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4 results on '"Loh, Gunnar"'

1. In vitro assessment of the immunomodulatory effects of probiotic Bacillus strains on chicken PBMCs.

Author

Larsberg, Filip, Sprechert, Maximilian, Hesse, Deike, Falker-Gieske, Clemens, Loh, Gunnar, Brockmann, Gudrun A., and Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne

Subjects
MONONUCLEAR leukocytes, GENE expression, AGRICULTURE, BROILER chickens, IMMUNOREGULATION
Abstract

The beneficial effects of feeding probiotic Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 (BS) and Bacillus velezensis CECT 5940 (BV) to chickens in vivo are well-documented, with potential immune modulation as a key mechanism. In this study, we investigated the direct interactions of chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with BS or BV in vitro through whole transcriptome profiling and cytokine array analysis. Transcriptome profiling revealed 20 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to both Bacillus treatments, with twelve DEGs identified in BS-treated PBMCs and eight in BV-treated PBMCs. Pathway analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated significant regulation of immune-related pathways by both BS and BV. Notably, BS treatment upregulated genes associated with immune cell surface markers (CD4, CD25, CD28), anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), while downregulating the gene encoding pro-inflammatory IL-16. BV treatment similarly affected genes associated with immune cell surface markers, IL-16, and CCL5, with no impact on the gene encoding IL-10. Both treatments induced higher expression of the gene encoding the avian β-defensin 1 (AvBD1). The results of this in vitro study indicate an immunomodulatory effect of BS and BV in chicken PBMCs by regulating genes involved in anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, protective, and pro-inflammatory responses. Consequently, BS and BV may serve to augment the immune system's capacity to defend against infection by modulating immune responses and cytokine expression. Thus, the administration of these probiotics holds promise for reducing reliance on antimicrobials in farming practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Probiotic Bacillus Strains Enhance T Cell Responses in Chicken

Author

Ebani, Valentina Virginia, Larsberg, Filip, Sprechert, Maximilian, Hesse, Deike, Loh, Gunnar, Brockmann, Gudrun A, Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne, Ebani, Valentina Virginia, Larsberg, Filip, Sprechert, Maximilian, Hesse, Deike, Loh, Gunnar, Brockmann, Gudrun A, and Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne

Abstract

This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin., Banning antibiotic growth promotors and other antimicrobials in poultry production due to the increasing antimicrobial resistance leads to increased feeding of potential alternatives such as probiotics. However, the modes of action of those feed additives are not entirely understood. They could act even with a direct effect on the immune system. A previously established animal-related in vitro system using primary cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was applied to investigate the effects of immune-modulating feed additives. Here, the immunomodulation of different preparations of two probiotic Bacillus strains, B. subtilis DSM 32315 (BS), and B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 (BA) was evaluated. The count of T-helper cells and activated T-helper cells increased after treatment in a ratio of 1:3 (PBMCs: Bacillus) with vital BS (CD4+: p < 0.05; CD4+CD25+: p < 0.01). Furthermore, vital BS enhanced the proliferation and activation of cytotoxic T cells (CD8+: p < 0.05; CD8+CD25+: p < 0.05). Cell-free probiotic culture supernatants of BS increased the count of activated T-helper cells (CD4+CD25+: p < 0.1). UV-inactivated BS increased the proportion of cytotoxic T cells significantly (CD8+: p < 0.01). Our results point towards a possible involvement of secreted factors of BS in T-helper cell activation and proliferation, whereas it stimulates cytotoxic T cells presumably through surface contact. We could not observe any effect on B cells after treatment with different preparations of BS. After treatment with vital BA in a ratio of 1:3 (PBMCs:Bacillus), the count of T-helper cells and activated T-helper cells increased (CD4+: p < 0.01; CD4+CD25+: p < 0.05). Cell-free probiotic culture supernatants of BA as well as UV-inactivated BA had no effect on T cell proliferation and activation. Furthermore, we found no effect of BA preparations on B cells. Overall, we demonstrate that the two different Bacillus strains enhanced T cell activation and proliferation, which p, Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Peer Reviewed

Published
2023

4. A nutritional supplement based on a synbiotic combination of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 and L-alanyl-L-glutamine improves glucose metabolism in healthy prediabetic subjects – A real-life post-marketing study

Author

Kordowski, Anna, primary, Tetzlaff-Lelleck, Vivian Valeska, additional, Speckmann, Bodo, additional, Loh, Gunnar, additional, Künstner, Axel, additional, Schulz, Franziska, additional, Schröder, Torsten, additional, Smollich, Martin, additional, Sina, Christian, additional, and tom Dieck, Heike, additional

Published
2022
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