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Recognizing seven-segment digits is a specific task within the broader field of text detection and recognition. Seven-segment digits are commonly used for displaying numerical information in various applications. However, accurately detecting and recognizing these digits can be challenging due to factors like LED bleeding, glare, and the presence of printed text alongside the digits. The experiment described in this paper aims to identify the most effective models for detecting and recognizing texts and assess their accuracy and performance under different environmental conditions. The experiment reveals that DBNet from PaddleOCR is the best model for text detection, while PARSeq has the best accuracy for recognizing seven-segment digits on the 7Seg dataset. PARSeq also performs well on a custom dataset with lower LED ratios but struggles with glare conditions. Excluding special characters improves accuracy in all conditions.

We present a complete genome of Serratia marcescens D1_6 isolated from peat swamp forest. The complete genome for the isolate D1_6 was constructed using data from Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Illumina. The genome of D1_6 has a total length of 4,996,151 bp, comprising a chromosome and a plasmid., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

X-chromosome short tandem repeats (X-STRs) are useful for human identification, especially in complex kinship scenarios. Since forensic statistical parameters vary among populations and the X-STRs population data for the diverse population of Peninsular Malaysia's are unavailable, this attempt for Indians (n = 201) appears forensically relevant to support the 12 X-STRs markers' evidential value for human identification in Malaysia. The Qiagen Investigator® Argus X-12 QS kit showed that DXS10135 was the most polymorphic locus with high genetic diversity, polymorphism information richness, heterozygosity, and exclusion power. Based on allele frequencies, the strength of discrimination and mean exclusion chance (MEC Krüger , MEC Kishida , MEC Desmarais , and MEC DesmaraisDuo ) values for the Malaysian Indians were ≥0.999997790686228. As for haplotype frequencies, the overall discrimination power and mean exclusion probability (MEC Krüger , MEC Kishida , MEC Desmarais , and MEC DesmaraisDuo ) were ≥0.9999984801951. The genetic distance, neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, and principal component analysis also supported the evidential value of the 12 X-STRs markers for forensic practical caseworks in Malaysia., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

SAG21/LEA5 is an unusual late embryogenesis abundant protein in Arabidopsis thaliana, that is primarily mitochondrially located and may be important in regulating translation in both chloroplasts and mitochondria. SAG21 expression is regulated by a plethora of abiotic and biotic stresses and plant growth regulators indicating a complex regulatory network. To identify key transcription factors regulating SAG21 expression, yeast-1-hybrid screens were used to identify transcription factors that bind the 1685 bp upstream of the SAG21 translational start site. Thirty-three transcription factors from nine different families bound to the SAG21 promoter, including members of the ERF, WRKY and NAC families. Key binding sites for both NAC and WRKY transcription factors were tested through site directed mutagenesis indicating the presence of cryptic binding sites for both these transcription factor families. Co-expression in protoplasts confirmed the activation of SAG21 by WRKY63/ABO3, and SAG21 upregulation elicited by oligogalacturonide elicitors was partially dependent on WRKY63, indicating its role in SAG21 pathogen responses. SAG21 upregulation by ethylene was abolished in the erf1 mutant, while wound-induced SAG21 expression was abolished in anac71 mutants, indicating SAG21 expression can be regulated by several distinct transcription factors depending on the stress condition., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Lactococcus lactis is a beneficial lactic acid bacterium commonly studied for its probiotic properties and role in dairy production. Here, we present a complete genome of Lactococcus lactis D1_2, isolated from peat swamp forests. To discover the potential antimicrobial properties, the complete genome of the strain was sequenced and analyzed., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The onus of proof in criminal cases is beyond any reasonable doubt, and the issue on the lack of complete internal validation data can be manipulated when it comes to justifying the validity and reliability of the X-chromosomal short tandem repeats analysis for court representation. Therefore, this research evaluated the efficiency of the optimized 60% reduced volumes for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using the Qiagen Investigator® Argus X-12 QS Kit, as well as the capillary electrophoresis (CE) sample preparation for blood samples on Flinder's Technology Associates (FTA) cards. Good-quality DNA profile (3000-12,000 RFU) from the purified blood sample on FTA card (1.2 mm) were obtained using the optimized PCR (10.0 μL of PCR reaction volume and 21 cycles) and CE (9.0 μL Hi-Di™ Formamide and 0.3 μL DNA Size Standard 550 [BTO] and 27 s injection time) conditions. The analytical and stochastic thresholds were 100 and 200 RFU, respectively. Hence, the internal validation data supported the use of the optimized 60% reduced PCR amplification reaction volume of the Qiagen Investigator® Argus X-12 QS Kit as well as the CE sample preparation for producing reliable DNA profiles that comply with the quality assurance standards for forensic DNA testing laboratories, while optimizing the analytical cost., (© 2023 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.)

Nepentheceae, the most prominent carnivorous family in the Caryophyllales order, comprises the Nepenthes genus, which has modified leaf trap characteristics. Although most Nepenthes species have unique morphologies, their vegetative stages are identical, making identification based on morphology difficult. DNA barcoding is seen as a potential tool for plant identification, with small DNA segments amplified for species identification. In this study, three barcode loci; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ( rbc L), intergenic spacer 1 (ITS1) and intergenic spacer 2 (ITS2) and the usefulness of the ITS1 and ITS2 secondary structure for the molecular identification of Nepenthes species were investigated. An analysis of barcodes was conducted using BLASTn, pairwise genetic distance and diversity, followed by secondary structure prediction. The findings reveal that PCR and sequencing were both 100% successful. The present study showed the successful amplification of all targeted DNA barcodes at different sizes. Among the three barcodes, rbc L was the least efficient as a DNA barcode compared to ITS1 and ITS2. The ITS1 nucleotide analysis revealed that the ITS1 barcode had more variations compared to ITS2. The mean genetic distance (K2P) between them was higher for interspecies compared to intraspecies. The results showed that the DNA barcoding gap existed among Nepenthes species, and differences in the secondary structure distinguish the Nepenthes . The secondary structure generated in this study was found to successfully discriminate between the Nepenthes species, leading to enhanced resolutions.

In the present study, the nearly complete mitochondrial genome of Euphaea ochracea was described and its phylogenetic position in the family Euphaeidae was analyzed. Here, we recovered 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs and a partial control region, resulting in a mitogenome length of 15,545bp. All protein-coding genes were initiated by the typical ATN codon except nad3 and nad1 , which utilizes the TTG codon. Four protein-coding genes ( cox1 , cox2 , cox3 and nad5 ) are terminated by an incomplete stop codon T, while others end with either a TAA or TAG codon. The intergenic spacer region, S5, is absent in this mitogenome, supporting the lack of this region as a specific character in damselflies. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the newly sequenced E. ochracea is phylogenetically closer to E. ornata with a high support value., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s), (© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

White threads fish Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota  (Brandt, 1835) or locally known as bat puntil is a neritic marine organism, and it is widely distributed in Indo Pacific. They serve many important roles in ecosystem services and were discovered to contain many bioactive compounds that are useful for medicinal value. However, despite its abundance in Malaysian seawater, there is still a lack of records on H. leucospilota mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) from Malaysia. The mitogenome of H. leucospilota  originating from Sedili Kechil, Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia, is presented here. Whole genome sequencing was successfully sequenced using Illumina NovaSEQ6000 sequencing system and the mitochondrial-derived contigs were assembled using de novo approach. The size of the mitogenome is 15,982 bp which consists of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 21 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs. The overall composition of nucleotide bases was estimated to be 25.8% for T, 25.9% for C, 31.8% for A and 16.5% for G (with A  + T content of 57.6%). Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the mitochondrial Protein-Coding Genes (PCGs) sequence data from our H. leucospilota is closely related to H. leucospilota from accession number MK940237 and H. leucospilota from accession number MN594790, followed by H. leucospilota from accession number MN276190, forming sister group with H. hilla (MN163001), known as Tiger tail sea cucumber. The mitogenome of H. leucospilota will be valuable for genetic research, mitogenome reference and future conservation management of sea cucumber in Malaysia. The mitogenome data of H. leucospilota from Sedili Kechil, Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia is available in the GenBank database repository with accession number ON584426., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors.)

The Great Marquis or Bassarona dunya is a butterfly species commonly found in the tropical regions of Asia, America, and Africa. This butterfly is a member of the subfamily Limenitidinae and the classification within this subfamily has been unstable. Here, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of B. dunya sampled from Malaysia. The mitogenome is 15,242 bp long, comprising a set of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and an A + T rich region. All PCGs were initiated by the typical ATN codon, except for COX1 which started with a CGA start codon. Nine PCGs were terminated with a TAA or TAG stop codon, while COX1, COX2, NAD4, and NAD5 ended with an incomplete T. The 12S and 16S rRNAs were 716 bp and 1269 bp in length, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis supported the placement of B. dunya within Limenitidinae with a high support value., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2023 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)