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Accessible Summary What Is Known on the Subject What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge What Are the Implications for Practice Introduction Methods Findings Discussion Conclusion Following their experience, patients with physical restraints often experienced traumatic sensations. The experiences of healthcare professionals' (HCPs') are primarily concerned with moral distress or conflicts between loyalty to the treatment and oppression of the patient's freedom when implementing RIs. Improving the competency of HCPs can help establish therapeutic relationships rooted in compassionate care and facilitate appropriate assessments to determine whether and how often RIs are necessary. Furthermore, fostering an environment that guarantees patient safety and dignity, assuring a sufficient staffing ratio, and providing opportunities to share RI experiences can help improve the quality of care and build safe environments for RIs. Effective interaction between HCPs and patients, thorough patient assessment, and compassionate patient care may improve competency of HCPs intervene RIs procedures. Creating a safe therapeutic environment, including improvements to structural environments, increasing the staff‐to‐patient ratio, establishing organizational policies that guarantee staff debriefing, provide emotional support, provide appropriate training programs to HCPs to their coping skills during RIs also reduce the use of RIs and improve the quality of mental health care. Restrictive interventions (RIs) are used in psychiatric inpatient units for ensuring safety. However, few studies have comprehensively reviewed physical restraint and seclusion experiences from the perspectives of both patients and healthcare professionals' (HCPs'). This study aims to gain an in‐depth understanding of the RI experiences of mental health inpatients and HCPs.A meta‐synthesis was undertaken of qualitative studies exploring the RI experiences. Five electronic databases were searched and additional manual searches were performed for studies published within the last decade. Twelve articles were included, and a thematic analysis was conducted. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist was used to assess data quality.Two main subthemes were identified: ‘Competency of HCPs’ (three subthemes: interaction between patients and HCPs, assessment methods, and care) and ‘systems’ (three subthemes: environment, protocols with training, and debriefing), including both positive and negative experiences.The Competency of HCPs and the ward environment are critical factors related to patients' unmet needs. Effective interactions between HCPs and patients, thorough patient assessments, and compassionate patient care are important elements of RI implementation.An environment that guarantees safety and care with dignity, sufficient staffing ratios, and opportunities to share RI experiences may improve quality of care and create safe environments for RIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutations in the Microrchidia CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) GHKL ATPase module cause a broad range of neuropathies, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z; however, the aetiology and therapeutic strategy are not fully understood. Previously, we reported that the Morc2a p.S87L mouse model exhibited neuropathy and muscular dysfunction through DNA damage accumulation. In the present study, we analysed the gene expression of Morc2a p.S87L mice and designated the primary causing factor. We investigated the pathological pathway using Morc2a p.S87L mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human fibroblasts harbouring MORC2 p.R252W. We subsequently assessed the therapeutic effect of gene therapy administered to Morc2a p.S87L mice. This study revealed that Morc2a p.S87L causes a protein synthesis defect, resulting in the loss of function of Morc2a and high cellular apoptosis induced by high hydroxyl radical levels. We considered the Morc2a GHKL ATPase domain as a therapeutic target because it simultaneously complements hydroxyl radical scavenging and ATPase activity. We used the adeno-associated virus (AAV)-PHP.eB serotype, which has a high CNS transduction efficiency, to express Morc2a or Morc2a GHKL ATPase domain protein in vivo. Notably, AAV gene therapy ameliorated neuropathy and muscular dysfunction with a single treatment. Loss-of-function characteristics due to protein synthesis defects in Morc2a p.S87L were also noted in human MORC2 p.S87L or p.R252W variants, indicating the correlation between mouse and human pathogenesis. In summary, CMT2Z is known as an incurable genetic disorder, but the present study demonstrated its mechanisms and treatments based on established animal models. This study demonstrates that the Morc2a p.S87L variant causes hydroxyl radical-mediated neuropathy, which can be rescued through AAV-based gene therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the effects of meaning-in-life intervention on meaning in life, quality of life, spiritual well-being, anxiety, and depression in advanced cancer patients. Databases, including Ovid Medline, Cochrane, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Embase, were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials based on predefined criteria. Seven studies were included. Meta-analysis was performed for five studies, involving 718 patients with advanced cancer. The meta-analysis revealed no significant effects of the meaning-in-life intervention on spiritual well-being, depression, and anxiety of advanced cancer patients. The insufficient number of studies and risk of bias limit the strength of the conclusions. Therefore, further studies with larger sample sizes and methodologically rigorous designs are required to evaluate the effects of meaning-in-life interventions for advanced cancer patients. Our findings can support a better understanding of the need to study meaning-in-life interventions in advanced cancer patients and foster sustained attention to recognize meaning-in-life interventions as an effective method in healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT) and related diseases are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of peripheral neuropathies. Particularly, mutations in several aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase (ARS) genes have been reported to cause axonal CMT (CMT2) or distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN). However, the common pathogenesis among CMT subtypes by different ARS gene defects is not well understood. This study was performed to investigate ARS gene mutations in a CMT cohort of 710 Korean families. Whole‐exome sequencing was applied to 710 CMT patients who were negative for PMP22 duplication. We identified 12 disease‐causing variants (from 13 families) in GARS1, AARS1, HARS1, WARS1, and YARS1 genes. Seven variants were determined to be novel. The frequency of overall ARS gene mutations was 1.22% among all independent patients diagnosed with CMT and 1.83% in patients negative for PMP22 duplication. WARS1 mutations have been reported to cause dHMN; however, in our patients with WARS1 variants, CMT was associated with sensory involvement. We analyzed genotype‐phenotype correlations and expanded the phenotypic spectrum of patients with CMT possessing ARS gene variants. We also characterized clinical phenotypes according to ARS genes. This study will be useful for performing exact molecular and clinical diagnoses and providing reference data for other population studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Nurses face mental health issues like emotional labor, stress, and depression, increasing the risk of medical errors. This study assesses the mental health and medical errors among nurses in Korean medicine clinics in South Korea., Methods: The cross-sectional analysis involved 83 nurses, examining relationships between emotional labor, stress, depression, cognitive failure, Hwa-byung (HB) (a syndrome of suppressed anger in Korean culture), and medical errors. It identified factors associated with HB and medical errors using multiple regression analysis, presenting their odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)., Results: The findings revealed a current HB prevalence of 19.28% and a 6-month medical error prevalence of 16.87% among participants. The regression analysis showed that higher levels of depression (OR = 1.368, 95% CI = 1.098 to 1.703, p = 0.005), cognitive failure (OR = 1.072, 95% CI = 1.011 to 1.136, p = 0.020), and HB trait (OR = 1.136, 95% CI = 1.005 to 1.284, p = 0.041) significantly correlated with HB presence., Conclusion: This groundbreaking study on this previously under-researched nurse workforce highlights the critical need for comprehensive mental health care, with the objective of significantly enhancing their mental well-being and improving their overall work environment., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Chan-Young Kwon has been an editorial board member of Journal of Pharmacopuncture since 2022 but has no role in the decision to publish this article. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this aricle were reported., (© 2024 Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute.)

Mutations in the Microrchidia CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) GHKL ATPase module cause a broad range of neuropathies, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z; however, the aetiology and therapeutic strategy are not fully understood. Previously, we reported that the Morc2a p.S87L mouse model exhibited neuropathy and muscular dysfunction through DNA damage accumulation. In the present study, we analysed the gene expression of Morc2a p.S87L mice and designated the primary causing factor. We investigated the pathological pathway using Morc2a p.S87L mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human fibroblasts harbouring MORC2 p.R252W. We subsequently assessed the therapeutic effect of gene therapy administered to Morc2a p.S87L mice. This study revealed that Morc2a p.S87L causes a protein synthesis defect, resulting in the loss of function of Morc2a and high cellular apoptosis induced by high hydroxyl radical levels. We considered the Morc2a GHKL ATPase domain as a therapeutic target because it simultaneously complements hydroxyl radical scavenging and ATPase activity. We used the adeno-associated virus (AAV)-PHP.eB serotype, which has a high CNS transduction efficiency, to express Morc2a or Morc2a GHKL ATPase domain protein in vivo. Notably, AAV gene therapy ameliorated neuropathy and muscular dysfunction with a single treatment. Loss-of-function characteristics due to protein synthesis defects in Morc2a p.S87L were also noted in human MORC2 p.S87L or p.R252W variants, indicating the correlation between mouse and human pathogenesis. In summary, CMT2Z is known as an incurable genetic disorder, but the present study demonstrated its mechanisms and treatments based on established animal models. This study demonstrates that the Morc2a p.S87L variant causes hydroxyl radical-mediated neuropathy, which can be rescued through AAV-based gene therapy., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)