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Background: The high readmission rate following chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has created a significant global health challenge, with high healthcare costs and a growing burden of care. Digital interventions, including telemonitoring, Telehealth, web, or mobile-based, can address these challenges, but there has yet to be a systematic review of the impact of digital interventions on reducing hospital readmission for patients with COPD. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of digital interventions in lowering hospitalization and rehospitalization for patients with COPD. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search from PubMed and Scopus to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English with outcomes related to hospital admission or readmission within 30 days of hospital discharge. Results: The search and selection process followed PRISMA guidelines and resulted in a final sample of 12 RCTs. We found mixed results. Of the 12 included studies, only four studies [mobile-based (n=1), Telehealth (n=1), Telemonitoring (n=2)] found positive effect of a digital intervention on hospital readmission. Seven studies [mobile-based (n=1), Telehealth (n=1), Telemonitoring (n=3), Web-based (n=2)] did not demonstrate clear evidence of a significant reduction in hospitalization rate. Based on these findings, the primary factors contributing to the outcome variation were differences in intervention components used and their operator, COPD severity, patient age, and sample size. Conclusions: Systematic review provides the first insight into the impact of digital intervention on hospital readmission among patients with COPD. While some studies showed positive results, the evidence is mixed, and further research is needed. COVID-19 has accelerated the use of digital intervention and created the opportunity for comprehensive research and investigation with more updated information and further impact on readmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and mixed urinary in)continence (MUI) are common conditions affecting the women’s quality of life. The surgical management of SUI is considered when conservative measures fail. Candidates for surgery include women with simple SUI or a primary stress component in MUI after the adequate management of urgency symptoms. Surgical decision-making factors include intrinsic sphincter deficit, urethral hypermobility, previous conservative treatments, concurrent procedures, lifestyle, age, general health, and prior pelvic surgeries. A thorough discussion about potential complications, including surgical failure, injury, retention, erosion, infection and voiding difficulties, is essential for an informed decision-making. Surgical options include retropubic colposuspension, Burch colposuspension (open, laparoscopic, or robotic), and tension-free mid-urethral slings (MUS), such as TVT and TVT-O, which are gaining popularity due to their minimal invasiveness, comparable success rates, and lower morbidity. Autologous fascial slings and bulking agents are reserved for specific cases like intrinsic sphincter deficiency. Retropubic colposuspension remains the gold standard, but laparoscopic approaches are considered when concurrent laparoscopic procedures are necessary. Complications of colposuspension include voiding dysfunction, detrusor overactivity, and pelvic organ prolapse. Current guidelines discourage synthetic MUS in patients with poor tissue healing or concurrent urethral surgeries. Postoperative care should focus on monitoring for complications and ensuring the optimal recovery. Long-term success and complications, such as persistent urgency symptoms in mixed urinary incontinence, must be clearly communicated to patients considering surgical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) disorders comprises of spectrum of developmental conditions affecting the structures of angle of anterior chamber including cornea, iris, and lens. These conditions are characterized by both autosomal dominant and recessive patterns of inheritance often with incomplete penetrance/variable expressivity. A significant overlap among phenotypes attributed to mutations in different ASD genes is well recognized. Case presentation: We present a case involving a 29-year-old pregnant woman referred for genetic screening and counseling. She had a 7-year-old male child with congenital bilateral corneal opacity, and his elder sister also exhibited similar findings. Exome sequencing identified a novel variant in the CYP1B1 gene in a homozygous state, which was associated with anterior segment dysgenesis. Both parents were found to be carriers of the same variant, while the sister had the same variant in a homozygous state. Genotype–phenotype correlation was performed, and it was concluded that the novel variant could be responsible for the eye changes in both siblings. The parents sought prenatal diagnosis for the current pregnancy, which was deemed possible. Conclusions: This case underscores the importance of genetic testing in such rare diseases, as it can assist in early diagnosis, management, and prognosis. It also aids clinicians and parents in making decisions regarding the continuation of the pregnancy at the appropriate time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]