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Background: Childbirth is considered a critical experience in a woman's life when she needs mental adaptation and reorganization of relationships. Factors such as personality and self-perception can help facing and solving crises. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality types and stress resilience among pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 210 multiparous and nulliparous pregnant women who were 32–37 weeks pregnant and referred to Shiraz medical hospitals for delivery selected via convenience sampling. Data collection tools were personal and midwifery information questionnaires and the Goldberg personality and visual pain assessment scale that were completed through interviews. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software using descriptive tests to describe the data and the Pearson correlation test to analyze the data. Results: The highest personality type was conscientiousness (48.1%) and the lowest was extraversion (2.4%). Maternal resilience had a significant positive relationship with extraversion (p=.001) and conscientiousness (p=.001). There was no significant relationship between the 2 variables of neuroticism and maternal resilience (p=.12). There was a significant positive relationship between the 2 variables of openness to experience and maternal resilience (p=.005). Conclusion: Women's healthcare providers can help to mitigate the negative effects of psychological distress, and psychologically empower this vulnerable group by considering the resilience and personality type of pregnant women during prenatal care. Resumen: Antecedentes: El parto se considera una experiencia crítica en la vida de una mujer cuando necesita adaptación mental y reorganización de las relaciones. Factores como la personalidad y la autopercepción pueden ayudar a afrontar y resolver las crisis. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación entre los tipos de personalidad y la resiliencia al estrés entre mujeres embarazadas. Materiales y métodos: Este fue un estudio transversal en 210 mujeres embarazadas multíparas y nulíparas que tenían entre 32 y 37 semanas de embarazo y remitidas a hospitales médicos de Shiraz para el parto, seleccionadas mediante muestreo por conveniencia. Las herramientas de recolección de datos fueron cuestionarios de información personal y de partería y la escala de evaluación visual del dolor y la personalidad de Goldberg que se completaron mediante entrevistas. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el software SPSS utilizando pruebas descriptivas para describir los datos y la prueba de correlación de Pearson para analizar los datos. Resultados: El tipo de personalidad más alto fue la escrupulosidad (48,1%) y el más bajo la extraversión (2,4%). La resiliencia materna tuvo una relación positiva significativa con la extraversión (p = 0,001) y la escrupulosidad (p = 0,001). No hubo relación significativa entre las dos variables de neuroticismo y resiliencia materna (p = 0,12). Hubo una relación positiva significativa entre las dos variables de apertura a la experiencia y resiliencia materna (p = 0,005). Conclusión: Los proveedores de atención médica para mujeres pueden ayudar a mitigar los efectos negativos de la angustia psicológica y empoderar psicológicamente a este grupo vulnerable al considerar la resiliencia y el tipo de personalidad de las mujeres embarazadas durante la atención prenatal.

Introduction: Postpartum home visits have yielded conflicting results. One of the challenges in this field is the implementation of effective training to support mothers after giving birth to investigate the problems of exclusive breastfeeding. The present study was performed with aim to investigate the impact of home visits by midwives on the amount of breastfeeding problems after delivery. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 100 mothers who gave birth in Flowerjan Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2018. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=50 in each group). The control group received routine postpartum care through health centers and the intervention group received training in 4 sessions (in the early postpartum period up to 42 days after birth) at home. The data collection tool was a demographic and breast problems questionnaire which was completed in mothers' homes. Data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 22) and independent t-test and paired t-test. P0.05). The frequency of fissure on the third day was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (P0.05). There was no fissure in any of the two groups on the forty-second day. Conclusion: Practical advice and support on breastfeeding techniques by trained midwives may result in greater transfer of skills and reduced fissure and engorgement.

Abstract Objective The goal of this study is to demonstrate the utility of a growth assay to quantify the functional impact of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in SLC2A1, the gene responsible for Glut1DS. Methods The functional impact of 40 SNVs in SLC2A1 was quantitatively determined in HAP1 cells in which SLC2A1 is required for growth. Donor libraries were introduced into the endogenous SLC2A1 gene in HAP1‐Lig4KO cells using CRISPR/Cas9. Cell populations were harvested and sequenced to quantify the effect of variants on growth and generate a functional score. Quantitative functional scores were compared to 3‐OMG uptake, SLC2A1 cell surface expression, CADD score, and clinical data, including CSF/blood glucose ratio. Results Nonsense variants (N = 3) were reduced in cell culture over time resulting in negative scores (mean score: −1.15 ± 0.17), whereas synonymous variants (N = 10) were not depleted (mean score: 0.25 ± 0.12) (P

Aim: The Personality traits of pregnant women and their husbands is related to their attitudes towards labor and the type of delivery. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Personality traits and labor characteristics (pain intensity, and type of delivery) among multiparous and nulliparous women. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 multiparous and nulliparous women, selected via convenience sampling, who were 37–42 weeks pregnant and have referred to Shiraz hospitals for delivery. Data collection tools were a personal and midwifery information questionnaire, Goldberg’s big-five personality scale, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain that were completed through interviews. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive tests to describe the data and Pearson correlation test to analyze them. Results: Most women (190, 90.5%) had normal delivery and (129, 61.4%) experienced the highest pain level (VAS=10). There was no significant relationship between Personality traitss and pain intensity variable. There was a significant positive relationship between extraversion and type of delivery (p = 0.036). Other Personality traits had no significant relationship with the type of delivery. Conclusion: Personality traits have not been studied in terms of pregnancy and birth outcomes compared to other health outcomes. Such research can help professionals and physicians design and target programs that best fit the demographic characteristics they may need, such as those with high extroversion. Resumen: Objetivo: Los rasgos de personalidad de las mujeres embarazadas y sus maridos está relacionado con sus actitudes hacia el trabajo de parto y el tipo de parto. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación entre los rasgos de personalidad y las características del parto (intensidad del dolor y tipo de parto) entre mujeres multíparas y nulíparas. Materiales y Métodos: Este estudio transversal se realizó en 210 mujeres multíparas y nulíparas, seleccionadas mediante muestreo por conveniencia, que tenían entre 37 y 42 semanas de embarazo y fueron referidas a hospitales de Shiraz para el parto. Las herramientas de recopilación de datos fueron un cuestionario de información personal y de partería, la escala de personalidad de los cinco grandes de Goldberg y la escala analógica visual (VAS) de dolor que se completaron a través de entrevistas. Los datos fueron analizados por el software SPSS utilizando pruebas descriptivas para describir los datos y la prueba de correlación de Pearson para analizarlos. Resultados: La mayoría de las mujeres (190, 90,5%) tuvieron parto normal y (129, 61,4%) experimentaron el mayor nivel de dolor (EVA=10). No hubo relación significativa entre los rasgos de personalidad y la variable intensidad del dolor. Hubo una relación positiva significativa entre la extraversión y el tipo de parto (p = 0,036). Otros rasgos de personalidad no tuvieron relación significativa con el tipo de parto. Conclusión: Los rasgos de personalidad no se han estudiado en términos de resultados del embarazo y el parto en comparación con otros resultados de salud. Dicha investigación puede ayudar a los profesionales y médicos a diseñar y orientar los programas que mejor se adapten a las características demográficas que puedan necesitar, como aquellos con una gran extroversión.

Background & aim: Hormonal disorders may be associated with a variety of menstrual disorders that can have different health consequences and are an indicator women’s gynecologic health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of sexhormones of the menstrual cycle related to the menstrual cycle intervals in girls aged 9-18 years.Methods: In this two-stage cross-sectional study, 2000 girls aged 9-18 years old in first stage were selected conveniently from four districts of Shiraz, Iran in cluster form in 2015, and their pattern of menarche age (early, normal, late) was determined. In the second stage, 50 students with normal menarche and 12 students with late menarche were selected and each completed a questionnaireincluding demographic characteristics, Hygam chart and menstrual bleeding characteristics (using Smith-Di Giulio criterion) questionnaire. Their hormones including TSH, Prolactin, FSH, DHEAS and Testosterone were also measured.Results: The highest frequency of age was 16 years (40.3%) and the lowest was 17 years old (8.1%). The results of one-way analysis of variance between different hormones and menstrual cycle interval showed that there is a significant relationshipbetween TSH (P=0.03), Prolactin (P=0.002) and menstrual intervals. But no significant relationship was seen between LH (P=0.63), FSH (P=0.08), DHEAS (P=0.82), Testosterone (P=0.703) and menstrual intervals.Conclusion: TSH and prolactin disorders are the most common hormonal disorders in girls with menstrual disorders. It is recommended to check these hormones in girls with various menstrual disorders after eliminating structural disorders and before starting different treatments for menstrual disorders

Objective Menopause symptoms have significant negative effects on the quality of life of women and vindicate the need for evaluating various therapeutic options. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Vitex Agnus-Castus (VAC) extract on hot flushes, night sweats, sleep disorders, and some other symptoms in postmenopausal women. Methods This study was a double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial on 66 postmenopausal women selected via convenience sampling from among women referred to the Namazi Clinic in Shiraz, Iran. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of VAC extract (n=33) and placebo (n=33). Menopause symptoms were evaluated using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and 12 weeks after the intervention. Results After the intervention, the total MRS score was significantly lower for women taking VAC compared to women taking placebo (9.9±5.2 verses 20.1 ±9.5, p<0.001). Significant improvements were found in all MRS domains except for physical and mental exhaustion, urinary incontinence and vaginal dryness. Sleep was also significantly improved for women taking VAC (6.3±1.8) compared to placebo (10.6±4.1) (p<0.001). Other significant improvements were found in physical, psychological and urogenital outcomes. Conclusion Due to low cost and ease of use, VAC extract can be used as a phytoestrogen to reduce the severity of physical and psychological symptoms and the need for chemical drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]