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Copyright of Black Sea / Karadeniz is the property of Black Sea / Karadeniz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Akçakoca, which constitutes the study area, is a province of Düzce and is located in the Western Black Sea coastal zone. Akçakoca district has a surface area of 380 km². In Akçakoca district, which is surrounded by natural borders, the slope generally increases from west to east and from north to south. The district is connected to important megapolis and metropolis such as Istanbul and Ankara via the TEM highway via Düzce. In the study, rural settlements of the Akçakoca district were examined from a geographical perspective. While it is an important resource for different fields by evaluating the results obtained, it also contributed to the updating of existing information. Data sources of the study; it was obtained from field studies conducted at regular intervals, electronic media, and official institutions and organizations. The resulting results were processed with various programs and supported with tables, graphs, and maps. The main subject of the study is the 43 village settlements of the district. Most of these village settlements were established below 100 m. altitude. It has been determined that the elevation levels of the villages in the study area are relatively evenly distributed. Villages are generally located at the edge of the forest, on the slope, by the river, and by the intercity road. While 20 of the village settlements are collective, 23 are dispersed. Economic activities in village settlements are shaped around agriculture, animal husbandry and tourism activities. The minimum population in the villages in the study area is 97 people and the highest is 736 people. The rate of villages with a population of 200-300 was determined as 41,86%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mavi Atlas is the property of Mavi Atlas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Erzincan Çayırlı ilçesinde bulunan esnafın geçmişteki yatırımları ve gelecekteki planları üzerine araştırma yapıldı. Farklı sektörlerde çalışan 12 esnaf ile görüşüldü. Esnafın yatırımlarını başlatma ve durdurma kararlarında ana faktör nüfus hareketliliğidir. Göreceli olarak tüketim ve ihtiyaç malzemeleri satan işletmeler ayakta kalmayı başarsalar da özellikle eğlence sektöründe olan kafe, restoran, internet kafe gibi işletmeler nüfustaki dalgalanmaya karşı yüksek hassasiyet taşımaktalardır. Ancak nüfus artmadığı ve bilakis göç devam ettiği için sektörden bağımsız olarak işletmeler yatırım yapmayı düşünmemektedirler. Yüksekokulun açılması ilçeyi hareketlendirmişse de Covid-19 ve genel olarak öğrencilerin ilçelere taleplerini düşürmeleriyle açılan işletmeler kapanmıştır. Esnafın yatırım yapılabilir gördükleri alan nüfusa dayalı olmayan sektörlerdir. Burada elde edilen çıkarımlara göre kamu politikası iki yönde olabilir. Birincisi kamusal idari birimler ve üniversiteler bu bölgelere taşınabilir. Özellikle üniversiteler açısından Batı Anadolu’daki kontenjanların azaltılması ve Doğu Anadolu’ya verilen kontenjanların arttırılması düşünülebilir. İkincisi üretim teşvik politikaları ile ilçe dışına satacak yerli girişimcinin üretimine destek olacak şekilde planlanabilir. Ancak bu desteğin satın alma garantisinin de kapsaması gereklidir. Çünkü Doğu Anadolu bir üreticinin bölgesinin dışına satış için pazar bilgisine ve dağıtım kanallarına ihtiyacı vardır

In the Ottoman period, the first population census in a modern sense was conducted in 1831 with the aim of determining the number of soldiers and collecting taxes. This census only recorded the male population and aimed to address various tax inequalities and determine the number of Muslim men eligible for military service. In 1844, a census was conducted that included the female population. The last population census in the Ottoman Empire was conducted in 1914, revealing a total population of 18,520,016, with 15,044,846 Muslims and 3,475,170 non-Muslims. Erzurum Vilayet, consisting of the sancaks of Erzurum, Erzincan, and Beyazıt, accounted for 4.4% of the total population. Subsequent to wars, territorial losses, and migrations, significant demographic changes occurred, rendering the existing population data obsolete. With the establishment of the Republic, there arose a need to ascertain the country's population potential for planning and policymaking purposes. To this end, a directive was issued on April 25, 1926, through decree number 3517, leading to the establishment of the General Directorate of Statistics under the Prime Ministry. On June 2, 1926, a bill was presented to the parliament with the objective of determining the size and characteristics of the country's population. Following deliberations, the bill was accepted and passed into law. After completing the necessary preparations, the general population census took place on October 28, 1927, yielding essential information about various aspects of the country, including its social, cultural, and economic dimensions. In summary, this study provided information about the administrative structure of Erzurum Vilayet and the demographic characteristics throughout its historical development. It analyzed statistical results from the 1927 population census, shedding light on Erzurum Vilayet's population size, gender and age distribution, education levels, occupational profiles, ethnic composition, language usage, religious affiliations, marital status, and health status. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the region's demographics during that era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the relative development of the population of the District of Polatlı during the Republic Period. It also considers how change occurred in the neighborhood according to the spatial distribution of the population. This population is assessed in the study in terms of numbers, rate of increase, rural and urban conditions, age and gender structure, and the change of population density, according to neighborhood, due to twenty-five years of migration. The socioeconomic status of the population is also evaluated. Population figures in Polatlı between 1935 and 1960 were obtained from printed documents published by the State Institute of Statistics (SIS), and from data gathered from general censuses taken by TurkStat between 1965 and 2000. Data between 2010 and 2022 was obtained from the TurkStat (TurkStat, 2023) Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS). The quantitative data obtained was converted into charts using the Excel program and supported with graphics. Population density according to neighborhood was analyzed using the "Kernel Density Method", and maps were produced made using the program: ArcGIS 10.9. Due to consistent yearly population increase in Polatlı, as well as the district playing an increasingly important role in terms of the military, education, transportation, agriculture, industry, and trade, Polatlı has achieved provincial standards in socioeconomic terms. It is believed that the district will attract more immigrants in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Strategic Public Management Journal (SPMJ) is the property of Strategic Public Management Journal (SPMJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kadim is the property of Kadim and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) is the property of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Yüzyılı aşkın zamandır nüfusun ekonomi üzerindeki etkilerini konu alan araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu araştırmalar sonucunda, nüfus ile ekonomik büyüme etkileşiminin iki yönlü mü tek yönlü mü olduğu, hatta olup olmadığı konusunda bir uzlaşıya varılamamıştır. Özetle, ekonomik büyüme ve nüfusun birbirlerini nasıl etkilediğine dair literatürde görüş birliği yoktur. Ancak bilimsel çalışmalarda üç ana görüş üzerinde uzlaşıldığı görülmüştür: (I) Nüfus artışı, ekonomik gelişmeyi olumsuz etkiler, (II) Nüfus artışı, ekonomik gelişmeyi olumlu etkiler, (III) Nüfus artışı ekonomik gelişmeyi ne olumlu ne de olumsuz etkiler. Bu makalenin amacı, literatürde rastlanan bu olgunun ülkemizde nasıl karşılık bulduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla araştırmanın hipotezi: “Türkiye’de illerin nüfusunun büyüklüğü ile kişi başına düşen GSYH arasında ilişki yoktur” olarak saptanmıştır. İki aşamalı olarak tasarlanan çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, nüfus ve gelir verilerini mekansallaştırmak için basit indeks yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. İkinci aşamasında ise, 2004 yılından 2020 yılına kadar dörder yıllık periyotla 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 ve 2020 yılları için karşılaştırmalı analizleri yapılmıştır. Ülkemizde il nüfusları ile kişi başına düşen GSYH arasında bir ilişki, ki-kare bağımsızlık testi yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. Test sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye’deki durum tam olarak literatürü doğrular niteliktedir. 2004 ve 2008 yıllarında, nüfusun büyüklüğü ile kişi başına düşen GSYH değeri arasında ilişki vardır. 2012 yılı verileri tam olarak sınır değer ile ilişkiye işaret etmektedir. Aslında bir anlamda “ilişki ne var ne de yok denilebilir” görüşünün karşılığıdır. 2016 ve 2020 yılları verileri ise; nüfusun büyüklüğü ile kişi başına düşen GSYH değeri arasında ilişki olmadığını söylemektedir. Bu sonuçlar; konunun çok yönlü, yerelin bağlamsallığı ile açıklanabilir olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Ülkemiz şehirlerinin dengesiz nüfus dağılımı, ekonomilerine de yansımaktadır.

Global population growth is increasing the pressure on water resources day by day. At the same time, changes in land use, especially due to increased urbanization, affect hydrological processes. Considering both population and urbanization, the management of water resources with the right planning becomes inevitable. In this study, the worst-case scenario was handled and it was investigated how much more the city could meet its water needs if the drinking water treatment plants in the provinces of Istanbul, Ankara and Kocaeli were operating at full capacity. In the analyzes handled with the current water losses, the population projections and the future change in the per capita water need are revealed. According to the results obtained, it was determined that when the existing drinking water treatment plants in Istanbul are used at full capacity, there may be water shortages in 2039. Under the same conditions, it was determined that Ankara would not be able to meet its water needs in 2036. In Kocaeli, it was determined that in 2031, the existing facilities will be insufficient for the water demand. The results of the study showed that the necessary measures should be taken immediately for the water crisis, which is expected to be one of the most important problems of our country in the future.

Copyright of International Journal of Management Academy is the property of Uluslararasi Yonetim Akademisi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Atatürk Yolu Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Ataturk Yolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RUMELI: Journal of Islamic Studies is the property of Trakya University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Kiğı Sanjak was among the classical Ottoman sanjaks subject to the province of Diyarbekir in 1514 within the Ottoman provincial organization. After being under the rule of the Karakoyunlu, Akkoyunlu and Safavid states respectively, Kiğı and its vicinity joined the Ottoman administration together with other sanjaks in the region after the War of Chaldiran between the Safavid State and the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Yavuz Sultan Selim. Until 1535, Kiğı Sanjak, which was affiliated to the Governor of Diyarbekir, was connected to the Governor of Erzurum with the establishment of the Governor of Erzurum in 1535. Due to its regional geographical features, Kiğı Sanjak was a sanjak that served as a living space for some tribes and communities. As a matter of fact, according to the 1518-1523 cadastral record books of Kiğı Sanjak, Shadlu, Disimlü, Abu Taliblü, Rükneddin, Okculu and İlbeğlü communities and tribes were located within the borders of the sanjak and each community had its own villages. In 1553, although the Abu Taliblü, Okculu, Shadlu and Rükneddin communities continued to exist in the sanjak, there is no data on the Disimlü community. As a matter of fact, this should be an indication that this community settled in a different sanjak or district. When the 1642 data is analyzed, it is determined that there are serious differences regarding the tribes and communities in Kiğı. In this context, in addition to the Disimlu and Shadlu communities, Suveydi, Çoburlu, Kara Çorlu, and Gamur/Kamur, whose traces were not found in Kiğı between 1518-1553, were recorded within the borders of the sanjak at this date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Conference Journal of Social Policy / Sosyal Siyaset Konferanslar Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Policy Conferences/Sosyal Siyaset Konferanslar Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies (OMAD) / Osmanlı Mirası Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu çalışmada Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin Dicle Bölümü’nde yer alan Siirt ilinde nüfusun ve yerleşmelerin yükselti kademelerine göre nasıl bir dağılış gösterdiği incelenmiştir. Siirt ili topoğrafya özellikleri bakımından kısa mesafelerde büyük farklılıklar göstermektedir. Siirt ilinin yerleşme ve nüfus özelliklerine bakıldığında topoğrafik yapıya uygun bir çeşitliliğe sahip olduğu ve nüfusun oldukça dengesiz bir şekilde dağılış gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Cumhuriyet döneminden günümüze kadar Siirt ilinde nüfus artışı değişkenlik göstermiş olup, nüfusun bazen belirgin bir şekilde arttığı bazen de keskin düşüşler yaşadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durumun en önemli sebepleri arasında yerleşmelerin yapısal özelliklerinin farklılaşması, göçler ve ilin idari taksimatında meydana gelen değişimler yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılarak Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun (TUİK) 2021 yılına ait nüfus verileri ışığında yerleşmelerin yükselti basamaklarına göre nasıl bir dağılış gösterdiği ele alınıp sınıflandırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler neticesinde Siirt ilinde yerleşmelerin genellikle yükseltinin az olduğu sahalarda yoğunlaştığı anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca sahada hem yerleşme sayısı hem de nüfus miktarı bakımından 410 ila 1250 metre yükselti basamakları arasında bir kümelenme gözlenmiştir. Öte yandan Siirt ilinde 2000 metrenin üstündeki alanlarda yerleşme sayısı ve nüfus miktarında kayda değer bir düşüş görülmektedir. Bunun yanında sahada bazı yerleşimlerin, coğrafi koşulların oluşturduğu dezavantaja rağmen engebeli ve yüksek kesimlerde konumlandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Siirt ilinde nüfus ve yerleşme bakımından farklılıkların oluşmasında iklim, topoğrafya, ziraat ve hayvancılık faaliyetlerinin oldukça etkili olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Ekonomik büyümenin askeri harcamalar üzerindeki etkisi ve bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişki uzun zamandır üzerinde çok sayıda araştırmanın yapıldığı bir konudur. Özellikle soğuk savaşın sona ermesi ve Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılması ile birlikte NATO’yu oluşturan ülkelerin askeri harcamalarının durumu daha da ilgi çekici hale gelmiştir. Stockholm Uluslararası Barış Araştırma Enstitüsü’nün (SIPRI) verilerine göre 2021 yılı askeri harcamaları 2.113 milyar ABD doları olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bu rakam 1994 yılından beri artış göstermektedir. Askeri harcamalar ile ekonomik büyüme ve ülke nüfusu arasındaki ilişki son yıllarda hem politika yapıcılar hem de araştırmacılar tarafından ciddi olarak incelenmektedir. Askeri harcamaların ekonomiye hem olumlu hem de olumsuz katkıları vardır. Kamu harcamaları içinde önemli bir paya sahip olan askeri harcamalar büyümeyi canlandırma potansiyeline sahiptir. Diğer taraftan büyümede ve nüfusta yaşanacak artışların da askeri harcamaları etkilemesi doğaldır. Çalışmada Askeri Harcamalar (ME), Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla (GDP) ve Nüfus (POP) değişkenlerine ait gözlemler 26 NATO ülkesi için 1997 ile 2021 yılları arasında 25 yıllık olarak toplanarak 650 adet gözlem içeren dengeli bir panel veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada sırasıyla yatay kesit bağımlılık, birim kök, ARDL ve hata düzeltme testleri yapılmıştır. Değişkenlerin tamamının düzeyde durağan olmadığı ve farklı derecede tümleşik seriler olduğu görüldüğünden araştırma modelinin tahmininde farklı mertebede durağan değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemeye olanak sağlayan Panel ARDL modelinden faydalanılmasına karar verilmiştir. ARDL modeli için hesaplanan katsayılar birlikte değerlendirildiğinde Ülke Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla değerlerinin Ülke Askeri Harcamaları üzerinde kısa ve uzun dönemde pozitif etkilerinin saptandığı, ülke nüfusunun ise kısa dönemde anlamlı bir etkisinin görülmediği fakat uzun dönemde pozitif bir etkisinin olduğu söylenebilir.

Population growth has a significant impact on a country's economy. The importance of the relationship between population growth and economic growth is accepted by both growth theorists and development economists. However, the literature has no consensus on the relationship between population and economic growth. There are three different views on this issue. Some researchers argue that population positively affects economic growth, while others argue that the effect is negative. In some studies, no correlation was found between these two variables. In this article, the long-term and short-term correlation between population and economic growth, including life expectancy, inflation, and capital formation variables, is analyzed with ARDL bounds test analysis using annual data for the period 1968-2019, based on the case of Turkey. According to the research findings, while the population in Turkey affects economic growth negatively in the short term, it has a positive effect in the long term. The life expectancy and capital formation affect economic growth positively in the short and long run but the inflation variable has a negative effect in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Atatürk Yolu Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Ataturk Yolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Turcology Research is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering & Architectural Faculty of Eskisehir Osmangazi University / Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When the Republic of Turkey was founded, the population in the country was rapidly decreasing due to adverse sanitary conditions and many infectious diseases, especially malaria. This was not in line with the economic, national, and social objectives of the founding elites. Being aware of this situation, the founders of the state started sanitary and social geography studies in provinces before the republic was established, made the population issue their basic policy and launched a national struggle to increase the population and make it healthy. In this process, the founders used education as a tool, which is the most effective way to reach children, which they considered the main channel of modernization. Revised curricula and related textbooks gained an important place in this struggle. However, the fight against malaria, namely sanitation, formed an aspect of modernization by associating it with issues related to the new order targeted by the revolution, such as the teaching of civilized principles and the distancing from superstitions. At this point, teachers were brought to a key point and played an active role in the fight against malaria, especially in the villages. This struggle found a place more in the curriculum of primary schools, which were given more importance in the Early Republican Period compared to middle and high schools. The malaria fight was most commonly included in the 1926 curriculum among the four curricula for primary schools between 1923 and 1948. The elites who directed the education emphasized the national and civil aspect of the struggle by taking part in the malaria fight not in courses of Tabiat Tedkiki, Ziraat, Hıfzıssıhha (Nature Studies, Agriculture and Sanitation), but in the course called Musahabat-ı Ahlakiye ve Malumat-ı Vataniye (Civics). However, the visibility of the malaria fight in education gradually decreased until 1948.

Copyright of Journal of Universal History Studies is the property of Sabit Dokuyan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes Michel Foucault’s theorisation on life, body and population in referring to the concepts of biopolitics and sexuality. In doing so, the paper puts critical attention to the relation between the rationality of politics and power. Tracing this relationship, the paper basically develops a conceptual framework in which truth and discursive practices of the truth regime gain strategic and operational position to produce social norms and to impose these norms on the idealisations of population and human-subjects. By the end of this paper, this conceptual analysis offers a way through which the subject formation and biopolitical subjectivity are clarified. Relying on this new way, this paper puts forward that biopolitics with its mechanisms and instruments is a perspective in order to reveal power relations and political regulations in general; and is a light to realize boundaries of different sexualities. This analysis ends by questioning the resistance, counteract and power relations in the light of these concepts. ÖZ: Bu makale, biyopolitika ve cinsellik kavramlarına gönderme yaparak Michel Foucault'nun yaşam, beden ve nüfus üzerine kuramlamasını incelemektedir. Bunu yaparken, makale siyasetin rasyonalitesi ile iktidar arasındaki ilişkiye ciddi bir dikkat göstermektedir. İzini sürdüğü bu ilişkiile makale esasında hakikatin ve hakikat rejiminin söylemsel pratiklerinin sosyal normlar üretmek için ve bu normları nüfus ve insan-özne idealleştirmelerine dayatmak için stratejik ve operasyonel konum elde ettiği bir kavramsal bir çerçeve geliştirmektedir. Makalenin sonunda, bu kavramsal analiz, özne oluşumu ve biyopolitik öznelliğin açıklığa kavuşturulması için bir yol sunmaktadır. Bu alternatif yoldan ilerleyerek, makale biyopolitikanın mekanizmaları ve araçlarıyla genel olarak iktidar ilişkilerini ve siyasi düzenlemeleri ortaya çıkaran bir perspektif ve farklı cinselliklerin hadlarını fark etmek için aydınlatıcı bir kavram olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Makale bu analiz ışığında direniş, karşı koyma ve iktidar ilişkilerinin sorgulanmasıyla sona ermektedir.

Kyustendil is a city in southwestern Bulgaria today. Bulgaria is located at the intersection of Serbia and Macedonia. Kyustendil was a Balkan city captured by Sultan Murad the First in 1372 without entering into war. Konstantin, who declared his allegiance to the Ottomans, ruled the location. Shortly after he died in 1395, the city became starboard of Rumelia. The 15th century was when Kyustendil started to gain its identity as a Turkish-Islamic city. Significant developments in architecture and public works took place in this century. This situation was influential in the city’s population growth as understood from the cadastral record books of the 15th century. By the end of the 16th century, the cadastral record books were replaced by the extraordinary tax record books. Although these record books do not provide as much descriptive data on the demographical and settlement characteristics as the cadastral record books for historical research, they give light to the present time in these areas by their various qualities such as exquisiteness and conciseness. In this study, the villages and neighborhoods connected to Kyustendil (Ilıca), Radomir, and Sirisnik counties under the Kyustendil Starboard in 1695 will be evaluated in terms of population-based on extra-ordinary tax record books. These record books will be compared with the book dated 1668, later found to be the previous extraordinary tax record book. Muslim and non-Muslim populations living in the neighborhoods and villages connected to the city center will be identified, and a comparative ratio will be specified between these two items. In this way, the religious structure of the population will be outlined. Civil and military people of residential areas will be identified and their rate in the city’s total population will be analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Abant Social Sciences / Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Journal of Abant Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of COMU Journal of Agriculture Faculty / ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the most important indicators of economic development is environmental quality. One of the most important sources of environmental pollution and climate change is greenhouse gas emissions. In this work, a new approach based on Gene Expression Programming (GEP) was used to forecast greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions depending on energy consumption, economic development (GDP), and population. The reliability of the GEP model was determined using several statistical indicators. In the relationship between energy consumption-GDP- population and GHG emissions, R2, MAPE, and RMSE values were found as 0.99337, 0.06987, and 7.1355, respectively. Sensitivity analysis seen that energy consumption have the highest effect on greenhouse gas emissions. The results obtained, it is showing that Gene Expression Programming can be successfully used to model greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University (AKU) Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, the historical background of the Armenian population in Russia, and their demographic structure were analyzed. The main sources of this research are the census results in 1926, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979 and 1989 during the Soviet Period and the censuses carried out in 2002 and 2010 during the Russian Federation Period. These census results provide information about the total population of Armenians who live in Russia, their settlements, gender ratio, marital status, spoken languages and levels of education. This research aims to give detailed information about the demographic structure of Armenians officially living in Russia in the scope of these census results. As a result of this study, it is understood that the Armenian population was estimated at 195,410 in the first census which was conducted in the Soviet period in 1926. The Armenian population, which has increased yearly, reached 532,390 according to the 1989 census results. During the Soviet Period, the majority of Armenians had been living in urban regions. In addition, considering gender statistics, the number of males has been larger than females. In 2002, the first census of the Russian Federation, the Armenian population was recorded as 1,130,491. The majority of Armenians were living in big cities and the southern regions of the country. 904,892 out of 1,130,491 Armenians could speak Armenian, and 1,113,215 could speak Russian. According to census results in 2010, Armenians in Russia were estimated at 1,182,388. 816,375 of them were residing in urban areas, and 366,013 of them were living in rural areas. When the gender composition is considered, it is observed that 638,479 are male and 543,909 are female. Of the 1,182,388 Armenians, 1,165,256 can speak Russian. When the education level of the population is examined, it is seen that 212,690 people have higher education, 245,492 people have secondary education, 111,902 people have basic education, and 34,360people have primary education level based on data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish History Education Journal (TUHED) is the property of Ahmet Simsek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mavi Atlas is the property of Mavi Atlas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human capital is considered as one of the most important factors in explaining development differences between countries, and as a unique source of long-run permanent economic growth. Therefore, increasing the accumulation of human capital has become an extremely important mission for economies. Theoretical and empirical literature emphasizes that public expenditures can play an important role in increasing human capital accumulation. Therefore, in this study, the effect of public expenditures on human capital accumulation for the case of Turkey was analyzed. Besides per capita income, unemployment and population variables were also included in the estimated model since they are considered as important determinants of human capital accumulation in the literature. Annual data for the period 1960-2019 were used in the analysis. The long-run cointegration relationship between the variables was determined and the long-run cointegration coefficients were obtained by applying FMOLS, DOLS and CCR estimators. Results show that public expenditures negatively affect human capital accumulation. Similarly, the increase in unemployment negatively affects human capital. However, per capita income and population are helpful to promote human capital. Probable causes of empirical outputs for the case of Turkey are further discussed in the study and policy strategies are recommended accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the demographic structure of the Republic of Armenia between 1991 and 2020 was examined. Characteristics of the population such as settlement, gender, age, birth, death, marital status, ethnic structure, language, religion, education, and migration were touched upon. The main sources of the study are Demographic Handbooks and Population Census results published by the Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia. The fact that these are both a primary sources and they contain important information on the demographic structure increases their value. The aim of this article is to reveal the demographic characteristics of the Republic of Armenia, which is a border neighbor of the Republic of Turkey. It is also another aim to explain how the demographic mobility in Armenia takes place. As a result of the study, it was determined that significant changes had occurred in the demographic structure of the Republic of Armenia. It has been observed that many people have left the country due to the economic difficulties, and therefore the population has decreased from year to year. In addition, the fact that the majority of the immigrants are men has led to an increase in the female population in Armenia. Another factor affecting the decrease in the population in Armenia is the decrease in birth rates and the increase in death rates. It has been observed that the religious diversity in Armenia is limited to the diversity of the nations living in the country. However, it has been understood through the data that Armenians, who constitute the majority in Armenia, are affiliated with the Apostolic Church, while the others adopt the beliefs of Evangelists, Catholics, Orthodox and Jehovah's Witnesses, which are representatives of other sects of Christianity. In addition, it has been determined that there are people who adopt Paganism belief among Armenians, albeit a small number. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Armenian began to be spoken more widely in Armenia. After Armenian, the most spoken language has been Russian for a long time. This shows that the Russian influence still continues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes Michel Foucault's theorisation on life, body and population in referring to the concepts of biopolitics and sexuality. In doing so, the paper puts critical attention to the relation between the rationality of politics and power. Tracing this relationship, the paper basically develops a conceptual framework in which truth and discursive practices of the truth regime gain strategic and operational position to produce social norms and to impose these norms on the idealisations of population and humansubjects. By the end of this paper, this conceptual analysis offers a way through which the subject formation and biopolitical subjectivity are clarified. Relying on this new way, this paper puts forward that biopolitics with its mechanisms and instruments is a perspective in order to reveal power relations and political regulations in general; and is a light to realize boundaries of different sexualities. This analysis ends by questioning the resistance, counteract and power relations in the light of these concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of lnternational Journal of Geography & Geography Education is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ekonomik Yaklaşim is the property of Ekonomik Yaklasim Dernegi (Ekonomik Yaklasim Association) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kafkas University, Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences Faculty / Kafkas Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Omer Halisdemir Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Omer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Economics & Admistrative Sciene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History Studies (13094688) is the property of History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences / İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)