyed optimally. Due to effective color removal after two washings with boiling soap liquid, the dyed cotton and silk fabric displayed good washing and rubbing fastness. Regarding antibacterial activity, the dye was highly active against all pathogens after extraction in methanol. The maximum inhibition was observed against Pseudomonas sp. with a MIC value of 1.56 mg/ml.
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- 2023
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12. Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Distal Common Bile Duct: A Case of a Rare Type of Cholangiocarcinoma
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Samalai Kanagasabapathy, Duminda Subasinghe, Sivasuriya Sivaganesh, and Harshima Wijesinghe
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Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
Introduction: Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare subtype of the conventional adenocarcinoma of the bile duct. The clinico-pathological characteristics of this entity are poorly understood partly due to its rarity. Case Summary: A 67-year-old ASA II male presented with obstructive jaundice subsequently complicated by cholangitis. CT abdomen showed dilatation of the intra and extrahepatic biliary tree. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a stricture with a mucosal growth at the ampulla of Vater. He had a pancreaticoduodenectomy and the distal common bile duct tumour identified in the specimen was on histology an adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the extrahepatic bile duct. Discussion: ASCs are considered to have more aggressive tumour biology compared to adenocarcinomas. The presence of a squamous component at the invasive front relates to its poor prognosis. Surgery is the curative option, but with a high propensity for early recurrence and distant metastases. The scarcity of reports on the clinicopathological course of ASC have resulted in a lack of standardised care pathways. Conclusion: A better understanding of the clinicopathological characteristics, biological behaviour and disease progression of ASC will aid therapeutic options and prognostication.
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- 2022
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13. Canine retraction and anchorage loss using self-ligating and conventional brackets with sliding mechanics: A split-mouth clinical study
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Anurag Tiwari, Syed Aafaque, Y Rizwana, Syed Altafuddin Quadri, B Kanagasabapathy, Chandrika Villuri, J Suresh Babu, C Swarnalatha, and Abhishek Singh Nayyar
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anchorage loss ,canine retraction ,conventional brackets ,e-chain ,self-ligating brackets ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Appliance biocompatibility, orthodontic treatment efficiency and patient convenience are the major issues confronting contemporary orthodontic practice. Very few studies have been published till date regarding the efficiency of self-ligating brackets as against conventional brackets. Hence, the present study was planned to compare the rate of canine retraction between self-ligating and conventional brackets and to determine the amount of anchorage loss during canine retraction. METHODS: The present clinical study was designed as a prospective, observational study comprising of 25 patients requiring first premolar extraction as a part of orthodontic treatment. Self-ligating and conventional brackets were bonded using a split-mouth study design randomly. Retraction of canines was done with 150 grams of force using Dontrix gauge with E-chains. The study was conducted in relation to upper arch only, while the rate of retraction was evaluated every 4 weeks for 3 months. Average rates of retraction in 3 months were calculated. For anchorage loss, an acrylic guide plug was used in mid-treatment cast (T0) and after 3 months of retraction (T3). The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Independent t-test was used to compare the means of the two variables studied, while Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the variables studied in the groups included. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The correlation coefficient between the average rate of canine retraction with self-ligating brackets vs. conventional brackets over a period of 3 months came out to be 0.6434, while on comparing the data in terms of anchorage loss over a period of 3 months, the respective correlation coefficient value was found to be 0.6659 with the results being statistically highly significant in either case (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Self-ligating brackets showed double the amount of displacement compared to conventional brackets in some of the cases. Also, chair side time was significantly reduced with self-ligating brackets as against conventional brackets.
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- 2023
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14. Tabebuia rosea seed extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities
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Moorthy Muruganandham, Fatimah Oleyan Al-Otibi, Raedah Ibrahim Alharbi, Kanagasabapathy Sivasubramanian, Anon Chaulagain, Palanivel Velmurugan, and Nagaraj Basavegowda
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T. rosea ,AgNPs ,SEM ,FT-IR ,MTT assay ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plants has grown in significance recently. The present investigation involved the synthesis of AgNPs utilizing Tabebuia rosea (TR) seeds as a reducing agent. The bioactive potential of the synthesized AgNP was evaluated through antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity assays. The confirmation of the formation of AgNPs was achieved through the utilization of UV–vis spectroscopy. The spectroscopic analysis revealed the presence of absorption maxima at 450 nm, which is a distinctive feature of AgNPs. The optimization process for the synthesis of nanoparticles was conducted by varying the pH levels, metal ion (AgNO _3 ), and substrate (Seed extract). The size range of the synthesized nanoparticles was found to be less than 100 nm through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The profile obtained through energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of AgNPs exhibited a characteristic optical absorption peak at approximately 3 keV. Further investigation using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the involvement of O–H stretching in phenolic compounds and O–H and C=O stretching in carboxylic acids forming AgNPs. The results of the antimicrobial activity assay indicate that the bacteria K. pneumonia exhibited the maximum inhibition zone of 20 ± 0.48 mm, followed by E. faecalis , P. aeruginosa , P. mirabilis , and S. aureus at the highest concentration of 100 mg ml ^−1 , respectively. The DPPH assay findings suggest that the maximum concentration of 500 μ g ml ^−1 of AgNPs exhibited a unique scavenging ability, with a value of 80.98%. Additionally, the application of biologically synthesized AgNPs to treated cells resulted in a cytotoxic effect. The inhibitory concentration (IC _50 ) value of 45 μ g ml ^−1 was determined following a 24 h treatment with human fibroblast cells (L929). Using T. rosea seed to produce AgNPs holds promise for their potential application as nano drugs.
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- 2023
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15. Preparation and Investigation on Thermal Characteristics of Nanoenhanced Phase Change Material
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Sivasamy, P., Athi, Muthiah, D, Sundarrajan, Kanagasabapathy, H, Durkaieswaran, P, and Jegan, B
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A new form of composite PCMs is developed by adding 0.5 wt% of SiO
2 , TiO2 , ZnO and CuO nanomaterials to lauric acid. Phase change temperatures of lauric acid range from 43.92°C to 44.65°C and 40.84°C to 41.36°C, respectively. In addition, the phase change latent heats are 183.23 kJ/kg and 183.68 kJ/kg at room temperature, respectively. Thermal properties of PCM with nanomaterials were discussed in terms of weight fractions. The improvement in thermal conductivity of the PCM owing to the dispersion of nanomaterials was verified by laser flash analyser (LFA). Hence, the newly developed composite PCMs holds great potential as a candidate for harnessing solar energy in low-temperature heating systems. Keywords: Phase Change Material (PCM), Melting, freezing, Nanomaterials and Lauric acid.- Published
- 2024
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16. Efficient CNN based detection of diabetic retinopathy
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Pravin, Sheena, Kanagasabapathy, Sindhu, Sivaraman, Vishalbalaji, Jayaraman, Saranya, and Manickavelu, Palanivelan
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- 2023
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17. The third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3): an international, stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial
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Ma, Lu, Hu, Xin, Song, Lili, Chen, Xiaoying, Ouyang, Menglu, Billot, Laurent, Li, Qiang, Malavera, Alejandra, Li, Xi, Muñoz-Venturelli, Paula, de Silva, Asita, Thang, Nguyen Huy, Wahab, Kolawole W, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Wasay, Mohammad, Pontes-Neto, Octavio M, Abanto, Carlos, Arauz, Antonio, Shi, Haiping, Tang, Guanghai, Zhu, Sheng, She, Xiaochun, Liu, Leibo, Sakamoto, Yuki, You, Shoujiang, Han, Qiao, Crutzen, Bernard, Cheung, Emily, Li, Yunke, Wang, Xia, Chen, Chen, Liu, Feifeng, Zhao, Yang, Li, Hao, Liu, Yi, Jiang, Yan, Chen, Lei, Wu, Bo, Liu, Ming, Xu, Jianguo, You, Chao, Anderson, Craig S, Robinson, Thompson, Miranda, J. Jaime, Anderson, Craig S., You, Chao, Song, Lili, Parry-Jones, Adrian, Sprigg, Nikola, Durrans, Sophie, Harris, Caroline, Bamford, Ann, Smith, Olivia, Herbert, Robert, Chen, Christopher, Whiteley, William, Hu, Rong, Billot, Laurent, Li, Qiang, Mysore, Jayanthi, Hu, Xin, Zhang, Yao, Liu, Feifeng, Sakamoto, Yuki, You, Shoujiang, Han, Qiao, Crutzen, Bernard, Li, Yunke, Cheung, Emily, Jan, Stephen, Liu, Hueiming, Ouyang, Menglu, Sun, Lingli, Chu, Honglin, Anjum, Anila, Gonzalez Mc Cawley, Francisca, Del Rio, Alejandra, Rimoli, Bruna, Cerantola, Rodrigo, Jeevarajah, Thanushanthan, Kannangara, Madhushani, Joseph, Andrene, Nanayakkara, Chamath, Chen, Xiaoying, Malavera, Alejandra, Zhang, Chunmiao, Yang, Zhao, Li, Brook, Meng, Zhuo, Ouyang, Menglu, Liu, Leibo, Ning, Yi, Dong, Le, Armenis, Manuela, Lim, Joyce, Monaghan, Helen, Ma, Lu, Hu, Xin, Li, Xi, Luo, Rui, Cheng, Guojuan, Dong, Yilin, Liu, Ziqin, Wang, Shuihong, Zhang, Ying, Cheng, Jipeng, Shi, Hui, Li, Wenjing, Mou, Langming, Yi, Ping, Chen, Chen, Chen, Xue, Weerawardena, Shalomi, Ellawala, Poornima, Ranasinghe, Enalee, Rodrigo, Chrishmi, Wahab, Kolawala, Adeniyi, Sunday, Pandian, Jeyaraj, Khanna, Megha, Muñoz Venturelli, Paula, González, Francisca, Urrutia Goldsack, Francisca, Wasay, Mohammad, Begum, Dilshad, Anjum, Anila, Pontes-Neto, Octavio, Camilo, Millene, Dias, Francisco, Vincenzi, Octavio, Cerantola, Rodrigo, Moro, Carla, Santos, Renata, Texeira, Nara, Longo, Alexandre, Liberato, Rafaela, Martins, Sheila, Pille, Arthur, Chwal, Bruna, Silva, Isabel, Titton, Natacha, Weiss, Gustavo, Mora, Daissy, Ouriques, Magda, Carbonera, Leonardo, Bazan, Rodrigo, Modolo, Gabriel, Winckler, Fernanda, Miranda, Luana, Souza, Juli, Rojo, Alexis, Uslar, Wilhelm, Medel, Lorena, Lopez, Javiera, Herrero, Diego, Lavados, Pablo, Vargas Latorre, Barbara, Conejan, Nathalie, Esparza, Tomas, Sotomayor, Patricio, Wenger, Denisse, Gigoux, Juan Pablo, Letelier, Aldo, Acevedo, Lilian, Moya, Vivianne, Figueroa, Cristian, Vallejos, Nicol, Conejan, Nathalie, Esparza, Tomas, Sotomayor, Patricio, Guerrero, Rodrigo, Velasquez, Mauricio, Vallejos, Jose, Pallauta, Kimerly, Santibanez, Tamara, Queirolo, Angelo, Lobos, Andrea, Jiang, Yongming, Li, Weimin, Huang, Wei, Luo, Ke, Liu, Gangying, Tang, Guanghai, Yang, Guang, Jiang, Hongtao, Zhang, Xu, Jing, Hongyan, Zhu, Sheng, Pu, Bo, Lv, Dong, Kang, Hui, Hu, Qiuping, She, Xiaochun, Jiang, Xiaoming, Chen, Yanli, Yang, Shenghua, He, Jianjun, Li, Zongping, Cheng, Gang, Huang, Hailin, Wang, Xiaoyi, Lin, Jianqiong, Chen, Minhui, Yang, Chenghao, Ding, Hao, Deng, Yunliang, Luo, Fei, Zhang, Rongjun, Wang, Xiaofeng, Zhang, Hongbing, Yang, Xiaoliang, Zhang, Yang, Yang, Chengyi, He, Yu, Liu, Feng, Wang, Rongjie, Zhang, Yuhui, Xin, Xiaodong, Feng, Bin, Hao, Wanru, Song, Chang, Guo, Yun, Jiang, Dehua, Chen, Jie, Tang, Changtong, Zhu, Hongliang, Li, Xin, Cui, Jin, Xu, Haidong, Li, Boyang, Tang, Fusheng, Li, Yuanbin, Gao, Min, Yang, Bo, Xu, Xuejun, Deng, Bing, Zheng, Yi, Ge, Yuanhong, Chen, Keyu, Liu, Yang, Li, Xinshen, Zhong, Tingting, Xu, Jianfeng, Zhang, Hai, Wang, Jiyue, Zhu, Jianxin, Sun, Hanyu, Yu, Fuhua, Zhang, Xueguang, You, Chao, Ma, Lu, Hu, Xin, Xu, Jianguo, Li, Xi, Zhang, Mingsen, Wang, Bin, Ma, Yiming, Jiang, Donglin, Zhou, Jun, Liu, Cong, Nie, Wenhong, Li, Mingguo, Tian, Tao, Li, Yong, He, Mingfang, Tu, Xiaolong, Wu, Zhengjun, Liu, Hong, Zhong, Dongsheng, Jiang, Rongcai, Sun, Jian, Tian, Ye, Wei, Yingsheng, An, Shuo, Wei, Pingbo, Luo, Le, Lin, Bin, Liu, Gang, Wen, Yan, Cai, Qiang, Chen, Qianxue, Lei, Pan, Li, Zhiyang, Zhang, Meifang, He, Jiaquan, Chen, Yan, Liu, Jun, Liu, Xinghai, Li, Junyan, Chen, Min, Wang, Jing, Zhou, Bingzhi, Ye, Baichun, Zhang, Jiancheng, Zhang, Manyuan, Pan, Xuming, Yu, Xiaoxiang, Xu, Jian, Xiao, Qingbao, Wang, Yuefei, Tao, Liang, Shi, Lin, Zheng, Niandong, You, Guoliang, Lei, Bo, Chen, Shu, Wu, Honggang, Hu, Jin, Zhao, Jianlan, Yu, Jian, Yuan, Qiang, Du, Zhuoying, Tang, Xielin, Li, Qianke, Liu, Shenghua, Yang, Feilong, Xiao, Kui, Luo, Chao, Wang, Guang, Che, Xudong, Teng, Zhipeng, Wan, Wenwu, Li, Jun, Liu, Yu, Fan, Mingbo, Zhang, Tao, Cai, Lun, Ma, Yuan, Ma, Zhifeng, Li, Bin, He, Linlin, Li, Jinghui, Zhang, Weibing, Zhang, Shuxin, Zhang, Hongzhen, Dai, Yingguang, Lei, Jun, Mao, Lei, Huang, Yiyang, Zhou, Zhi, Chen, Ping, Chen, Fang, Wei, Pan, Li, Tiangui, Chen, Honglin, Zeng, Mengfei, Mou, Kejie, Xue, Jun, Jiang, Yong, Tang, Xiaoping, Chen, Tao, Zhang, Yalan, Xu, Yanbing, Gu, Yuchen, Chen, Lei, Zhao, Yujun, Yang, Bin, Kuai, Peng, Wang, Xi, Yang, Yuwang, Hu, Xueling, Zhang, Huitian, Yang, Yintao, Wang, Weifeng, Zhang, Junyi, Cheng, Wei, Zhang, Xiaoxue, Ma, Xiaowen, He, Qin, Zhang, Li, Gao, Rong, Liu, Huixiang, Ye, Jingwei, Xu, Ping, Wu, Xin, Yuan, Yuan, Zou, Peng, Zhang, Zhen, Cheng, Jiyong, Zhou, Zhangming, Zeng, Yijun, Liang, Zhang, Du, Deming, Yu, Shui, Cao, Yongjun, You, Shoujiang, Xu, Jiaping, Huang, Zhichao, Chen, Dongqin, Xiao, Wenfeng, Zhu, Li, Yuan, Miao, Wang, Yuhai, Shi, Dongliang, Hu, Xu, Xiang, Dingchao, Shi, Like, Wang, Hongqin, Yang, Liu, Miao, Wang, Hu, Yiyi, Zhao, Yuchun, Hu, Xi, Liu, Yang, Zhou, Weiduo, Sun, Chao, Chen, Tao, Tang, Dong, Yao, Kun, You, Jin, Chen, Shishi, Yao, Jianmin, Li, Huanmei, Liu, Jinmei, Bai, Ailin, Yi, Yong, Deng, Qingshan, Luo, Peng, Wang, Han, Jiang, Jingcheng, Yang, Qingwei, He, Shunpo, Wang, Jun, Chen, Yu, He, Hua, Deng, Yuyang, Cao, Zhikai, Yi, Xuxia, Luo, Jinbiao, Luo, Shuang, Gong, Min, Liu, Li, Gao, Xuejun, Liu, Jia, Wu, Li'e, Zhang, Jia, Sun, Hongying, Li, Xinhui, Jia, Lu, Wu, Jianbing, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Huajun, Du, Chunfu, Li, Shun, Yang, Xiaobin, He, Jie, Liao, Lei, Zhou, Gezhi, Dong, Wentao, Chen, Yunxiang, Lin, Xiaofeng, Shui, Xujian, Zhang, Peng, Zhao, Yuan, Yang, Hongli, Zhao, Wenbin, Zhang, Xiaoyi, Chen, Jincao, Wu, Qian, Dai, Xuan, Tang, Baogui, Wang, Yinjuan, Liu, Tao, Zhang, Haixia, Duan, Faliang, Luo, Ming, Jiao, Qingfang, Lei, Guoliang, Wang, Dong, Song, Chunwang, Tan, Haopeng, Ye, Feng, Qin, Xinghu, Liang, Xiaolong, Liu, Junling, Yang, Lang, Yang, Jie, Lin, Yapeng, Yang, Qian, Ma, Xuntai, Qi, Yinkuang, Pan, Baogen, Jiang, Caixia, Ye, Zhanying, Dong, Ce, Yue, Xiongfei, Yang, Xiaopeng, Maimaitiyiming, Tuoheti, Dong, Jun, Wu, Yonggang, Gao, Feng, Zhao, Deqiang, Zhang, Xinghai, Wang, PengJun, Jiang, Hongbo, Li, Jianping, Zhang, Wei, Chen, Jing, Tong, Haibo, Wang, Yonghong, Qiao, Kaipeng, Guo, Fuyou, Zhang, Mingchu, Hu, Yan, Feng, Mengzhao, Song, Dengpan, Zuo, Yi, Chen, Shangjun, Qian, Chao, Li, Baoming, Ma, Jingku, Zhang, Sunfu, Kong, Bin, Dong, Xingyu, Li, Qiang, Fang, Sheng, Lu, Bin, Li, Yang, Zhang, Zhen, Yang, Yongling, Yu, Hong, Sun, Huaiyu, Wang, Yue, Wang, Weimin, Li, Tong, Li, Shengli, Xu, Zhiming, Wang, Yongyi, Dong, Qiang, Tang, Yuping, Chu, Heling, Lu, Ying, Wang, Zhong, Sun, Xiaoou, Zhao, Jianhua, Yang, Shuaifeng, Qian, Xiying, Saroja, Aralikatte Onkarappa, Naik k, Ravishankar, Chindhi, Sandip, Pampaniya, Nakul, Amaresh, Kurubara, Iype, Thomas, R, Dileep, Rajan, Reeja, Panicker, Praveen, Das, Rupjyoti, Choudhury, Nupur, Gohain, Pankaja, Webster, Jemin, Pakma, Biyol, Sangi, Lalbiak, Sebastian, Ivy, Aggrawal, Gaurav, Raj, Komal, Rajoura, Deepankshi, Singh, Sulena, Aggrawal, Varun, Narang, Amit, Arauz, Antonio, Cano-Nigenda, Vanesa, López-Mena, Diego, Valdez-Ruvalcaba, Héctor, Toledo-Treviño, Roberto, Obiako, Reginald, Abubakar, Sani, Emeka, Oguike, Olayemi, Balogun, Lois, Melika, Philip, Ibinaiye, Comfort O, Olurishe, Okubadejo, Njideka, Agabi, Osigwe, Ojo, Oluwadamilola, Wahab, Kolawole, Bello, Abiodun, Ibukun, Oyinloye, Sanayaolu, Olufemi, Adeniyi, Sunday, Jimoh, Abdulraheem, Wasay, Mohammad, Begum, Dilshad, Anjum, Anila, Waheed, Shahid, Kamal, Dr.Ayeesha, Shoaib, Raja Farhat, Orooj, Fizza, Majid, Sadaf, Zehra, Taskeen, Khan, Abdus Salam, Shanker, Ravi, Syed, Nadir Ali, Ahmad, Nashwa, Abanto, Carlos, Valencia, Ana, Barrientos, Danny, Ramirez, Jorge, Calle, Pilar, Palliyeguruge, Dilum, Muthucumarana, Sumudu, Ratnayaka, Shiroma, Ganihiarachchi, Dilhara, Bandaranayake, Arundathi, Somaratne, S.D.B, Narayana, Saumya, Gallage, Sithara, Senanayake, Bimsara, Samarasiri, Udari, Luke, Dunya, Sivapathasundaram, Mythily, Sahadevan, Vithoosan, Rasmi, Amani, Deshaka, Yuran, Fernando, Nilukshi, Munasinghe, Aruna, Rathnapriya, Kapilanga, Nissanka, A.S, Karunathilake, Kanchana, Gayan, Isuru, Wijenayake, Kaminda, Gunasekara, Hasitha, Vidyarathne, Jagath, Keshavaraj, Ajantha, Janarthanan, Kanagasabapathy, Gerald Jeevathasan, Arhivalaky, Sivamainthan, Sivaram, John Priyanth, Mathyamuthan, John Priyanth, Abirami, Rajendiran, Thambippillai, Alwis, Sanjeewa, Gunasekare, Nushara, Liyanarachchi, Vasundara, Dissanayake, Athula, Uluwattage, Wimalasiri Mewa, Ratnayake, Gimhani, Rajinee, Charika, Jayawardana, Sakura, Peiris, Janaka, Wicramasinghe, Ranjith, Fernando, Chamila, Abbas, Jessie, Withanage, Nethmini, Bandara, Makaranda, Mai, Duy Ton, Nguyen, Van Chi, Dao, Viet Phuong, Vuong, Xuan Trung, Nguyen, Tien Dung, Dinh, Trung Hieu, Phan, Ha Quan, Bui, Quoc Viet, Phung, Dinh Tho, Pham, Quang Tho, Pham, Dinh Dai, Do, Duc Thuan, Dang, Phuc Duc, Dang, Minh Duc, Nguyen, Dang Hai, Nguyen, Thi Phuong Nga, Nguyen, Quoc Huy, Pham, Quoc Dai, Chau, Quoc Vinh, Tai, Vinh Thy Van, Le, Tran Vinh, Le, Cong Tri, Tran, Ha Mai Khuong, Nguyen, Huu Khanh, Ngyen, Hoang Minh Thao, Vo, Duc Chien, Nguyen, Thai My Phuong, Tran, Trung Thanh, Vo, Thi Hanh Vi, Cao, Hao Nhien, Nguyen, Ba Thang, Le, Thi Ngoc Suong, La, Thien Duc, Pham, Chi Duc, and Thai, Huy
- Abstract
Early control of elevated blood pressure is the most promising treatment for acute intracerebral haemorrhage. We aimed to establish whether implementing a goal-directed care bundle incorporating protocols for early intensive blood pressure lowering and management algorithms for hyperglycaemia, pyrexia, and abnormal anticoagulation, implemented in a hospital setting, could improve outcomes for patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage.
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- 2023
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18. Effect of MWCNT on mechanical characterization of glass/carbon hybrid composites
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Swikker, K. Robinston Jeyasingh, Kanagasabapathy, H., and Neethi Manickam, I.
- Abstract
In this present study, the mechanical properties of Glass/Carbon hybrid composite reinforced with epoxy resin with and without multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were investigated. The composite under Experimental analysis were fabricated by using both Hand layup and Vacuum bag moulding processes. The main purpose of including MWCNT as a reinforcement material with epoxy is to reduce the existence of voids or cavities and to enhance the mechanical properties of Glass/Carbon hybrid composites. Because of their extraordinary mechanical properties and high aspect ratio, MWCNTs are considered to be ideal candidates for polymer reinforcement. The percentages of MWCNT selected for the study are 2%, 3% and 4% with the hybrid composites. The effect of MWCNT on mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, hardness and percentage of water absorption of the hybrid composites were determined as per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The result from the study shows that the mechanical properties of hybrid composites were improved with the addition of small amount of MWCNT than without MWCNT. The fractured specimen from Tensile test is examined by using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX)to study the alignment of the fibres, fibre-matrix adhesion, voids and filler agglomeration. This investigation provides proper guidelines to designers on enhancing mechanical properties of Glass/Carbon composite structures through MWCNT reinforcement for Aircraft structural components.
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- 2022
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19. An experimental evaluation of desalination unit with thermal energy storage basin bed using thermal insulation condition and without thermal insulation condition and analyzing the optimization of thermal parameters
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Selvaraj, P., Shajahan, S. Mohamed Iqbal, Kanagasabapathy, H., Ramesh, M. Srinivasagam, Michael, Jee Joe, Jafar, K. Syed, and Prabhu, P.
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- 2022
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20. Linear Cephalometric Analysis of Pharynx at the Level of Epiglottis among Snorers and Nonsnorers: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Rathod, Ravi, Devadoss, Vimal Joseph, Jadav, Baliram, Ninan, Reshmi Leila, Kanagasabapathy, B., Ramshad, A.R., Babu, J. Suresh, Swarnalatha, C., and Nayyar, Abhishek Singh
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- 2022
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21. Determination of phyto-moieties from the traditional therapeutic plant Boswellia serrata Roxb. extract against nosocomial pathogens: in vitro and silico approaches.
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Vakayil, Ramsi, Murugesan, Karthikeyan, Gnanasekaran, Ashok, Radhakrishnan, Anjuna, Ranjith, Mehenderkar, Bakthavatchalam, Pugazhandhi, Velmurugan, Palanivel, Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy, Arumugam, Natarajan, Almansour, Abdulrahman I., Kumar, Raju Suresh, Perumal, Karthikeyan, and Mathanmohun, Maghimaa
- Subjects
ACINETOBACTER baumannii ,MEDICINAL plants ,IMPACT ionization ,BOSWELLIA ,PLANT extracts ,HYDROGEN bonding interactions - Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the in vitro antibacterial activity of Boswellia serrata solvent extracts against multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogens isolated from skin and wound samples. B. serrata resin was acquired, and powdered; blended with five different extraction solvents. The collected bacterial isolates from wound and skin swabs were identified using biochemical profiling and classified according to their unique physiological and biochemical characteristics. Three isolated pathogens were exposed to antibiotic drugs via the disk dispersion assay, and the antimicrobial efficiency of the plant extract was assessed against the wound and skin infection-causing nosocomial bacterial pathogens. The qualitative and quantitative examination of plant extracts was carried out by mass spectra and 70 eV electron impact ionisation process. The 2D molecular interaction patterns between beta-lactamase protein and phytocompounds complexes were generated in DS viewer to understand the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Three antibiotic-resistant strains, Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Acinetobacter baumannii , were isolated and exposed to the extract of B. serrata. Plant extract at 60 µg proven effective against antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa , and A. baumannii. In molecular docking studies, it was found that out of the 15 bioactive compounds detected from the plant extract, only three showed significant binding affinity to the bacterial-lactamase protein (AmpC). The auto dock results revealed different crucial affinity values of the bioactive compounds. Cholan-24-oic acid, 3,12-bis(acetyloxy) showed a Dock score of −8.6 kcal/mol for P. aeruginosa , −8.1 kcal/mol for A. baumannii , and −7.6 kcal/mol for S. aureus. Due to its strong binding affinity with antibacterial target proteins, it exhibits exceptional antibacterial properties. The findings confirmed bioactive constituents in B. serrata , with antibacterial activity against antibiotic resistance nosocomial pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Linear cephalometric analysis of pharynx at the level of epiglottis among snorers and nonsnorers: A cross-sectional study
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Rathod, Ravi, Devadoss, Vimal, Jadav, Baliram, Ninan, Reshmi, Kanagasabapathy, B, Ramshad, A, Babu, J, Swarnalatha, C, and Nayyar, Abhishek
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- 2021
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23. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Illicium verumextract: Optimization and characterization for biomedical applications
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Velmurugan, Palanivel, Muruganandham, Moorthy, Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy, Mohanavel, Vinayagam, Chinnathambi, Arunachalam, Alharbi, Sulaiman Ali, and Basavegowda, Nagaraj
- Abstract
The synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles is currently experiencing substantial development and considerable attention. Plant extracts are commonly used for the biological synthesis of nanoparticles because they contain biologically active constituents. In our present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using an aqueous Illicium verum(Star anise) extract to evaluate their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities. For maximum yields of AgNPs, the extract (2.5 ml), silver ions (500 µM), and pH (8) were shown to be the ideal nanoparticle production parameters. The visual colour shifted from pale brown to dark brown when the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used to validate the synthesis of AgNPs. A transmission electron microscope was utilized to evaluate nanoparticles’ physical nature. The presence of silver metal with face-centred cubic symmetry was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the functional groups in charge of reducing silver ions (Ag+) and the stability of AgNPs produced using the I. verumaqueous extract. The agar well diffusion method investigated the antibacterial activity of I. verumsilver nanoparticles (Iv-AgNPs) against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. At higher doses (100 µg·mL−1), the highest zone of inhibition was observed, and spherical AgNPs demonstrated the antibacterial activity. The I. verumextract and Iv-AgNPs enhanced (70%) their free radical scavenging activity at 500 µg·mL−1according to the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of Iv-AgNPs against the HCT-116 human colon cancer cell line indicated cell inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. Ultimately, the findings of this study indicate that techniques used to produce AgNPs are environmental friendly, cost-effective, harmless, uncomplicated, and can effectively tackle a broad spectrum of medical and nutritional concerns.
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- 2024
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24. Antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity potential of synthesized silver nanoparticles from the Cassia alataleaf aqueous extract
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Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy, Sabarinathan, Shanmugam, Muruganandham, Moorthy, Velmurugan, Palanivel, Arumugam, Natarajan, Almansour, Abdulrahman I., Kumar, Raju Suresh, and Sivakumar, Subpiramaniyam
- Abstract
The current research focuses on the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis from the Cassia alataaqueous leaf extract. Various production parameters like pH (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10), metal ion concentration (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM), and substrate (leaf extract) concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mL) were optimized. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to identify the production by scanning the wavelength from 200 to 800 nm. Visual color change from light green to brown was designated as prior confirmation of the AgNP production. Physical characterization of AgNPs was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the obtained AgNPs show significant antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonassp. Klebsiellasp., Proteussp., and Enterobactersp. The antioxidant potential was determined by α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl assay and cytotoxicity by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay on human lung cancer cell lines (A549). AgNPs confirmed potent antibacterial activity against skin infections, demonstrating their medicinal significance and are therefore crucial for creating a medicinal formulation with antibacterial properties.
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- 2023
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25. Phytocrystallization of silver nanoparticles using Cassia alataflower extract for effective control of fungal skin pathogens
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Muruganandham, Moorthy, Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy, Velmurugan, Palanivel, Arumugam, Natarajan, Almansour, Abdulrahman I., Kumar, Raju Suresh, Mahalingam, Sakkarapalayam M., and Sivakumar, Subpiramaniyam
- Abstract
A feasible alternative to classic chemical synthesis, the phyto-mediated production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing aqueous flower petal extract of Cassia alataas a reducing agent is reported for the first time. Characterization of synthesized AgNPs was carried out using various techniques viz., ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The results of the FTIR research conducted in this study show different bond stretches with varying durations, which can be seen at various faraway points. AgNPs are mainly spherical and vary in size from 20 to 100 nm, according to TEM images. The highest X-ray energy surge, at 3 keV, is visible in the EDX spectrum. The XRD pattern showed that four diffraction peaks could be assigned to the 111, 200, 220, and 311 planes of the face-centered cubic crystalline silver, respectively, at 32.05, 46.27, 55.25, and 57.39°. Optimization of production parameters including pH, metal ion concentration, and substrate concentrations were studied. In addition, the bioactivity was evaluated against Trichophyton rubrum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Mucorsp. using the agar diffusion method. Furthermore, their antioxidant properties were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate assay and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power tests. MTT assay was performed using human fibroblast cell line (L929) to determine the cell viability and cytotoxicity through increased metabolism of the tetrazolium salt.
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- 2023
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26. Antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities of the aqueousextract of Syzygium aromaticum-mediated synthesized novel silver nanoparticles
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Muruganandham, Moorthy, Al-Otibi, Fatimah Oleyan, Alharbi, Raedah Ibrahim, Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy, Raja, Ramalingam Karthik, Velmurugan, Palanivel, and Basavegowda, Nagaraj
- Abstract
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant-based materials has seen a surge in recent years. This study used the Syzygium aromaticum(clove) buds extract as a reducing agent for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (Sa-AgNPs). The presence of Sa-AgNPs (440 nm) was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The optimization of nanoparticle production with pH, metal ions, and substrate concentration (clove extract) was studied. The transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that Sa-AgNPs had a size distribution predominantly below the range of 10–100 nm. The investigation of Sa-AgNPs using EDX revealed the presence of an optical absorption silver peak at 3 keV. The involvement of phenolic chemicals and carboxylic acids in stretching O–H, N–O, and C═O bonds, forming Sa-AgNPs has been identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Klebsiella pneumoniaeand Trichophyton rubrumexhibited a higher inhibition zone of 26 ± 0.48 mm and 21 ± 0.48 mm in antibacterial and antifungal activity, respectively. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl experiment, at a maximum concentration of 500 μg·mL−1, Sa-AgNPs exhibited a scavenging efficiency of 79.98%. Cytotoxicity was observed in the treated cells due to the presence of biologically synthesized Sa-AgNPs. An IC50value of 48 μg·mL−1was determined by treating L929 human fibroblast cells.
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- 2023
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