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This literature review aims to present a comprehensive overview of contracts used in agriculture, focusing on their development, usage, and impacts in Bulgaria and other countries, and based on it make a classification of the contracts. The research is grounded in the broader field of agricultural economics, rural development and instructional economics, emphasizing the shift in use in contracts in agriculture in Bulgaria after the accession of the country in the EU. It delves into various types of contracts used in agriculture. The classification that is created is illustrating a detailed framework that organizes these agreements based on their focus and functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Common agricultural policy (CAP) is the most integrated policy that offers an opportunity for the agricultural sector to respond to society's demands in terms of food security, safety, quality and sustainability as well as environmental care. New agriculture challenges in the framework of EU political priorities and greening of the sector are related to the implementation of three key objectives based on encouragement of a smart and sustainable agricultural sector; improving environmental care and climate change action; improving socio-economic role of rural areas. The study aims to research the farmers' attitudes implementation of ecological practices on farms using conjoint analysis, correlation analysis, SWOT analysis and descriptive analysis. The conjoint analysis answers a fundamental research question - would farmers carry out ecological practices without CAP support? In addition, we analyzed farmers' attitudes toward implementing mandatory and voluntary ecological practices in farms with or without CAP financial support. The study results confirm the research hypothesis that CAP greening is carried out at the cost of CAP payments. It was found that farmers would not carry out ecological practices without the CAP financial support during the 2023-2027 programming period in both the Blagoevgrad and Kyustendil regions in Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land prices are integral for a variety of stakeholders, ranging from urban planners to real estate investors. Land prices play a pivotal role in economic theory, influencing a myriad of decisions from urban planning to investment strategies. The tree datasets we are focusing on are from separate sources present information on a land prices in Bulgaria, it becomes essential to determine their consistency. Linear regression serves as a powerful tool to achieve this and a second method of MANOVA is applied to understand the tree datasets. The aim of this study is to prove the reliability of the information on the agricultural resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research on the utilisation of agricultural land in agricultural holdings has the aim to present the problems and opportunities European CAP policy brings in Bulgarian agriculture. We have used statistical methods as well as academically approved approaches to systematically assess how changes in CAP policy, have changed the landscape of agriculture and what positive and negative changes are the result of the implementation of EU norms. For competitiveness, we have presented data from the pre-EU accession and, using the graphic method, showed the changes during the research period. We try to highlight some processes in public relations regarding land use as an indispensable factor for production, as well as to define certain reasons for the registered changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern conditions a new type of business plan is necessary to accommodate all of the factors and a defined aim is the first part of understanding the agricultural holdings needs. Based on a critical review of the concept of business models in the method of the aspect developed a model for cooperation between science and business, which includes units in the chain of research institutes - companies offering names - manufacturers - consumers, the main focus is on production, where the effects of agricultural holdings. The following methods are used in the development and implementation of the model: analysis of causal relationships, descriptive analysis, comparative analysis, constructive calculation method, expert evaluation, survey method, in-depth study, partial replacement budget, profit matrix and others. This business model combines 10 components in its framework and has the aim to foster and evaluate cooperation between agricultural holdings and scientific institutes. As a result of the changing nature of competition, new approaches based on innovation must be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the author is to first assess the factors influencing and the importance of their impact on agricultural rents and land prices. Much of the land in Bulgaria is leased and that requires an assessment of the relationship between lands rent and land price. The price of land is mainly influenced by the location, size and purpose of the purchased land. The average market price of agricultural land, regardless of location, size and purpose of land use, show significant differences from year to year and from region to region. Since 2010, the percentage of land for rent and the market price of land have been called the capitalization rate. The average growth rate of land rent should not exceed 6%, nor should it lead to a mismatch between the development of land rent and land prices or to a disproportionate increase in land price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural defining elements of the socio-economic model for the sustainability of rural development are closely related to the revitalization of the activities, processes and results of the functioning of economic units/actors in rural areas. We have used a double matrix socio-economic model that has the aim to determine what role do the micro and small farms have in socio-economic environment in Bulgaria, as well as how implementation of EU politics and national legislation affect them. Bulgarian agriculture has experienced major structural changes as a result of the restoration of ownership of agricultural land and in recent years, CAP policy the green deal, combined with COVID19 and the war in Ukraine has influenced heavily the processes happening to small and micro farms in Bulgaria and their role/place in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]