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Danxu Ma,1 Abulaihaiti Maimaitimin,2 Yun Wang3 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Moyu Uighur Medicine Hospital, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yun Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, People’s Republic of China, Email wangyun129@ccmu.edu.cnObjective: Cervicogenic headache (CEH) is a condition resulting from upper cervical spine dysfunction and associated structural and soft tissue abnormalities, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. To acquire better therapeutic results, we presented a novel ultrasound-guided “three in one” approach plus interfascial plane (IFP) blocks for the treatment of CEH. This approach allows for the modulation of C2 dorsal root ganglion (DRG), third occipital nerve (TON), and C3 medial branch with one-point puncture. Additionally, it allows for IFP blocks between the upper neck and occipital muscles within the same scanning plane.Patients and Methods: We evaluated patients diagnosed with CEH from July 2021 to December 2022 in our pain clinic. We included those who did not respond to conservative treatment and single occipital nerve block, therefore received nerve block or pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) using the “Three in One” approach plus IFP blocks. The accuracy of the ultrasound-guided C2 DRG puncture procedures was confirmed through fluoroscopy with C-arm and the sensory testing of PRF. The therapeutic effect of these interventions was assessed using the numerical rating scale (NRS) scores during telephone follow-ups at 1, 3, and 6 months.Results: Utilizing the “Three in One” approach, a total of 5 patient

Ruijuan Guo,1 Huanrong Qiu,1 Huili Li,2 Danxu Ma,2 Yun Guan,3 Yun Wang2 1Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USACorrespondence: Yun Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-010-85231330, Fax +86-10-65077808, Email wangyun129@ccmu.edu.cnPurpose: Subcutaneous infiltration of capsaicin, which initially activates transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors, can subsequently desensitize TRPV1-expressing nociceptors and induce analgesia in different pain models. Yet, whether the modulation of keratinocytes may also contribute to the analgesic action of capsaicin treatment remains unclear. In a rat model of postoperative pain, we tested the hypothesis that subcutaneous injection of capsaicin inhibited the proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and their expression of pronociceptive inflammatory mediators after plantar incision.Methods: The plantar incision model was carried out in the current study. Behavioral tests were used to evaluate postoperative pain-related behaviors in rats. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate epidermal keratinocytes proliferation and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in keratinocytes in rats.Results: Behaviorally, plantar incision induced robust postoperative pain hypersensitivity. However, subcutaneous pretreatment of capsaicin (1%) but not the vehicle, prevented the development of postoperative pain. There was an increased proliferation of keratinocytes and the expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumour n