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This study is aimed to (1) develop an augmented reality-based immune system module for the eleven grade students of high school to be a proper learning media for them; (2) Identify the impact of using the augmented reality-based immune system module on the eleven grade students' learning performance. This study is classified as Research and Development study using ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model but limited only until the development stage. The subject of this study were two materials experts, two media experts, two biology teachers, and the students of XI MIPA Public Senior High School 1 Mejobo Kudus. The data were collected using assessment instruments of materials experts, media experts, biology teachers, and students and also pretest and post-test question sheets. The results of the assessments were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using SPPS. The results show that (1) the augmented reality-based immune system module is stated as a proper media to be used in the teaching and learning process. It was based on the assessments from the materials experts with the average value of 48.5 categorized as good, the media experts with an average value of 43.5 categorized as good, and from the biology teachers with the average value of 46 categorized as good; (2) the Augmented reality-based immune system module has an impact on improving the students' learning performance on the topic of the immune system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to obtain the optimum extraction conditions by performing the optimization of temperature and extraction time and characterization of constituent chemical components of cuciwis (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. alba Alef) from Tegal, Central Java, Indonesia. Extraction temperature, extraction time and liquid (water) to solid ratio were optimized in order to extract antioxidant phenolic compounds from extracts of cuciwis kubis. The quality of the extract is influenced by the procedures utilized in the extraction process. Polyphenolic chemicals, carotenoids, and vitamins are natural antioxidants found in plants that have pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral. The yield, antioxidant activity (DPPH), and total phenol of cuciwis (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba Alef) extracts were all tested. The aim of the research was to determine the best temperature and time for hexane-based reflux extraction. The modeling methodology used the surface response method (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD). Result in this study In the solution's results, the antioxidant activity by reducing radicals in cabbage washes was discovered to be 27.848 percent (Table 4). Based on the study, cabbage washes had a total phenol concentration of 3,788 mg/g. The results of this study are in line with previous research, which suggests that eliciting total phenol concentration at temperatures below 50 °C increases total phenol concentration, phenol absorption at 33.85-50 degrees Celsius with an extraction time of 3 hours. Therefore, the findings in this study support the extraction, The best results were obtained after 3 hours at 33.85°C: 18,585, 27,848 % DPPH radical scavenging, and 3,788 mg/g total phenol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic has not been resolved responsively by all Indonesian citizens. Therefore, education about the importance of reducing spread of Covid-19 virus must be carried out proactively. This research aims to; (1) develop covid-19 pandemic socialization and mitigation model for the community; (2) know the feasibility of covid-19 pandemic socialization and mitigation model for the community; and (3) analyze the effectiveness of covid-19 pandemic socialization and mitigation model for the community. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta, with a Research and Development approach with a 4-D main stage development model, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The application of the main steps in the research is not only tracing the original version but according to the characteristic of the subject and the place of origin of the examinee. In addition, the model that is followed is adjusted to the needs of development in the field. The data obtained in this research were respondents responses during limited-scale trials. The indicator of research success is increased knowledge and participation of the community in preventing Covid-19 outbreak which was seen after the research took place. The results are; (1) pocket book and educational animation have been produced as model instruments for the socialization and mitigation of Covid-19 pandemic; (2) the model instruments for the socialization and mitigation of Covid-19 pandemic are declared appropriate by media experts as well as content experts to be tested in the community; and (3) a model for the socialization and mitigation of Covid-19 pandemic that was developed is effective to increase knowledge and disaster response attitude of the Yogyakarta Community towards the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning model with by Augmented Reality media to enhance critical thinking skills on the subject of sensory systems in online learning. The research was implemented on class XI MIPA students at SMAN 2 Sleman, Yogyakarta. The indicators of critical thinking skills used in the research instrument are in accordance with those proposed proposed by Ennis. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design and used simple random sampling technique. The instrument for measuring critical thinking skills is a technical test in the form of a 10-item essay. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. The results showed that the Problem Based Learning model with by Augmented Reality learning media was effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills with an N-gain value of 0.66 which was classified as moderate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]