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1. Dusty Starbursts Masquerading as Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies in JWST CEERS Observations

Author

Zavala, JA, Buat, V, Casey, CM, Finkelstein, SL, Burgarella, D, Bagley, MB, Ciesla, L, Daddi, E, Dickinson, M, Ferguson, HC, Franco, M, Jiménez-Andrade, EF, Kartaltepe, JS, Koekemoer, AM, Bail, AL, Murphy, EJ, Papovich, C, Tacchella, S, Wilkins, SM, Aretxaga, I, Behroozi, P, Champagne, JB, Fontana, A, Giavalisco, M, Grazian, A, Grogin, NA, Kewley, LJ, Kocevski, DD, Kirkpatrick, A, Lotz, JM, Pentericci, L, Pérez-González, PG, Pirzkal, N, Ravindranath, S, Somerville, RS, Trump, Yang, G, Aaron Yung, LY, Almaini, O, Amorín, RO, Annunziatella, M, Haro, PA, Backhaus, BE, Barro, G, Bell, EF, Bhatawdekar, R, Bisigello, L, Buitrago, F, Calabrò, A, Castellano, M, Chávez Ortiz, ÓA, Chworowsky, K, Cleri, NJ, Cohen, SH, Cole, JW, Cooke, KC, Cooper, MC, Cooray, AR, Costantin, L, Cox, IG, Croton, D, Davé, R, Vega, ADL, Dekel, A, Elbaz, D, Estrada-Carpenter, V, Fernández, V, Finkelstein, KD, Freundlich, J, Fujimoto, S, García-Argumánez, Á, Gardner, JP, Gawiser, E, Gómez-Guijarro, C, Guo, Y, Hamilton, TS, Hathi, NP, Holwerda, BW, Hirschmann, M, Huertas-Company, M, Hutchison, TA, Iyer, KG, Jaskot, AE, Jha, SW, Jogee, S, Juneau, S, Jung, I, Kassin, SA, Kurczynski, P, Larson, RL, Leung, GCK, Long, AS, Lucas, RA, Magnelli, B, Mantha, KB, Matharu, J, McGrath, EJ, McIntosh, DH, Medrano, A, Merlin, E, Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ciesla, L [0000-0003-0541-2891], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Franco, M [0000-0002-3560-8599], Jiménez-Andrade, EF [0000-0002-2640-5917], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Bail, AL [0000-0002-9466-2763], Murphy, EJ [0000-0001-7089-7325], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Aretxaga, I [0000-0002-6590-3994], Behroozi, P [0000-0002-2517-6446], Champagne, JB [0000-0002-6184-9097], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-5537-8110], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Almaini, O [0000-0001-9328-3991], Amorín, RO [0000-0001-5758-1000], Annunziatella, M [0000-0002-8053-8040], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Barro, G [0000-0001-6813-875X], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bhatawdekar, R [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buitrago, F [0000-0002-2861-9812], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Castellano, M [0000-0001-9875-8263], Chávez Ortiz, ÓA [0000-0003-2332-5505], Chworowsky, K [0000-0003-4922-0613], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cohen, SH [0000-0003-3329-1337], Cole, JW [0000-0002-6348-1900], Cooke, KC [0000-0002-2200-9845], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Cooray, AR [0000-0002-3892-0190], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Cox, IG [0000-0002-1803-794X], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Davé, R [0000-0003-2842-9434], Vega, ADL [0000-0002-6219-5558], Dekel, A [0000-0003-4174-0374], Elbaz, D [0000-0002-7631-647X], Estrada-Carpenter, V [0000-0001-8489-2349], Fernández, V [0000-0003-0531-5450], Finkelstein, KD [0000-0003-0792-5877], Freundlich, J [0000-0002-5245-7796], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], García-Argumánez, Á [0000-0002-8365-5525], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Gómez-Guijarro, C [0000-0002-4085-9165], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Hamilton, TS [0000-0002-9753-1769], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Iyer, KG [0000-0001-9298-3523], Jaskot, AE [0000-0002-6790-5125], Jha, SW [0000-0001-8738-6011], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Jung, I [0000-0003-1187-4240], Kassin, SA [0000-0002-3838-8093], Kurczynski, P [0000-0002-8816-5146], Larson, RL [0000-0003-2366-8858], Leung, GCK [0000-0002-9393-6507], Long, AS [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Magnelli, B [0000-0002-6777-6490], Matharu, J [0000-0002-7547-3385], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Merlin, E [0000-0001-6870-8900], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
5101 Astronomical Sciences, 5109 Space Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, Galaxies and Cosmology
Abstract

Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) candidates at z ≳ 10 are rapidly being identified in James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam observations. Due to the (redshifted) break produced by neutral hydrogen absorption of rest-frame UV photons, these sources are expected to drop out in the bluer filters while being well detected in redder filters. However, here we show that dust-enshrouded star-forming galaxies at lower redshifts (z ≲ 7) may also mimic the near-infrared (near-IR) colors of z > 10 LBGs, representing potential contaminants in LBG candidate samples. First, we analyze CEERS-DSFG-1, a NIRCam dropout undetected in the F115W and F150W filters but detected at longer wavelengths. Combining the JWST data with (sub)millimeter constraints, including deep NOEMA interferometric observations, we show that this source is a dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) at z ≈ 5.1. We also present a tentative 2.6σ SCUBA-2 detection at 850 μm around a recently identified z ≈ 16 LBG candidate in the same field and show that, if the emission is real and associated with this candidate, the available photometry is consistent with a z ∼ 5 dusty galaxy with strong nebular emission lines despite its blue near-IR colors. Further observations on this candidate are imperative to mitigate the low confidence of this tentative submillimeter emission and its positional uncertainty. Our analysis shows that robust (sub)millimeter detections of NIRCam dropout galaxies likely imply z ∼ 4–6 redshift solutions, where the observed near-IR break would be the result of a strong rest-frame optical Balmer break combined with high dust attenuation and strong nebular line emission, rather than the rest-frame UV Lyman break. This provides evidence that DSFGs may contaminate searches for ultra-high redshift LBG candidates from JWST observations.

Published
2023

2. A Long Time Ago in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: A Candidate z ~ 12 Galaxy in Early JWST CEERS Imaging

Author

Finkelstein, SL, Bagley, MB, Haro, PA, Dickinson, M, Ferguson, HC, Kartaltepe, JS, Papovich, C, Burgarella, D, Kocevski, DD, Huertas-Company, M, Iyer, KG, Koekemoer, AM, Larson, RL, Pérez-González, PG, Rose, C, Tacchella, S, Wilkins, SM, Chworowsky, K, Medrano, A, Morales, AM, Somerville, RS, Aaron Yung, LY, Fontana, A, Giavalisco, M, Grazian, A, Grogin, NA, Kewley, LJ, Kirkpatrick, A, Kurczynski, P, Lotz, JM, Pentericci, L, Pirzkal, N, Ravindranath, S, Ryan, RE, Trump, Yang, G, Almaini, O, Amorín, RO, Annunziatella, M, Backhaus, BE, Barro, G, Behroozi, P, Bell, EF, Bhatawdekar, R, Bisigello, L, Bromm, V, Buat, V, Buitrago, F, Calabrò, A, Casey, CM, Castellano, M, Chávez Ortiz, ÓA, Ciesla, L, Cleri, NJ, Cohen, SH, Cole, JW, Cooke, KC, Cooper, MC, Cooray, AR, Costantin, L, Cox, IG, Croton, D, Daddi, E, Davé, R, De La Vega, A, Dekel, A, Elbaz, D, Estrada-Carpenter, V, Faber, SM, Fernández, V, Finkelstein, KD, Freundlich, J, Fujimoto, S, García-Argumánez, Á, Gardner, JP, Gawiser, E, Gómez-Guijarro, C, Guo, Y, Hamblin, K, Hamilton, TS, Hathi, NP, Holwerda, BW, Hirschmann, M, Hutchison, TA, Jaskot, AE, Jha, SW, Jogee, S, Juneau, S, Jung, I, Kassin, SA, Le Bail, A, Leung, GCK, Lucas, RA, Magnelli, B, Mantha, KB, Matharu, J, McGrath, EJ, McIntosh, DH, Merlin, E, Mobasher, B, Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Iyer, KG [0000-0001-9298-3523], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Larson, RL [0000-0003-2366-8858], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Rose, C [0000-0002-8018-3219], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Chworowsky, K [0000-0003-4922-0613], Morales, AM [0000-0003-4965-0402], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Kurczynski, P [0000-0002-8816-5146], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Ryan, RE [0000-0003-0894-1588], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Almaini, O [0000-0001-9328-3991], Amorín, RO [0000-0001-5758-1000], Annunziatella, M [0000-0002-8053-8040], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Behroozi, P [0000-0002-2517-6446], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bhatawdekar, R [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Bromm, V [0000-0003-0212-2979], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Buitrago, F [0000-0002-2861-9812], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Castellano, M [0000-0001-9875-8263], Chávez Ortiz, ÓA [0000-0003-2332-5505], Ciesla, L [0000-0003-0541-2891], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cohen, SH [0000-0003-3329-1337], Cole, JW [0000-0002-6348-1900], Cooke, KC [0000-0002-2200-9845], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Cooray, AR [0000-0002-3892-0190], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Cox, IG [0000-0002-1803-794X], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Davé, R [0000-0003-2842-9434], De La Vega, A [0000-0002-6219-5558], Dekel, A [0000-0003-4174-0374], Elbaz, D [0000-0002-7631-647X], Estrada-Carpenter, V [0000-0001-8489-2349], Fernández, V [0000-0003-0531-5450], Finkelstein, KD [0000-0003-0792-5877], Freundlich, J [0000-0002-5245-7796], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], García-Argumánez, Á [0000-0002-8365-5525], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Gómez-Guijarro, C [0000-0002-4085-9165], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Hamblin, K [0000-0002-6292-4589], Hamilton, TS [0000-0002-9753-1769], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Jaskot, AE [0000-0002-6790-5125], Jha, SW [0000-0001-8738-6011], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Jung, I [0000-0003-1187-4240], Kassin, SA [0000-0002-3838-8093], Le Bail, A [0000-0002-9466-2763], Leung, GCK [0000-0002-9393-6507], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Magnelli, B [0000-0002-6777-6490], Matharu, J [0000-0002-7547-3385], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Merlin, E [0000-0001-6870-8900], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
5101 Astronomical Sciences, 5109 Space Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, Galaxies and Cosmology
Abstract

We report the discovery of a candidate galaxy with a photo-z of z ∼ 12 in the first epoch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. Following conservative selection criteria, we identify a source with a robust z phot = 11.8 − 0.2 + 0.3 (1σ uncertainty) with m F200W = 27.3 and ≳7σ detections in five filters. The source is not detected at λ < 1.4 μm in deep imaging from both Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST and has faint ∼3σ detections in JWST F150W and HST F160W, which signal a Lyα break near the red edge of both filters, implying z ∼ 12. This object (Maisie’s Galaxy) exhibits F115W − F200W > 1.9 mag (2σ lower limit) with a blue continuum slope, resulting in 99.6% of the photo-z probability distribution function favoring z > 11. All data-quality images show no artifacts at the candidate’s position, and independent analyses consistently find a strong preference for z > 11. Its colors are inconsistent with Galactic stars, and it is resolved (r h = 340 ± 14 pc). Maisie’s Galaxy has log M */M ⊙ ∼ 8.5 and is highly star-forming (log sSFR ∼ −8.2 yr−1), with a blue rest-UV color (β ∼ −2.5) indicating little dust, though not extremely low metallicity. While the presence of this source is in tension with most predictions, it agrees with empirical extrapolations assuming UV luminosity functions that smoothly decline with increasing redshift. Should follow-up spectroscopy validate this redshift, our universe was already aglow with galaxies less than 400 Myr after the Big Bang.

Published
2022
Full Text
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3. CEERS Key Paper. II. A First Look at the Resolved Host Properties of AGN at 3 < z < 5 with JWST

Author

Dale D. Kocevski, Guillermo Barro, Elizabeth J. McGrath, Steven L. Finkelstein, Micaela B. Bagley, Henry C. Ferguson, Shardha Jogee, Guang Yang, Mark Dickinson, Nimish P. Hathi, Bren E. Backhaus, Eric F. Bell, Laura Bisigello, Véronique Buat, Denis Burgarella, Caitlin M. Casey, Nikko J. Cleri, M. C. Cooper, Luca Costantin, Darren Croton, Emanuele Daddi, Adriano Fontana, Seiji Fujimoto, Jonathan P. Gardner, Eric Gawiser, Mauro Giavalisco, Andrea Grazian, Norman A. Grogin, Yuchen Guo, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Michaela Hirschmann, Benne W. Holwerda, Marc Huertas-Company, Taylor A. Hutchison, Kartheik G. Iyer, Brenda Jones, Stéphanie Juneau, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Lisa J. Kewley, Allison Kirkpatrick, Anton M. Koekemoer, Peter Kurczynski, Aurélien Le Bail, Arianna S. Long, Jennifer M. Lotz, Ray A. Lucas, Casey Papovich, Laura Pentericci, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Nor Pirzkal, Marc Rafelski, Swara Ravindranath, Rachel S. Somerville, Amber N. Straughn, Sandro Tacchella, Jonathan R. Trump, Stephen M. Wilkins, Stijn Wuyts, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Jorge A. Zavala, Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Barro, G [0000-0002-0786-7307], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Iyer, KG [0000-0001-9298-3523], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Kurczynski, P [0000-0002-8816-5146], Bail, AL [0000-0002-9466-2763], Long, AS [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Rafelski, M [0000-0002-9946-4731], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Straughn, AN [0000-0002-4772-7878], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Wuyts, S [0000-0003-3735-1931], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Kocevski, Dale D [0000-0002-8360-3880], Barro, Guillermo [0000-0002-0786-7307], McGrath, Elizabeth J [0000-0001-8688-2443], Finkelstein, Steven L [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, Micaela B [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ferguson, Henry C [0000-0001-7113-2738], Jogee, Shardha [0000-0002-1590-0568], Yang, Guang [0000-0001-8835-7722], Dickinson, Mark [0000-0001-5414-5131], Hathi, Nimish P [0000-0001-6145-5090], Backhaus, Bren E [0000-0001-8534-7502], Bell, Eric F [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bisigello, Laura [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, Véronique [0000-0003-3441-903X], Burgarella, Denis [0000-0002-4193-2539], Casey, Caitlin M [0000-0002-0930-6466], Cleri, Nikko J [0000-0001-7151-009X], Costantin, Luca [0000-0001-6820-0015], Croton, Darren [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, Emanuele [0000-0002-3331-9590], Fontana, Adriano [0000-0003-3820-2823], Fujimoto, Seiji [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, Jonathan P [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, Eric [0000-0003-1530-8713], Giavalisco, Mauro [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, Andrea [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, Norman A [0000-0001-9440-8872], Guo, Yuchen [0000-0002-4162-6523], Haro, Pablo Arrabal [0000-0002-7959-8783], Hirschmann, Michaela [0000-0002-3301-3321], Holwerda, Benne W [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, Marc [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, Taylor A [0000-0001-6251-4988], Iyer, Kartheik G [0000-0001-9298-3523], Juneau, Stéphanie [0000-0002-0000-2394], Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kewley, Lisa J [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, Allison [0000-0002-1306-1545], Koekemoer, Anton M [0000-0002-6610-2048], Kurczynski, Peter [0000-0002-8816-5146], Bail, Aurélien Le [0000-0002-9466-2763], Long, Arianna S [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lotz, Jennifer M [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, Ray A [0000-0003-1581-7825], Papovich, Casey [0000-0001-7503-8482], Pentericci, Laura [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pérez-González, Pablo G [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, Nor [0000-0003-3382-5941], Rafelski, Marc [0000-0002-9946-4731], Ravindranath, Swara [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, Rachel S [0000-0002-6748-6821], Straughn, Amber N [0000-0002-4772-7878], Tacchella, Sandro [0000-0002-8224-4505], Trump, Jonathan R [0000-0002-1410-0470], Wilkins, Stephen M [0000-0003-3903-6935], Wuyts, Stijn [0000-0003-3735-1931], and Zavala, Jorge A [0000-0002-7051-1100]

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 51 Physical Sciences, Galaxies and Cosmology
Abstract

We report on the host properties of five X-ray-luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN) identified at 3 < z < 5 in the first epoch of imaging from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. Each galaxy has been imaged with the JWST Near-Infrared Camera, which provides rest-frame optical morphologies at these redshifts. We also derive stellar masses and star formation rates for each host by fitting its spectral energy distribution using a combination of galaxy and AGN templates. We find that three of the AGN hosts have spheroidal morphologies, one is a bulge-dominated disk, and one is dominated by pointlike emission. None are found to show strong morphological disturbances that might indicate a recent interaction or merger event. When compared to a sample of mass-matched inactive galaxies, we find that the AGN hosts have morphologies that are less disturbed and more bulge-dominated. Notably, all four of the resolved hosts have rest-frame optical colors consistent with a quenched or poststarburst stellar population. The presence of AGN in passively evolving galaxies at z > 3 is significant because a rapid feedback mechanism is required in most semianalytic models and cosmological simulations to explain the growing population of massive quiescent galaxies observed at these redshifts. Our findings show that AGN can continue to inject energy into these systems after their star formation is curtailed, potentially heating their halos and preventing renewed star formation. Additional observations will be needed to determine what role this feedback may play in helping to quench these systems and/or maintain their quiescent state.

Published
2023
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4. CEERS Key Paper V: A triality on the nature of HST-dark galaxies

Author

Pablo G. Pérez-González, Guillermo Barro, Marianna Annunziatella, Luca Costantin, Ángela García-Argumánez, Elizabeth J. McGrath, Rosa M. Mérida, Jorge A. Zavala, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Micaela B. Bagley, Bren E. Backhaus, Peter Behroozi, Eric F. Bell, Laura Bisigello, Véronique Buat, Antonello Calabrò, Caitlin M. Casey, Nikko J. Cleri, Rosemary T. Coogan, M. C. Cooper, Asantha R. Cooray, Avishai Dekel, Mark Dickinson, David Elbaz, Henry C. Ferguson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Adriano Fontana, Maximilien Franco, Jonathan P. Gardner, Mauro Giavalisco, Carlos Gómez-Guijarro, Andrea Grazian, Norman A. Grogin, Yuchen Guo, Marc Huertas-Company, Shardha Jogee, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Lisa J. Kewley, Allison Kirkpatrick, Dale D. Kocevski, Anton M. Koekemoer, Arianna S. Long, Jennifer M. Lotz, Ray A. Lucas, Casey Papovich, Nor Pirzkal, Swara Ravindranath, Rachel S. Somerville, Sandro Tacchella, Jonathan R. Trump, Weichen Wang, Stephen M. Wilkins, Stijn Wuyts, Guang Yang, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Barro, G [0000-0001-6813-875X], Annunziatella, M [0000-0002-8053-8040], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], García-Argumánez, Á [0000-0002-8365-5525], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Mérida, RM [0000-0001-8115-5845], Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Behroozi, P [0000-0002-2517-6446], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Coogan, RT [0000-0002-4343-0479], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Cooray, AR [0000-0002-3892-0190], Dekel, A [0000-0003-4174-0374], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Elbaz, D [0000-0002-7631-647X], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Franco, M [0000-0002-3560-8599], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Gómez-Guijarro, C [0000-0002-4085-9165], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Long, AS [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Wang, W [0000-0002-9593-8274], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Wuyts, S [0000-0003-3735-1931], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5109 Space Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The new capabilities that JWST offers in the near- and mid-infrared (IR) are used to investigate in unprecedented detail the nature of optical/near-IR faint, mid-IR bright sources, HST-dark galaxies among them. We gather JWST data from the CEERS survey in the EGS, jointly with HST data, and analyze spatially resolved optical-to-mid-IR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to estimate both photometric redshifts in 2 dimensions and stellar populations properties in a pixel-by-pixel basis. We select 138 galaxies with F150W-F356W>1.5 mag, F356W100 Gyr^-1); (2) 18% are quiescent/dormant (i.e., subject to reignition and rejuvenation) galaxies at 3, Comment: Published in CEERS ApJL Focus Issue, ApJL 946, L16

Published
2022
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5. Pharmacokinetics and safety of coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide in children aged 2 years and older with virologically suppressed HIV: a phase 2/3, open-label, single-arm study.

Author

Rodriguez CA, Natukunda E, Strehlau R, Venter EL, Rungmaitree S, Cunningham CK, Lalloo U, Kosalaraksa P, HellstrÖm E, Liberty A, McGrath EJ, Kaur M, Leisegang R, Hindman JT, Vieira VA, Kersey K, Cotton MF, Rakhmanina N, and Gaur AH

Subjects
Humans, Child, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Thailand, United States, South Africa, Drug Combinations, Uganda, Viral Load drug effects, Emtricitabine pharmacokinetics, Emtricitabine administration & dosage, Emtricitabine therapeutic use, Emtricitabine adverse effects, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections virology, Tenofovir pharmacokinetics, Tenofovir administration & dosage, Tenofovir adverse effects, Tenofovir therapeutic use, Tenofovir analogs & derivatives, Anti-HIV Agents pharmacokinetics, Anti-HIV Agents adverse effects, Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Alanine pharmacokinetics, Alanine adverse effects, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings pharmacokinetics, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings adverse effects, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings administration & dosage, Amides pharmacokinetics, Pyridones pharmacokinetics, Pyridones adverse effects, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring pharmacokinetics, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring adverse effects, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring administration & dosage, Piperazines adverse effects, Piperazines pharmacokinetics, Adenine analogs & derivatives, Adenine pharmacokinetics, Adenine adverse effects, Adenine administration & dosage, Adenine therapeutic use
Abstract

Background: Coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide is a single-tablet regimen and was efficacious and well tolerated in children and adolescents with HIV (aged 6 years to <18 years) in a 48-week phase 2/3 trial. In this study, we report data from children aged at least 2 years and weighing 14 kg to less than 25 kg., Methods: We conducted this open-label, multicentre, multicohort, single-arm study in South Africa, Thailand, Uganda, and the USA. Participants were virologically suppressed children with HIV, aged at least 2 years, weighing 14 kg to less than 25 kg. Participants received bictegravir (30 mg), emtricitabine (120 mg), and tenofovir alafenamide (15 mg) once daily, switching to bictegravir (50 mg), emtricitabine (200 mg), and tenofovir alafenamide (25 mg) upon attaining a bodyweight of at least 25 kg. The study included pharmacokinetic evaluation at week 2 to confirm the dose of coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide for this weight band by comparing with previous adult data. Primary outcomes were bictegravir area under the curve over the dosing interval (AUC tau ) and concentration at the end of the dosing interval (C tau ) at week 2, and incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events and laboratory abnormalities until the end of week 24 in all participants who received at least one dose of bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02881320., Findings: Overall, 22 participants were screened (from Nov 14, 2018, to Jan 11, 2020), completed treatment with bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (until week 48), and entered an extension phase. The geometric least squares mean (GLSM) ratio for AUC tau for bictegravir was 7·6% higher than adults (GLSM ratio 107·6%, 90% CI 96·7-119·7); C tau was 34·6% lower than adults (65·4%, 49·1-87·2). Both parameters were within the target exposure range previously found in adults, children, or both". Grade 3-4 laboratory abnormalities occurred in four (18%) participants by the end week 24 and six (27%) by the end of week 48. Drug-related adverse events occurred in three participants (14%) by the end of week 24 and week 48; none were severe. No Grade 3-4 adverse events, serious adverse events, or adverse events leading to discontinuation occurred by the end of week 24 and week 48., Interpretation: Data support the use of single-tablet coformulated bictegravir (30 mg), emtricitabine (120 mg), and tenofovir alafenamide (15 mg) for treatment of HIV in children aged at least 2 years and weighing 14 kg to less than 25 kg., Funding: Gilead Sciences., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests CAR received grant support to their institution from Gilead, GSK, and ViiV Healthcare during the study and outside the submitted work; and support for meeting travel from Gilead outside the submitted work. RS reports grant support to their institution from Gilead, GSK, Merck, and Penta outside the submitted work; and support for meeting travel from Gilead outside the submitted work. CKC and PK report grant support to their institution from Gilead for the conduct of this study. MK, RL, JTH, VAV, and KK are employed by Gilead and hold stocks in Gilead. MFC reports grant support to their institution from Gilead for the conduct of this study. AHG reports clinical trial agreement to their institution from Gilead for the conduct of this study; and is Chair of the Data Safety and Monitoring Board for a study sponsored by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. All other authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)

Published
2024
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6. A tale of two intensive care units (ICUs): Baseline Staphylococcus aureus colonization and mupirocin susceptibility in neonatal and pediatric patients requiring intensive care.

Author

Arora HS, Khan H, Ailumerab H, Natarajan G, Meert K, Salimnia H, Valentini R, Thomas R, Semproch L, Asmar BI, and McGrath EJ

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Newborn, Child, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Infant, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Young Adult, Male, Female, Nasal Mucosa drug effects, Nasal Mucosa microbiology, Umbilical Cord drug effects, Umbilical Cord microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections drug therapy, Staphylococcal Infections microbiology, Cohort Studies, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Mupirocin pharmacology, Mupirocin therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Bacterial drug effects
Abstract

Objective: To assess the incidence rate of S. aureus colonization at baseline along with the mupirocin susceptibility (or resistance) rate in patients in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in conjunction with the implementation of universal decolonization as the standard of care., Design: Prospective cohort study., Setting: Children's Hospital of Michigan (CHM) inpatient intensive care units (ICUs)., Participants: Newly admitted pediatric patients to the CHM NICU or PICU aged between 1 day and ≤21 years., Interventions: Baseline and follow-up S. aureus screening cultures were obtained before patients underwent universal decolonization with mupirocin 2% antibiotic ointment (intranasal and umbilical) and chlorhexidine baths as standard of care to reduce CLABSI rates., Results: Baseline S. aureus colonization rates of new admissions to the CHM NICU and PICU were high at 32% and 29%, respectively. Baseline mupirocin susceptibility to any S. aureus growth was 98.4%. All baseline culture isolates whether positive for MRSA or MSSA, with one exception, had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ≤0.19 µg/mL. All follow-up study cultures after universal decolonization at 7 days or beyond with any S. aureus growth had mupirocin MICs of ≤0.125 µg/mL., Conclusions: Baseline S. aureus colonization rates of new admissions to the CHM ICUs were high as was baseline mupirocin susceptibility. Follow-up cultures, albeit limited in number, did not detect increasing mupirocin MICs over 1 year, despite broad mupirocin exposure due to the implementation of universal decolonization.

Published
2023
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7. Clinicopathological characteristics of individuals with coexisting melanoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a multicentre cohort study.

Author

Fisher RM, Ji-Xu A, Abbott R, Basu T, Brown A, Foley C, Glen C, Gupta G, Hasan Z, Ismail F, Khalid A, Khoo ABS, Koumaki D, Lally A, Lear JT, McGrath EJ, McKenna K, Milligan A, Mulholland O, Tasker F, Harwood CA, Proby CM, and Matin RN

Subjects
Humans, Cohort Studies, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell complications, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell epidemiology, Melanoma complications, Melanoma epidemiology, Melanoma pathology, Skin Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Background: Individuals with a prior diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) have a higher risk of developing melanoma and exhibit poorer outcomes than patients without CLL. However, there are limited data reporting the clinicopathological features of melanoma diagnosed in patients with CLL., Aims: To review clinicopathological characteristics of patients with coexisting diagnoses of melanoma and CLL., Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken for patients with coexisting diagnoses of melanoma and CLL between 2005 and 2015 in 11 centres in the UK and Ireland., Results: Overall, 46 cutaneous melanomas identified in 45 patients were included. In 28 (62.2%) patients, melanoma was diagnosed after an existing diagnosis of CLL. In this group, mean Breslow thickness was 2.7 mm (range 0.2-25 mm). Ten patients (35.7%) developed locoregional recurrence and 8 (28.6%) developed distant metastases. Melanoma-specific mortality was 5 of 28 (17.9%) and all-cause mortality was 13 of 28 (46.4%). In 17 patients, melanoma was diagnosed before CLL. In this group, mean BT was 2.9 mm (range 0.4-14 mm); five patients (29.4%) developed locoregional recurrence and three (17.6%) developed distant metastases. Melanoma-specific mortality was 1 of 17 (5.8%) and all-cause mortality was 5 of 17 (29.4%) in this group., Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first and largest cohort study to report clinicopathological data of coexisting melanoma and CLL in the UK and Ireland. Although the thickness of primary melanoma was not different before or after a CLL diagnosis, melanoma recurrence and melanoma-specific mortality appear to be more common in patients with a prior diagnosis of CLL., (© 2022 British Association of Dermatologists.)

Published
2022
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8. The effect of lockdown on melanoma stage in Devon, UK.

Author

Heath HT, McGrath EJ, and Acheson P

Subjects
Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Neoplasm Staging, Pandemics, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, United Kingdom epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, Melanoma epidemiology, Melanoma pathology, Skin Neoplasms epidemiology, Skin Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

We performed a prospective analysis of Breslow thickness in melanoma before the COVID-19 pandemic and after. It shows that there is a statistically significant increase in melanoma thickness, and ultimately melanoma staging, since the pandemic began., (© 2022 British Association of Dermatologists.)

Published
2022
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