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Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) is one of the most serious pathogens harming M. salmoides juvenile, which had brought huge economic losses to farming industry. Studies involving candidate genes to the clinical diseases, however, are limited. In this study, the viral target and clinical manifestation of MSRV on M. salmoides juvenile were analyzed, and the protective effects of a single immune enhancer and a compound immune enhancer were evaluated. The results showed that the brain, liver, intestine and muscle of M. salmoides showed obvious lesions after infection with MSRV. The relative expression levels of nucleoprotein (N) and matrix protein (M) genes showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing and reached the peak in each tissue at 36 h post-infection. The mortality rate of M. salmoides was over 90% after 7 days of MSRV infection. The immune enhancers containing free nucleotides and Astragalus polysaccharide added to the diet effectively inhibited the replication of N and M genes in M. salmoides and increased the survival rate by 25% to 28%. This study provided basic data and theoretical reference for the analysis of the pathological mechanism and prevention and treatment of MSRV.

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is one of the key instruments on the recently launched NOAA-21 (previously known as JPSS-2) satellite. The VIIRS, like its predecessors on the SNPP and NOAA-20 satellites, provides daily global coverage in 22 spectral bands from 412 nm to 12 μm. The geometrically and radiometrically calibrated observations are the basis for many operational applications and scientific research studies. A total of 14 of the 22 bands are reflective solar bands (RSBs), covering photon wavelengths from 412 nm to 2.25 μm. The RSBs were radiometrically calibrated prelaunch and have been regularly calibrated on orbit through the onboard solar diffuser (SD) and scheduled lunar observations. The on-orbit SD’s reflectance change is determined by the onboard solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM). We review the calibration algorithms and present the early mission performance of the NASA N21 VIIRS RSBs. Using the calibration data collected at both the yaw maneuver and regular times, we derive the screen transmittance functions. The visible and near-infrared bands’ radiometric gains have been stable, nearly independent of time, and so were the radiometric gains of the shortwave-infrared bands after the second mid-mission outgassing. Further, we assess the Earth-view striping observed in the immediate prior collection (Collection 2.0) and apply a previously developed algorithm to mitigate the striping. The N21 VIIRS RSB detector signal-to-noise ratios are all above the design values with large margins. Finally, the uncertainties of the retrieved Earth-view top-of-the-atmosphere spectral reflectance factors at the respective typical spectral radiance levels are estimated to be less than 1.5% for all the RSBs, except band M11 whose reflectance factor uncertainty is 2.2%.

Summary: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors have essential roles in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Previously, we identified an evolutionarily conserved protein, NRAP-1, that is required for NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function in C. elegans. Here, we demonstrate that NRAP-1 was sufficient to gate NMDARs and greatly enhanced glutamate-mediated NMDAR gating, thus conferring coincident activation properties to the NMDAR. Intriguingly, vertebrate NMDARs—and chimeric NMDARs where the amino-terminal domain (ATD) of C. elegans NMDARs was replaced by the ATD from vertebrate receptors—were spontaneously active when ectopically expressed in C. elegans neurons. Thus, the ATD is a primary determinant of NRAP-1- and glutamate-mediated gating of NMDARs. We determined the crystal structure of NRAP-1 at 1.9-Å resolution, which revealed two distinct domains positioned around a central low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain. The NRAP-1 structure, combined with chimeric and mutational analyses, suggests a model where the three NRAP-1 domains work cooperatively to modify the gating of NMDARs.

The surface of nano-TiO2 was modified by a silane coupling agent KH570, and the photosensitive resin was modified by blending the modified nano-TiO2 with three-dimensional (3D) printing light-curing resin. The modified nano-TiO2 powder was characterized by infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction, contact angle test, and scanning electron microscope. The effects of different content of modified TiO2 on the viscosity, curing shrinkage, tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, thermal stability, and cross-section morphology of 3D printing photosensitive resin were studied. The results showed that the mechanical properties of epoxy resin were improved obviously after surface modification with a silane coupling agent. When the mass fraction of TiO2 was 1.5%, the mechanical properties of the molded parts were the best. The tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation at break were increased by 51.1, 43.8, and 10.8%, respectively, and the hardness value was maintained at 81–83 HD. The addition of modified TiO2 can improve the heat resistance of the epoxy resin. When the amount of TiO2 is 1.5%, the T 50%, T max, and carbon residue rate of the epoxy resin are increased by 3.44°C, 6.34°C, and 25.3%, respectively.

Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the international development pattern, the international environment has undergone profound changes. Enterprises, as the main body of activities on the front line of production and operation and the main battlefield of market competition, are facing various risk challenges. In both domestic and international markets, these challenges are becoming increasingly complex for businesses to navigate. For theoretical research, the impact of organizational change on employee innovation performance has become a key issue in organizational behavior and human resource management research. However, the influence mechanism of organizational change on employee innovation performance is still unclear. In this study, we examine whether, how, and when organizational change increases employee innovation performance in accordance with job demands-resource theory, as well as the effect of work pressure and work engagement on employee innovation performance. Data from 289 employees at three time points are examined. The results show that: (1) Organizational change negatively affects employee innovation performance through work pressure, i.e., work pressure mediates the impact of organizational change on employee innovation performance. (2) Organizational change positively affects employee innovation performance through work engagement, i.e., work engagement mediates the impact of organizational change on employee innovation performance. (3) Organizational identity plays a moderating role between organizational change and work pressure and work engagement, respectively, and there is a moderating effect in the process of mediation of work pressure and work engagement. The findings of this study provide important insights into how and when organizational change influences employee innovation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regulation of gibberellic acid 2-oxidase (GA2ox) gene expression represents a critical mechanism in the modulation of endogenous gibberellic acids (GAs) levels, thereby exerting an influence on plant height. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the GA2ox gene family in mango (Mangifera indica L.), a species of significant economic importance, with the aim of identifying potential candidate genes for mango dwarf breeding. Our findings delineated the presence of at least 14 members within the MiGA2ox gene family in the mango genome, which were further categorized into three subfamilies: C19-GA2ox-I, C19-GA2ox-II, and C20-GA2ox-I. Notably, MiGA2ox12, a member of the C19-GA2ox-II subfamily, exhibited substantial expression across various tissues, including roots, bark, leaves, and flowers. Through overexpression of the MiGA2ox12 gene in tobacco, a distinct dwarf phenotype was observed alongside reduced levels of GA1 and GA4, while the knockout line exhibited contrasting traits. This provides evidence suggesting that MiGA2ox12 may exert control over plant height by modulating GA content. Consequently, the MiGA2ox12 gene emerges as a promising candidate for facilitating advancements in mango dwarfing techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, tourism and leisure districts have become a pivotal aspect of China's tourism development. Analyzing their spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors is essential for fostering comprehensive district tourism and promoting sustainable development, while also facilitating the profound integration of culture and tourism. This study undertakes a thorough investigation of the spatiotemporal patterns of national-level tourism and leisure districts in China, employing GIS spatial statistical analysis techniques, including the Average Nearest-Neighbor Index, Kernel Density Analysis, and Standard Deviation Ellipse. Additionally, this research identifies the principal driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of these districts through overlay analysis, buffer analysis, and geographic detectors. The findings reveal that (1) tourism and leisure districts exhibit a notable spatial clustering pattern, characterized by a predominance in the eastern regions and scarcity in the west, alongside a higher concentration in the south compared to the north, with a gradual decline in spatial density. (2) High-density tourism and leisure districts are predominantly located in the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomerations, while regions of elevated density are situated in the southwest (notably in Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and Yunnan provinces). The centroids of the first to third batches of tourism and leisure districts have transitioned from southern to northern locations. (3) The population density factor exhibits the most substantial explanatory power regarding the distribution of tourism and leisure districts (q: 0.80528), followed by the added value of the tertiary industry (q: 0.53285), whereas the slope factor shows minimal influence (q: 0.00876). Furthermore, the distance to rivers of grade three and above, in conjunction with population density, constitutes the primary factor combination influencing the spatial configuration of tourism and leisure districts (q: 0.9101). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The connections between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance, making it a focal point in cancer theragnosis. This review provides a panorama of associations and regulation pathways between CSCs and EMT, highlighting their significance in cancer. The molecular mechanisms underlined EMT are thoroughly explored, including the involvement of key transcription factors and signaling pathways. In addition, the roles of CSCs and EMT in tumor biology and therapy resistance, is further examined in this review. The clinical implications of CSCs-EMT interplay are explored, including identifying mesenchymal-state CSC subpopulations using advanced research methods and developing targeted therapies such as inhibitors and combination treatments. Overall, understanding the reciprocal relationship between EMT and CSCs holds excellent potential for informing the development of personalized therapies and ultimately improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under full‐air conditions accelerates their scalable production and industrialization. However, ambient moisture interacts with perovskites during the film formation that disturbs their crystallization and triggers structural imperfections. Here, a formamidine (FA) active addition reaction (FAAR) strategy is devised to intercept the deleterious chemical coordination. The simultaneous incorporation of 2, 6‐bis(aminomethyl)pyridine (BAMPy) molecule into tin oxide surface and perovskite bulk ameliorates the interface contact and film interior. It is found that the tail amino group from BAMPy selectively reacts with FA cation, occupying A site of perovskite crystals, increasing binding energy of perovskite with H2O molecule even in a defective surface, thereby strengthening moisture tolerance. This strategy effectively modifies perovskite crystallization in ambient air, favors structural uniformity, and forms the compressive‐strained films. The FAAR‐modified PSC devices fabricated under full‐air conditions deliver the highest efficiencies of 24.11% and 21.68% with aperture areas of 0.06 and 1 cm2, respectively. The favorable moisture impediment property contributes to perovskite crystallization enhancement and structural uniformity, maintaining 90.8% of their initial performance for the encapsulated devices after 2400 h storage under accelerating damp‐heat measurements (85 °C and 85% relative humidity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible perovskite solar cells (f‐PSCs) have drawn widespread interest owing to their distinguished advantages in excellent flexibility and relatively low cost. However, the brittle grain boundaries (GBs) and defects in flexible perovskite film tremendously influence the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and mechanical flexibility of f‐PSCs. Herein, photothermal welding, a novel method, is used to improve the perovskite films quality and the PCE of f‐PSCs with a near‐infrared (NIR) dye (indocyanine green, ICG) and polycaprolactone (PCL) as additives. Due to the strong photothermal effect, ICG molecule not only can significantly enhance NIR light harvesting, but it also can weld GBs upon exposure to an NIR laser, which is conducive to the GBs connections and device flexibility. Meanwhile, the S═O bond of ICG and C═O bond of PCL can simultaneously coordinate with Pb2+ defects in perovskite. Furthermore, they can control crystal growth to form a smooth surface of perovskite film. Consequently, the unencapsulated PSCs based on ICG/PCL displays a high champion PCE of 20.62%, with 88.4% of the original PCE after being placed in dark conditions for 600 h. The f‐PSCs delivers a champion PCE of 19.55% and exhibits excellent mechanical stability, thus providing a meaningful scientific direction to fabricate high‐flexible f‐PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorganic dielectric films have attracted extensive attention in the field of microelectronic and electrical devices because of their wide operating temperature range, small size, and easy integration. Here, we designed and prepared eco-friendly (1-x)Bi0.45Na0.45Ba0.1TiO3-xBi(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 multifunctional ferroelectric thin films for energy storage and photovoltaic. The results show that Bi(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 can effectively improve the energy storage performance. At x = 0.05, the energy storage density and efficiency are as high as 73.1 J/cm3 and 86.2%, respectively, and can operate stably in a wide temperature range. The breakdown field strength of the thin films increased significantly, and the analysis showed that the addition of Bi(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 caused a change in the internal conduction mechanism. At the same time, the generation of polar nanoregions increases the relaxation characteristics, thus improving the energy storage properties. In addition, the thin film material also has excellent ferroelectric photovoltaic properties. This work represents a new design paradigm that can serve as an effective strategy for developing advanced multi-functional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of education level and the downturn of economic situation, employment competition is intensifying, more and more high-quality talents appear, and the misfit between people and posts has become a common phenomenon. However, there is no consensus on the relationship between perceived overqualification and employee creativity. Based on the conservation of resource theory, this study reveals the micro mechanism and boundary conditions of the influence of excessive qualification on employee creativity. This study analyzed 487 valid samples obtained in three stages. The results show that: (1) Job crafting has a positive mediating effect on perceived overqualification and creativity, and the path of the two halves is positive; (2) Work withdrawal behavior plays a negative mediating role between the perceived overqualification and creativity. The path in the first half is positive, and the path in the second half is negative; (3) Organizational identity moderates the effect of perceived overqualification on job crafting and work withdrawal behavior. Specifically, the higher the sense of organizational identification, the stronger the positive effect of perceived overqualification on job crafting and the weaker the positive effect on work withdrawal behavior; (4) Organizational identification moderates the mediating role of job crafting and work withdrawal behavior in the relationship between overqualification and creativity. Specifically, the higher the organizational identity, the stronger the indirect positive effect of perceived overqualification on creativity through job crafting, and the weaker the indirect negative impact of perceived overqualification on creativity through work withdrawal behavior. The study conclusion deepens the research on the mechanism of the influence of the perceived overqualification on employees' work behavior, and provides practical enlightenment for the organization and management of employees with excess qualification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the buried interface between the electron transfer layer (ETL) and perovskite (PVK) layer profoundly affects the charge carrier transfer efficiency, which has significant implications for the efficiency and long‐term stability of the device. Herein, an organic chemical compound 4,6‐diamino‐2‐mercaptosine (DMP) is incorporated into the ETL/PVK interface in order to optimize the interfacial performance through a hydrogen bond bridging junction. DMP is tightly anchored to the ETL surface by forming the intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the structure as N─H∙∙∙N. This bridge connection is beneficial for enhancing the interface contact, further restraining severe nonradiative charge recombination. Synchronously, the interaction of ─SH with uncoordinated Pb2+ passivates the defects on the bottom layer of perovskite, further regulating the perovskite crystal growth. Overall, the results express that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs based on the DMP interface has significantly increased to 21.65% without obvious hysteresis. Meanwhile, the unencapsulated modified devices show superior environmental stability, maintaining over 85% of their initial PCE even after 500 h in an atmospheric environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]