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Abstract Hot-carrier solar cells offer the potential for enhanced power conversion efficiency by tapping into the kinetic energy of hot carriers generated upon sunlight absorption. This involves using specially designed materials capable of efficiently extracting and utilizing the energy of these hot carriers to produce electrical power. Here, we observed such a hot carrier effect in hexamine doped methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite solar cells when exposed to 100 mW/cm2 of 5000 K white LED light. We discovered that these perovskite solar cells exhibited remarkable power conversion efficiency, reaching up to 54.22% with the Voc (open-circuit voltage) and Jsc (short-circuit current density) values were measured at 1.10 V and 54 mA/cm2, respectively. In comparison, under similar conditions but using a solar simulator, the power conversion efficiency remained below 20%. Our results suggest that the high PCE under white LED irradiation is due to the fine resonance between the light energy and perovskite band gap energy, enabling long carrier lifetime and then allowing massive photovoltaics process. These findings highlight the alternative to achieve hot carrier’s perovskite solar cells and efficient energy generation by converting light energy into the wavelength match with the perovskite materials absorber energy band gap.

With the use of several plasticizers (orange peel extract, chitosan, and sorbitol), rice straw cellulose has been used to synthesize and characterize bioplastics. This study aims to synthesize and characterize bioplastics from rice straw cellulose with various additions of plasticizers, namely orange-peel extract, chitosan, and sorbitol, each with a certain concentration so that quality improvement can occur. The methods used in this study include testing the tensile strength value, testing the percentage elongation, and testing the percentage of biodegradation. In addition, functional group characterization tests were also carried out using FTIR. The results obtained in this study were the best values for tensile strength and percentage elongation in treatment A, namely 10.2611 MPa and 13.88%. The percentage of biodegradation for 7 days reached 50.58%. Functional group absorptions were found in various plasticizers, namely C-H, O-H, C-O, C-N, and C=C. Based on existing data, bioplastics synthesized using rice straw cellulose in various plasticizers meet JIS (Japan Industrial Standards).

The experiments were carried out using Te-TiO2/Ti as working electrodes, prepared by the simple anodization technique and dip coating method, on Ti substrates (TiO2/Ti). The measurements were performed in an electrochemical cell using a three-electrode system, with Te-TiO2/Ti as the working electrode, Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode and pt as the auxiliary electrode. A flow system for determining the profile and photocurrent response of reactive orange 84 was developed using Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) and Multi-Pulse Amperometry (MPA). The physicochemical properties of Te-TiO2/Ti electrodes have been studied using UV–vis DRS analysis techniques and compared with un-doped TiO2/Ti electrodes. The UV–vis DRS showed that the TiO2/Ti doped Te functionally decreases bandgap to 3.0 eV. The results showed that the photocurrent of reactive orange 84 was observed in the concentration range (1-5 μM), with a linear response between concentration and charge.

Husoak Village, Hubikiak District Jayawijaya is one of the regions in Papua province where plants including chili. The cultivation system are extensively and using traditional method depending on soil nutrients. The aim of the research is to see how utilizing a mix of organic fertilizer and mulch affects the growth and development of chili plants. This research was conducted based on a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments. namely P1 = compost; P2 = compost + liquid organic fertilizer + plastic mulch; P3 = compost +TiO2+liquid organic fertilizer + plastic mulch; P4= Control (No Treatment). When compared to the control. the results showed that using a mix of organic fertilizer (compost and liquid organic) and mulch had an effect that was not significant. This demonstrates that cayenne pepper plants may still get the nutrients they require from nutrients available in the soil. Fertile land is still classified as cultivated land.

A rapid and facile method for detecting profenofos is crucial for environmental surveillance and ensuring product quality. Electrochemical sensing, as appears presents significant potential as a nascent technology for profenofos detection in recent years. Herein, NiO-CuO bimetallic modified graphene paste electrode/TiO2 was developed for the detection of profenofos over cyclic voltammetry technique. The TiO2@NiO-CuO were synthesized through the sol-gel method and characterized by various analyses such as SEM, XRD, and FTIR and electrochemical techniques. The superior electrochemical properties of the suggested GPE/TiO2@NiO-CuO were demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry investigations performed in Fe(CN)64-/3- solution. The electrode performance of GPE/TiO2 doped with NiO-CuO towards K3FeCN6 solution is notably enhanced compared to GPE/TiO2 undoped. Doping notably increased the conductivity of the GPE/TiO2, leading to a performance enhancement in the electrocatalytic activity and detection sensitivity of profenofos. Under optimum conditions, the GPE/TiO2@NiO-CuO demonstrated an impressively low detection limit of 0.00132 µg/L, coupled with a favorable detection range spanning from 1.0 μg/L to 10 μg/L with correlation coefficient R² = 0.992. Moreover, the electrode demonstrates remarkably very good stability, and repeatability with %RSD is only 0.94% over 11 repeated measurements. These results signify that GPE/TiO2@NiO-CuO for detecting profenofos, demonstrates exceptional excellent linearity, repeatability, and promising sensitivity for pesticide detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the heightened sensitivity of the electrochemical formaldehyde detection achieved by incorporating a modified graphene paste electrode with a titanium dioxide-silver (TiO2/Ag) composite (GTA). The G-TiO2 matrix was augmented with varying masses of silver modifiers, namely, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 g, aiming to establish the most effective composition for formaldehyde detection. Characterization through scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the material's composition, revealing GTA electrode nanocomposites consisting of carbon, oxygen, titanium, and silver with the compositions of 77.05, 19.46, 2.39, and 1.11%, respectively. An electrochemical analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of the developed electrode in a 1 M K3[Fe(CN)6] solution. Furthermore, a real sample testing was performed to evaluate the practical utility of the electrode gauging its efficiency through the calculation of percentage recovery before and after treatment. The GTA electrode with a 0.4 g Ag modifier exhibited the optimal performance, as evidenced by a Horwitz Ratio stability test result of 1.38% and a limit of detection of 0.0168 µg/L. This research highlights the promising potential of the GTA electrode for the precise and sensitive formaldehyde detection, particularly in processed food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is focused on the development of a potential novel heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production. A novel catalyst based on TiO2 modified of 3d elements such as Fe and Ni metal (Fe/TiO2-Ni). A series of Fe/TiO2-Ni nanocomposites was prepared using a sol-gel method and calcined at 500 °C. The catalyst's surface morphology, structural crystal, and molecular structure were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The mean particle size of the Fe/TiO2-Ni nanocomposite was estimated to be 9.16 nm. The results of nanocomposite analysis represented that the distribution of Fe and Ni elements in the lattice of TiO2 nanoparticles has been successfully synthesized. The GC-MS analysis indicated that the main component of methyl ester for coconut oil contains methyl laurate (C13H26O2) at 51.38%, methyl octanoate (C9H18O2) at 18.75%, methyl caprate (C11H22O2) at 10.21, and methyl myristate (C14H28O2) at 8.80%. A catalyst examination was conducted following ASTM standards for coconut oil biodiesel production and was discovered to be within standards. Therefore, a catalyst based on TiO2 modified of 3d elements (such as Fe and Ni metal) became a promising candidate for biodiesel production in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]