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Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of three different types of bariatric surgeries, namely, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), one-anastomotic gastric bypass (OAGB), and single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass, in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MS). The optimal approach for managing MS remains uncertain, and thus this study aimed to provide a recent analysis of the efficacy of these surgical procedures. This retrospective study evaluated data of individuals who underwent SG, OAGB, and SASI bypass. The primary outcome measures included weight, body mass index (BMI), glucolipid metabolic index, and the occurrence of treatment-related complications within 6 to 12 months post-surgery. A total of 324 patients were included in this study. Of these, 264 patients underwent SG, 30 underwent OAGB, and 30 underwent SASI bypass. A significant decrease in weight was observed at the 6-month and 12-month marks following all three surgical procedures. Of these, patients who underwent SASI bypass exhibited the greatest reduction in weight and BMI post-surgery. Furthermore, the SASI bypass was associated with a significantly higher percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) and excess body mass index loss (%EBMIL) compared to SG and OAGB. Patients who underwent OAGB and SASI bypass demonstrated notable improvements in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients who underwent SASI bypass and OAGB experienced greater postoperative comfort and reported fewer complaints of discomfort compared to the other procedure. Based on the retrospective analysis of the data, SASI bypass was associated with greater reductions in weight and BMI, higher percentages of %TWL and %EBMIL, and better improvement in T2DM compared to SG and OAGB. Therefore, both SASI bypass and OAGB were found to be more effective than SG in the treatment of MS.

Near-space high-altitude balloon-based platforms have a series of advantages and provide superior conditions for optical observation. In order to ensure the stability of the optical axis of the optical detection load and stable tracking of the target, a near-space high-altitude balloon-based high-precision pointing and tracking system was designed, which can compensate for changes in the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the platform during flight. The system includes a primary platform stable pointing system and a secondary precise tracking system. In the finished flight experiment, the primary platform pointing system and secondary precise tracking system on the balloon-based observation platform worked normally, providing a guarantee for the coronagraph’s stable tracking and detection of the sun. The primary platform pointing system can realize ±1° pointing accuracy, and the simulated accuracy of the secondary precise tracking system is 4″, which guaranteed that the coronagraph obtained more than 20,000 images. In subsequent works, we will upgrade and optimize the whole system and conduct our next flight experiment in the future.

A herringbone gear transmission system with star gear train is taken as the research object. In order to find the cause of system resonance， a modal-analyzing 3D finite element model is established to analyze the modal characteristics of herringbone gear transmission system of star gear train. Firstly， according to the experimental results of star gear train， the resonance caused by rotational frequency excitation and meshing frequency excitation is the main part of the vibration amplitude of the system. According to this phenomenon， a 3D finite element model is established based on the meshing stiffness matrix to analyze the modal characteristics of the system. The results show that the rotational frequency resonance mode and meshing frequency resonance mode obtained by simulation are uniquely corresponding to the experiment data， and the meshing frequency resonance mode is mainly represented by the fifth pitch diameter vibration mode of the inner gear and the torsional vibration mode of the coupled gear pair. This finite element model provides a valuable reference method for resonance prediction and resonance cause analysis of herringbone gear transmission system with star gear train.

Taking a herringbone gear transmission system with star gear train as the research object and based on the finite node method，a system-level dynamics model considering shaft-bearing-rigid rotor and the meshing of gears is established. The dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed based on the RMS of vibration velocity at the bearings with the rotation speeds. Then the theoretical analysis results are compared with the experimental data to verify the reliability of the proposed model. After that，based on the analysis of vibration characteristics and modal characteristics of the gear system，resonance localization and resonance cause analysis are carried out. The results show that the theoretical analysis is in good agreement with experimental results. This study provides a valuable reference method for resonance prediction and resonance cause analysis of herringbone gear transmission system of star gear train.

The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provides a new application mode for gas remote sensing. Compared with fixed observation and vehicle-mounted platforms, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) integrated in the UAV can monitor chemical gases across a large area, can collect data from multiple angles in three-dimensional space, and can operate in contaminated or hazardous environments. The unmanned helicopter has a larger payload and longer endurance than the rotary-wing drone, which relaxes the weight, size and power consumption limitations of the spectrometer. A FTIR remote sensing system integrated in an unmanned helicopter was developed. In order to solve the data acquisition and analysis problem caused by vibration and attitude instability of the unmanned helicopter, a dual-channel parallel oscillating mirror was designed to improve the stability of the interferometer module, and a robust principal component analysis algorithm based on kernel function was used to separate background spectrum and gas features. The flight experiment of sulfur hexafluoride gas detection was carried out. The results show that the system operates stably and can collect and identify the target spectrum in real time under the motion and hovering modes of an unmanned helicopter, which has broad application prospects.

A herringbone gear transmission system is taken as the research object. A method of gear system-level modeling and simulation analysis is proposed. Based on the finite element node method，a dynamic model considering rigid rotor-shaft-bearing and the meshing of gears is established. Then the resonance speed of the system is analyzed and the result is compared with the experimental data to verify the reliability and limitations of the finite element node model. Then a 3D finite element model used for natural frequency calculation and vibration mode analysis is established. The modeling of gear meshing is used in finite element node method. Finally，combined with the modal analysis and response analysis，the theoretical analysis is compared with the experimental data. And the cause of experimental resonance is determined and resonance localization is realized，which provides direction for decreasing the vibration amplitude and avoiding the vibration.

The near-space atmosphere is thin, and the atmospheric refraction and scattering on optical observation is very small, making it very suitable for wide-area and high-resolution surveillance using high-altitude balloon platforms. This paper adopts a 9344 × 7000 CMOS sensor to obtain high-resolution images, generating large-field-of-view imaging through the swing scanning of the photoelectric sphere and image stitching. In addition, a zoom lens is designed to achieve flexible applications for different scenarios, such as large-field-of-view and high-resolution imaging. The optical design results show that the camera system has good imaging quality within the focal length range of 320 mm–106.7 mm, and the relative distortion values at different focal lengths are less than 2%. The flight results indicate that the system can achieve seamless image stitching at a resolution of 0.2 m@20 km and the imaging field of view angle exceeds 33°. This system will perform other near-space flight experiments to verify its ultra-wide (field of view exceeding 100°) high-resolution imaging application.

Multi-scale feature fusion techniques and covariance pooling have been shown to have positive implications for completing computer vision tasks, including fine-grained image classification. However, existing algorithms that use multi-scale feature fusion techniques for fine-grained classification tend to consider only the first-order information of the features, failing to capture more discriminative features. Likewise, existing fine-grained classification algorithms using covariance pooling tend to focus only on the correlation between feature channels without considering how to better capture the global and local features of the image. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-scale covariance pooling network (MSCPN) that can capture and better fuse features at different scales to generate more representative features. Experimental results on the CUB200 and MIT indoor67 datasets achieve state-of-the-art performance (CUB200: 94.31% and MIT indoor67: 92.11%).

The natural farming in Japan mainly includes Mokich Okada's natural farming theory and Masanobu Fukuoka's natural farming theory in terms of genre. Natural farming was proposed and implemented to deal with the anabatic soil degradation and food safety problems. Among them, Mokich Okada's natural farming theory advocates the restoration of the agricultural tradition of the past and combination with modern agricultural science and technology; Masanobu Fukuoka's natural farming theory advocates a complete return to natural and traditional farming and puts forward a set of green agricultural cultivation methods focusing on injurious insect control with beneficial insect, weed control with green herbaceous plants, soil reclamation with grass, nontoxic and cost-reducing method based on the Japanese ancient agricultural books. Their natural farming theories have been widely popularized and applied in Japan, and its successful experience is worthy of study and reference for China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background This study investigated whether a novel multi-injection intertransverse process block could provide non-inferior analgesia and recovery quality following major breast cancer surgery compared with the multi-injection thoracic paravertebral block. Methods Eighty-eight females who underwent mastectomy plus sentinel or axillary lymph node dissection were randomized to receive either intertransverse process block or thoracic paravertebral block, both performed at T2-6 with 5 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine per level. The primary outcome was the worst resting pain score (11-point Numerical Rating Scale) within 30 min in the recovery room. The secondary outcome was recovery quality (15-item quality of recovery scale) 24 hours after surgery, which was tested following a gatekeeping procedure. Results The worst resting pain scores were 0 (0, 1) in the intertransverse process block group vs 0.5 (0, 2) in the thoracic paravertebral block group, with a median difference of 0 (95% CI 0 to 0); the upper 95% CI limit was lower than the prespecified non-inferiority margin of 1 point (non-inferiority p<0.001). Aggregate scores of recovery quality at 24 hours postoperatively were 137.5 (126.5, 142.8) and 137.5 (127.8, 145.0) for the intertransverse process and thoracic paravertebral block groups, respectively, with a median difference of -1 (95% CI -6 to 3); the lower 95% CI limit was larger than the prespecified non-inferiority margin of -8 (non-inferiority p=0.006). Conclusions Compared with a multi-injection thoracic paravertebral block, the multi-injection intertransverse process block provided non-inferior analgesia within 30 min in the recovery room and recovery quality at 24 hours following major breast cancer surgery in females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]