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This research presents the results of studies designed to observe the effects of school leadership and school culture as mechanisms of change in the context of a large-scale educational reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A mixed-methods approach was employed to illuminate how institutional context either activates or deactivates leadership and school cultures as mechanisms that influence teacher efficacy beliefs in times of large-scale educational reform. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed through three independent studies. Quantitative procedures included measurement model analysis, structural equation modeling and a non-parametric Mann-Whitney "U" test. The qualitative analytic approach encompassed procedures of content analysis and quantification of qualitative data from reform documents and semi-structured interviews in the form of hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling. The triangulation of findings occurred in the interpretation phase, characterized by the development of meta-inferences that go beyond the findings from each study.

Neurological manifestations with basal ganglia involvement following Hymenoptera stings are rare and clinically ill-defined conditions. We present a patient with acute parkinsonism non-responsive to levodopa, who developed striatal lesions after a hornet sting. We report his response to immunomodulatory treatment and subsequent clinical and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up. We also searched the literature for patients with acute extrapyramidal syndromes following an insect sting. Fourteen cases have been published; 12 of them are reviewed here. The majority of cases presented with symmetric akinetic syndrome with axial rigidity and/or gait impairment. Six patients were treated with levodopa and only two of these had a modest response to therapy. Brain MRI/computed tomography scan revealed lesions of the basal ganglia, which resulted in fatal outcome in four patients, whereas only one achieved complete recovery. Clinicians should be aware of this rare but devastating cause of acute-onset parkinsonism and specific clinical presentation of this condition, and should consider prompt and prolonged immunomodulatory treatment to prevent irreversible basal ganglia damage.

The safe and reliable operation of autonomous agricultural vehicles requires an advanced environment perception system. An important component of perception systems is vision-based algorithms for detecting objects and other structures in the fields. This paper presents an ensemble method for combining outputs of three scene understanding tasks: semantic segmentation, object detection and anomaly detection in the agricultural context. The proposed framework uses an object detector to detect seven agriculture-specific classes. The anomaly detector detects all other objects that do not belong to these classes. In addition, the segmentation map of the field is utilized to provide additional information if the objects are located inside or outside the field area. The detections of different algorithms are combined at inference time, and the proposed ensemble method is independent of underlying algorithms. The results show that combining object detection with anomaly detection can increase the number of detected objects in agricultural scene images.

Owing to increasing populations and global threats, the integrity and safety of global food chains are at risk. In many countries, simply getting enough to eat can be an issue, with poor quality food often contaminated with hazardous agents, whereas in developed countries the pressure to deliver cheap, affordable food may affect quality and safety. The purpose of this Special issue on Safe food for infants is to emphasize the importance of pursuing integrated approaches to monitor and reduce the risks of biological, chemical, and physical hazards in infant food. A careful integrated approach is proposed to be instrumental in order to minimize the hazards to infant health during the key developmental years and protect children from penalizing nutritional disorders and gastrointestinal diseases.

Vision-based object detection is essential for safe and efficient field operation for autonomous agricultural vehicles. However, one of the challenges in transferring state-of-the-art object detectors to the agricultural domain is the limited availability of labeled datasets. This paper seeks to address this challenge by utilizing two object detection models based on YOLOv5, one pre-trained on a large-scale dataset for detecting general classes of objects and one trained to detect a smaller number of agriculture-specific classes. To combine the detections of the models at inference, we propose an ensemble module based on a hierarchical structure of classes. Results show that applying the proposed ensemble module increases mAP@.5 from 0.575 to 0.65 on the test dataset and reduces the misclassification of similar classes detected by different models. Furthermore, by translating detections from base classes to a higher level in the class hierarchy, we can increase the overall mAP@.5 to 0.701 at the cost of reducing class granularity.

This essay thoroughly examines the OTPOR! movement's strategic and tactical endeavors from 1998 to 2000, when it played a pivotal role in challenging and eventually overthrowing Slobodan Milošević's autocratic regime. The paper critically dissects the movement's strategic and tactical frameworks, elucidating their interconnectedness within nonviolent struggle. Central to OTPOR!'s effectiveness was its deliberate avoidance of overt political ambitions and alignment with the youth demographic. The movement projected itself as singularly committed to unseating an autocratic leader, countering regime propaganda by foregrounding the nation's welfare above narrow political interests. The trajectory of the OTPOR! movement underscores the intricate interplay between strategy and tactics in successful nonviolent movements. By orchestrating a meticulously constructed long-term strategy alongside various innovative tactical maneuvers, OTPOR! effectively harnessed public sentiment, countered regime dominance and decisively contributed to Serbia's democratization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this perspective article is to critically explore the launch of the mission for 100 climate neutral cities in Europe. An overview of the mission approach in general is first presented, where key aspects and emerging critiques are identified. Second, key elements of the mission for 100 climate neutral cities in Europe are introduced along with some of its challenges and ambiguities. This perspective article ends with highlighting key emerging questions from the report “100 Climate Neutral Cities by 2030 – by and for the citizens” where research and practice need to engage to support municipalities and urban actors in efforts on climate neutrality and help to better navigate toward radical social and technical transformation. This perspective article also proposes two approaches for inclusive participation of citizens and stakeholders that can contribute to the local implementation of the mission for 100 climate neutral cities.

This paper investigates the allocation model, the flexibility, and the scalability of fully distributed communication architectures for metering systems in smart grids. Smart metering infrastructure aggregates data from Smart Meters (SMs) and sends the collected data to the fog or the cloud data centres to be stored and analysed. The system needs to be scalable and reliable and to respond to increased demand with minimal cost. The problem is to find the optimal distribution of application data among devices, data centres or clouds. The need for support computing at marginal resources, which can be hosted within the building itself or shared within the construction of the complex, has become important over recent years. The resource allocation model is presented to optimize the cost of the resources in the communications and relevance parts of computing (the data processing cost). The fog helps cloud computing connectivity on the edge network. This paper explains how calculation/analysis can be performed closer to the data collection site to complement the analysis that would be undertaken at the data centre. Results for a range of typical scenarios are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The study aimed to investigate the range of experiences and attitudes of Croatian medical doctors (MDs) related to vaccination and vaccine hesitancy. In January 2021 three asynchronous online focus groups were held using MRQual, a web-based platform, which included 46 MDs from all three levels of the healthcare system in Croatia. NVivo, a qualitative data analysis software package, was used for the thematic analysis of collected data. The participants expressed a high level of support for the Croatian immunization program and vaccines in general. However, some skepticism was expressed regarding new vaccines and the regulatory processes of their approval. A significant number of participants raised concerns over the approval of COVID-19 vaccines, especially given their rapid development. The results also revealed that the process of communication with patients is often based on the very elaborate categorizations of patients based on previous experience, which leads to prioritizing and a communication breakup when dealing with “problematic patients”. MDs find themselves in a delicate situation where a fine balance between time-consuming communication with patients and the demands for maintaining satisfying vaccination uptake is needed. The situation arises from a social roles conflict that is embedded in wider social values and expectations, since communication problems do not arise in the doctor’s office, and therefore cannot be solved without addressing the social forces that cause trust deficiencies. To achieve better immunization results public health leaders need to better understand the social contexts and constraints of MDs vaccine-related behaviors.

This paper aims to extend an understanding of the cognitive drivers, namely excitement and sincerity, of brand love and store brand loyalty. It also examines the mediating role of brand love in the relationship between excitement and sincerity, and store brand loyalty. Field research, complemented with mall intercept method, was conducted within eight retail facilities of the biggest trade center in a developing country setting. A total of 450 useful questionnaires were collected and hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The results show that excitement and sincerity, as cognitive drivers, are important predictors of brand love. It has been also proved that brand love fully mediates the relationship between excitement and sincerity, and store brand loyalty. The paper contributes to the retailing and brand–customer relationship literature by revealing new predictors of brand love and store brand loyalty, and enriching the existing, faintly researched brand love mediation body of knowledge in the developing country context. It also highlights the features relevant for a better retail store positioning toward creating store brand loyalty. It is expected that the findings can make changes in store brand positioning, as appropriately positioned store brands could lead to emotional connections and loyalty. More specifically, the findings of the paper highlight which store brand cognitive elements could lead to consumer involvement in the buying process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]