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Inheritance law in Europe has undergone considerable development and its roots can be found, as in most areas of private law, in the Roman law. The aim of the paper is to provide a brief comparison of the view of inheritance law and its content within the framework of the Roman law, the Medieval law and the contemporary Slovak law and Czech law, with an overlap into the intended recodification. We will be particularly interested in the view on the purpose of inheritance law in these different historical epochs and the possibilities of the disposition mortis causa in them. We will also point out how the approach to inheritance law affects the society in which it is constituted. We will also pay attention to those historical institutes of inheritance law that could be applicable within the framework of the planned recodification of the Slovak private law.

The aim of the study is to point out the fact that the evolution of human society is accompanied by constant wars, which demanded a response to its existence also at the level of socio-legal philosophy. It deals with this issue from a legal, moral, and ethical point of view, which, in this case, are basically intertwined in the concept of a just war. Its roots go back to antiquity, and it is also a part of modern war law and philosophy. A relatively significant shift in this concept occurred precisely in the Middle Ages because of Christian wars, or under the influence of medieval teachings. This development continued in the early modern period in connection with the colonization of America. Therefore, in this study, we will focus on the views of Thomas Aquinas (as a representative of the High Middle Ages and scholasticism) and Francisco de Vitoria (as a representative of the Early Modern Age and the School of Salamanca). This topic is even more relevant because nowadays theories of just war are no longer viewed only at the level of a harmless academic debate, but they are beginning to be more and more accentuated as tools serving specific goals of the time.

Vyšný, P. Pravek práva. Praha: Leges, 2021, 128 s.