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6. Institutional acknowledgement of the chosen trauma in the background of its denial: A field experiment across conflicting groups.

Author

Andrighetto, Luca, Halabi, Samer, Kosic, Ankica, Petrović, Nebojša, Prelić, Nedim, Pecini, Chiara, and Nadler, Arie

Subjects
WOUNDS & injuries, RESEARCH funding, TRUST, HOPE
Abstract

Reconciliation research revealed that the institutional acknowledgement of the group's sufferings does not always improve fractured intergroup relations. To get a better understanding of this issue, through a field experiment we explored whether its effectiveness could be dependent on the collective background against which it is provided. That is, we involved citizens (N = 975) from societies entrapped in recent or ongoing conflicts (i.e., Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Palestinian, Israel) and examined the effects of the institutional acknowledgement of a chosen trauma when its denial by the majority (vs. minority) of outgroup members was made salient. Results revealed that the salience of the acknowledgement was effective in increasing the trust towards outgroup representatives. Instead, such an acknowledgement was ineffective in improving people's willingness to reconcile and hope for change, which was mainly dependent on the levels of denial by outgroup members. However, for these latter variables, relevant differences emerged depending on the conflictual versus post‐conflictual context. Implications of our findings for intergroup reconciliation are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. The needs-based model of reconciliation: How identity restoration processes can contribute to more harmonious and equal social relations

Author

Gawronski, Bertram, Gawronski, B ( Bertram ), Shnabel, Nurit; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2994-6759, Ullrich, Johannes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0471-7004, Nadler, Arie; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7411-2887, Gawronski, Bertram, Gawronski, B ( Bertram ), Shnabel, Nurit; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2994-6759, Ullrich, Johannes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0471-7004, and Nadler, Arie; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7411-2887

Abstract

The needs-based model is a conceptual framework for understanding the identity-related aspects of reconciliation processes. According to the model, (a) conflicting parties experience threats to their agentic (victims) and moral (perpetrators) identities—leading to heightened needs for empowerment and acceptance, respectively, and (b) satisfying these needs increases victims' and perpetrators' readiness for reconciliation. In this chapter, we review studies testing the model in interpersonal and intergroup contexts. We apply the model to conflicts characterized by mutual transgressions and discuss different ways victims' and perpetrators' identities can be restored (e.g., via empowering and accepting messages from the other or a third party, identity-affirmation exercises). We also apply the model to contexts of structural inequality by (a) presenting evidence that intergroup contact that satisfies disadvantaged and advantaged group members' needs for empowerment and acceptance is associated with their support for change, (b) discussing the moderating role of system justification, and (c) integrating our findings with the rank-based perspective on social class. Finally, we discuss the model's boundary conditions and directions for future research.

Published
2023

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