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The scattering matrix method is applied to investigate the propagation characteristics of obliquely incident terahertz (THz) waves in inhomogeneous fully ionized dusty plasma. The propagation coefficients of THz waves are analyzed with different physical parameters in the case of parabolic electron density distribution. The results show that the transmissivity of lower frequency THz waves have a noticeable variation with the change of physical parameters. However, the transmissivity values can rapidly approach 1 in higher frequency band. We notice that there is a critical value f c ≈ 0.045 THz. When f > f c , the transmissivity increases as the dust particles density and radius increase. However, it is somewhat opposite when f < f c . Significantly, the THz waves exhibit a greater propensity for penetrating fully ionized dusty plasma compared with the weakly ionized dusty plasma. To a certain degree, the investigation results provide new ideas for addressing the issue of "blackout". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cable-driven serial-parallel (CDSP) manipulators have a small size and large load/mass ratio and represent an ideal scheme for humanoid manipulators. However, owing to the multilevel mapping relationship among the end-effector, joints, cables, and motors, as well as the complex cable transmission path and cable–pulley contact, the modeling and control of such manipulators are highly complex. In this study, the kinematics and dynamics models for a CDSP manipulator were established, and a dynamic controller was proposed. First, the structure and cable transmission path of a CDSP manipulator were described. A kinematics equivalent method was used to equate the cable-driven parallel joint in the manipulator to an Equivalent pair. Using the proposed equivalent method, along with analytical and numerical methods, the kinematic equations were derived. In addition, the dynamic equations including those for the cable–pulley contact, cable tension, and joint variables were derived. Considering the actual control requirements, the cable tensions were optimized to obtain the minimum solution. Moreover, a dynamic control strategy was formulated. Finally, a prototype of the proposed manipulator was fabricated, and the cable tension of its joints and the pose accuracy of its end-effector were tested to verify the models and dynamic control method. The experiment results demonstrated that the kinematic and dynamic models are valid, and the dynamic controller is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-response situations are inevitable in sample survey work, and this is also true in dual sampling frame. In view of this, this study proposes alternative imputation techniques to solve the problem of missing data and further suggests an estimate of the population total in dual sampling frame. The properties of the suggested estimator are analyzed, and its empirical results are compared to the entire response situation. Based on the results obtained, appropriate suggestions have been proposed to survey practitioners and researchers for their practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The KRT77 gene is a type II epithelial cell α-keratin gene family member that plays a crucial role in animal epidermal and coat formation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the KRT77 gene and the adaptability of Chinese cattle in varying environments by exploring the distribution of an exon insertion of the KRT77 gene in different cattle populations. Our analysis involved amplifying and sequencing DNA samples from 362 individuals from 24 cattle breeds in China. Our findings reveal a gradual increase in the frequency of insertion from the northwest to the southeast population. We conducted an association analysis between the genotypes and climate data, revealing a correlation between the insertion and local annual mean temperature, relative humidity, and temperature humidity index. The study highlights the significance of the newly identified KRT77 gene insertion as a variation associated with environmental adaptation in Chinese cattle. This insertion variation increased insights into the genetic mechanisms that drive adaptation in Chinese cattle, emphasizing the importance of the 30-bp insertion in the KRT77 gene. Our findings facilitate further research to improve cattle breeding strategies for adaptability to changing environments from the northwest to the southeast population. In conclusion, this study provides value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of Rydberg dressing technology to achieve long-range soft-core interaction in Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) opens up new avenues for exploration of supersolid and its related phenomenon. We investigate the ground state of a two-component spin–orbit-coupled BECs with both long-range soft-core and contact interactions in radially periodic potentials. Our results show that the ground-state structures of the system are strongly influenced by spin–orbit coupling, contact interactions, long-range soft-core interactions, and the amplitude of the external potential. We find that such parameters can been used to induce desired ground-states structures, such as necklace structure of lump, striped standing wave, and especially ring dark soliton. Furthermore, we observe that the long-range soft-core interactions are used to manipulate the transition between miscible-immiscible phases like contact interactions. Our research provides another degree of freedom for manipulating supersolids in spin–orbit-coupled BECs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with colorectal cancer. Given the significance of both epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells and the immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM), the interplay between them could hold the key for developing improved treatment options. We employed multiomics analysis of 130 samples from 18 patients with synchronous CRLM integrated with external datasets to comprehensively evaluate the interaction between immune cells and EMT of tumor cells in liver metastasis. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct distributions of nonmalignant cells between primary tumors from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and non-metastatic colorectal cancer, showing that Th17 cells were predominantly enriched in the primary lesion of mCRC. TWEAK, a cytokine secreted by Th17 cells, promoted EMT by binding to receptor Fn14 on tumor cells, and the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction enhanced tumor migration and invasion. In mouse models, targeting Fn14 using CRISPR-induced knockout or lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated siRNA alleviated metastasis and prolonged survival. Mice lacking Il17a or Tnfsf12 (encoding TWEAK) exhibited fewer metastases compared with wild-type mice, while cotransfer of Th17 with tumor cells promoted liver metastasis. Higher TWEAK expression was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. In addition, CD163L1+ macrophages interacted with Th17 cells, recruiting Th17 via the CCL4-CCR5 axis. Collectively, this study unveils the role of immune cells in the EMT process and identifies TWEAK secreted by Th17 as a driver of CRLM., Significance: TWEAK secreted by Th17 cells promotes EMT by binding to Fn14 on colorectal cancer cells, suggesting that blocking the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction may be a promising therapeutic approach to inhibit liver metastasis., (©2024 American Association for Cancer Research.)