Search

Chronic diseases are associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. However, the mechanism of this relation is not clear. In this study, we explored the mediating role of instrumental activities of daily living and the moderating role of area of residence in the relationship between chronic diseases and depression. The data was from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. Results showed that chronic diseases were positively correlated with depression, and negatively associated with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Moreover, IADLs mediated the relationship between chronic diseases and depression. In addition, area of residence (rural/urban) moderated the relation between IADLs and depression, such that this negative relation was stronger for old adults lived in rural area than for urban area. These results have important significance for prevention and intervention of depression in the elderly., Author(s): Jing Yuan [sup.1] , Yan Wang [sup.1] , Zejun Liu [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/01p884a79, grid.256885.4, 0000 0004 1791 4722, School of Nursing, Hebei University, , Baoding, Hebei, China [...]

The coating endows superwetting, biocompatibility, ionic conductivity and many other advanced functions of gel materials to traditional solids. Recently, many novel strategies for making gel coatings have emerged, targeting environmental adaptability, eco- and user-friendly demands, etc. In this review, we first summarize different types of interfacial interactions between gels and substrates. Then, general principles are discussed for preparing gel coatings on diverse solids with robust adhesion. Various practical attributes, such as oxygen tolerance and universal adhesion strategies are highlighted. Some promising applications of hydrogel and organogel coatings are mentioned. In the end, the current challenges and outlook of gel coating technology are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Past research showed that emotional contexts can impair recognition memory for the target item. Given that item‐context congruity may enhance recognition memory, the present study aims to examine the effect of the congruent emotional encoding contexts on recognition memory. Participants studied congruent word‐picture pairs (e.g., the word "cow" – a picture describing a cow) and incongruent word‐picture pairs (e.g., the word "cow" – a picture describing a goat) and, subsequently, were asked to report the nature of the picture (emotional or neutral). Behavioral results revealed that emotional contexts impaired source but not item recognition, with congruent word‐context mitigating this impairment and enhancing item recognition. Neural results from ERPs and theta oscillations found the recollection process, as shown by the LPC old/new effect and theta oscillations, for both item and source recognition across emotional contexts, irrespective of congruity. Meanwhile, the familiarity process as indexed by the FN400 old/new effect was found only for item recognition in congruent emotional contexts. These findings suggest that the congruent relationship of item‐context could mitigate the emotion‐induced source memory impairment and enhance item memory, with neural results elucidating the memory processes involved in retrieval of emotional information. Specifically, while emotion‐related information generally elicits the recollection‐based memory process, only congruent emotional information elicits the familiarity‐based process. Focusing on the semantically congruent connection between emotional context and item, the current study aims to investigate how it affects two types of recognition memory and their underlying neural substrates. The results showed that there were similar neural substrates between item memory and source memory, but significantly different effects of congruent emotional contexts on item memory and source memory performance were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil aquifer treatment (SAT) has been widely applied for wastewater reclamation, which cooperates secondary treatment (i.e. A2O process) and disinfection treatment (chlorination) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), to remove organic matter. This study compared dissolved organic carbon (DOC) characteristics, substrate utilisation patterns, and microbial communities between pre-chlorination SAT and SAT columns, and effective removals of DOC were observed in the pre-chlorination SAT and SAT columns. However, the composition of HiA in SAT columns without chlorination was less than in pre-chlorination SAT columns for DOC fraction. In comparison to A2O effluent, different metabolic patterns and the composition of the microbial community were demonstrated by the top layer of SAT column and pre-chlorination SAT column. Furthermore, deeper layers showed similarities in the metabolic pattern and composition of the microbial community. Overall, pre-chlorination minimised the change of the microbial communities from A2O effluent in the top layer of SAT except for deeper layers, and DOC concentrations decreased in pre-chlorination SAT column. Thus, the cooperation of SAT and wastewater treatments could be suitable for wastewater reclamation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Less information is available about the temporal relationship between depression in the elderly and cognitive decline. In the current study, we (1) evaluated the temporal association between depression and cognitive decline in older adults over a 4-year period; (2) indicated which cognitive domains have a strong temporal relationship with depression.Methods: Using data from China Family Panel Studies, we examined the relationship between depression and cognition among adults aged 65 and older with a cross-lagged design.Results: The results showed that initial depression affected subsequent cognitive function, especially immediate and delayed recall, but that cognition decline did not predict depression over time.Conclusion: The findings suggest that depression precedes cognitive decline in older adults, which is of great significance for the future research of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]