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In the face of growing health challenges, nontraditional sources of data, such as open data, have the potential to transform how decisions are made and used to inform public health policies. Focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic, this article presents a case study employing sentiment analysis on unstructured social media data from Twitter (now X) to gauge public sentiment regarding pandemic-related restrictions. Our study aims to uncover and analyze Jamaican citizens’ emotions and opinions surrounding COVID-19 restrictions following an outbreak at a call center in April 2020. Machine learning sentiment analysis was used to analyze tweets from Twitter related to the lockdown. A total of 1 609 tweets were retrieved and analyzed, 76% of which expressed negative sentiments, suggesting that the majority of citizens were not in favor of the restrictions. The low compliance with the government-mandated policy may be related to the high percentage of negative sentiments expressed. Insights from citizens’ sentiments derived from open data sources such as Twitter can serve as valuable indicators for public health policymakers, providing critical input that will aid in tailoring interventions that align with public sentiments, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of and compliance with public health policies. This type of analysis can be useful to the health community and more generally to governments, as it allows for a more scientific assessment of public response to public health intervention techniques in real time. This study contributes to the emerging discourse on the integration of nontraditional data into public health policy-making, highlighting the growing potential for the use of these novel analytic techniques in addressing complex public health challenges.

Abstract Background The current study attempted to replicate the original findings regarding the effects of power posing on testosterone and cortisol levels, risk-taking behavior, and perceived power. We further extended the investigation by testing the effect of power posing on estradiol and progesterone levels. Methods A sample of 92 young adults (30 males; 32 females taking oral contraceptives; and 30 females not taking oral contraceptives who were in their midluteal phase) were randomly assigned to high-power-pose or low-power-pose conditions and asked about their feelings of power. They completed a risk-taking task, and their neuroendocrine levels were measured both at baseline and following the power manipulation. Results Power posing was not found to replicate the original results regarding effects on testosterone levels or feelings of power; however, our findings partially supported the original results regarding effects on cortisol levels and risk-taking. Among high-power posers, a decrease in cortisol levels was associated with risk tolerance. Power posing was not found to influence progesterone levels. However, among females taking oral contraceptives, high-power posing increased estradiol levels. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that estradiol is influenced by short-term exposure to social cues under specific hormonal profiles.

Abstract Background Use of serum procalcitonin (PCT), an inflammatory biomarker for bacterial infections, has shown promising results for early stopping antibiotic treatment among patients with respiratory infections and sepsis. There is need for additional data regarding effectiveness and safety of this concept among patients with cancer. Methods Individual data of patients with a documented diagnosis of cancer and proven or suspected respiratory infection and/or sepsis were extracted from previous trials where adult patients were randomized to receive antibiotic treatment based on a PCT protocol or usual care (control group). The primary efficacy and safety endpoints were antibiotic exposure and 28-day all-cause mortality. Results This individual-patient data meta-analysis included 777 patients with a diagnosis of cancer from 15 randomized-controlled trials. Regarding efficacy, there was a 18% reduction in antibiotic exposure in patients randomized to PCT-guided care compared to usual care ([days] 8.2 ± 6.6 vs. 9.8 ± 7.3; adjusted difference, − 1.77 [95% CI, − 2.74 to − 0.80]; p

Abstract A complete understanding of RNA biology requires methods for tracking transcripts in vivo. Common strategies rely on fluorogenic probes that are limited in sensitivity, dynamic range, and depth of interrogation, owing to their need for excitation light and tissue autofluorescence. To overcome these challenges, we report a bioluminescent platform for serial imaging of RNAs. The RNA tags are engineered to recruit light-emitting luciferase fragments (termed RNA lanterns) upon transcription. Robust photon production is observed for RNA targets both in cells and in live animals. Importantly, only a single copy of the tag is necessary for sensitive detection, in sharp contrast to fluorescent platforms requiring multiple repeats. Overall, this work provides a foundational platform for visualizing RNA dynamics from the micro to the macro scale.

The aim of the present study is to explore the bacterial diversity within the gut microbiome of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy patient. A stool sample was collected and analyzed to study the gut microbiota through bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The gut microbiota of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy patient exhibited a dominance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides phyla, with 58.19% and 33.31%, respectively. The data showed a notable abundance of Lachnospiraceae bacterium and Bacteroides sp species, 17.79% and 16.56%, respectively within the gut microbiota chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy patient. Lachnospiraceae, a member of the Firmicutes phylum, plays a pivotal role in the production of short-chain fatty acids. At high concentration, short-chain fatty acids can trigger autoimmune leading to the chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. These findings strengthen the possible involvement of short-chain fatty acids in the chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy pathogenesis process and could pave new paths in its diagnosis and therapies based on regulation of microbiota dysbiosis.

In this study, residues of chlorpyrifos and diazinon pesticides in 10 apple and 6 grape samples from Maragheh County were analyzed using the GC/MS technique after extraction via the QuEChERS method, known for its convenience, speed, effectiveness, and safety. The study also evaluated the impact of washing treatments on pesticide residue levels and conducted health risk assessments using a Monte Carlo simulation for adults and children. Results revealed the detection of chlorpyrifos and diazinon residues in all 32 apple and grape samples across both washed and unwashed treatments. In 95% (19 samples) and 100% (20 samples) of apple samples, average chlorpyrifos and diazinon residues were below the Iranian maximum residue limit (MRL), whereas 41.67% (5 samples) and 33.33% (4 samples) of grape samples exceeded the MRL. Following washing, chlorpyrifos residues in apple samples decreased by 42.02% and diazinon by 53.84%, while in grape samples, reductions were 39.70% for chlorpyrifos and 46.15% for diazinon. Highest Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for adults and children were observed in apple samples with chlorpyrifos (0.51 and 0.12, respectively) and diazinon (0.45 and 0.105, respectively). Cumulative risk assessment for chlorpyrifos and diazinon pesticide residues indicated no significant health risks for either age group. However, given the widespread use of pesticides, ongoing monitoring is essential to mitigate residues in fruits and vegetables.

Abstract LSD is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. This is the first study to follow the developmental changes in brain structure and function following LSD exposure in periadolescence. We hypothesized LSD given during a time of heightened neuroplasticity, particularly in the forebrain, would affect cognitive and emotional behavior and the associated underlying neuroanatomy and neurocircuitry. Female and male mice were given vehicle, single or multiple treatments of 3.3 µg of LSD by oral gavage starting on postnatal day 51. Between postnatal days 90–120 mice were imaged and tested for cognitive and motor behavior. MRI data from voxel-based morphometry, diffusion weighted imaging, and BOLD resting state functional connectivity were registered to a mouse 3D MRI atlas with 139 brain regions providing site-specific differences in global brain structure and functional connectivity between experimental groups. Motor behavior and cognitive performance were unaffected by periadolescent exposure to LSD. Differences across experimental groups in brain volume for any of the 139 brain areas were few in number and not focused on any specific brain region. Multiple exposures to LSD significantly altered gray matter microarchitecture across much of the brain. These changes were primary associated with the thalamus, sensory and motor cortices, and basal ganglia. The forebrain olfactory system and prefrontal cortex and hindbrain cerebellum and brainstem were unaffected. The functional connectivity between forebrain white matter tracts and sensorimotor cortices and hippocampus was reduced with multidose LSD exposure. Does exposure to LSD in late adolescence have lasting effects on brain development? The bulk of our significant findings were seen through changes is DWI values across 74 brain areas in the multi-dose LSD group. The pronounced changes in indices of anisotropy across much of the brain would suggest altered gray matter microarchitecture and neuroplasticity. There was no evidence of LSD having consequential effects on cognitive or motor behavior when animal were evaluated as young adults 90–120 days of age. Neither were there any differences in the volume of specific brain areas between experimental conditions. The reduction in connectivity in forebrain white matter tracts with multidose LSD and consolidation around sensorimotor and hippocampal brain areas requires a battery of tests to understand the consequences of these changes on behavior.

Abstract Introduction The Appalachia region of North America is known to have significant health disparities, specifically, worse risk factors and outcomes for stroke. Appalachians are more likely to have comorbidities related to stroke, such as diabetes, obesity, and tobacco use, and are often less likely to have stroke interventions, such as mechanical thrombectomy (MT), for emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). As our Comprehensive Stroke Center directly serves stroke subjects from both Appalachian and non-Appalachian areas, inflammatory proteomic biomarkers were identified associated with stroke outcomes specific to subjects residing in Appalachia. Methods There were 81 subjects that met inclusion criteria for this study. These subjects underwent MT for ELVO, and carotid arterial blood samples acquired at time of intervention were sent for proteomic analysis. Samples were processed in accordance with the Blood And Clot Thrombectomy Registry And Collaboration (BACTRAC; clinicaltrials.gov; NCT 03153683). Statistical analyses were utilized to examine whether relationships between protein expression and outcomes differed by Appalachian status for functional (NIH Stroke Scale; NIHSS and Modified Rankin Score; mRS), and cognitive outcomes (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA). Results No significant differences were found in demographic data or co-morbidities when comparing Appalachian to non-Appalachian subjects. However, time from stroke onset to treatment (last known normal) was significantly longer and edema volume significantly higher in patients from Appalachia. Further, when comparing Appalachian to non-Appalachian subjects, there were significant unadjusted differences in the NIHSS functional outcome. A comprehensive analysis of 184 proteins from Olink proteomic (92 Cardiometabolic and 92 Inflammation panels) showed that the association between protein expression outcomes significantly differed by Appalachian status for seven proteins for the NIHSS, two proteins for the MoCA, and three for the mRS. Conclusion Our study utilizes an ELVO tissue bank and registry to investigate the intracranial/intravascular proteomic environment occurring at the time of thrombectomy. We found that patients presenting from Appalachian areas have different levels of proteomic expression at the time of MT when compared to patients presenting from non-Appalachian areas. These proteins differentially relate to stroke outcome and could be used as prognostic biomarkers, or as targets for novel therapies. The identification of a disparate proteomic response in Appalachian patients provides initial insight to the biological basis for health disparity. Nevertheless, further investigations through community-based studies are imperative to elucidate the underlying causes of this differential response.

Background and purpose: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important diseases of the elderly, and recently the effect of triglyceride glucose (TYG) index as one of the indicators of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease has attracted the attention of researchers. Previous research has shown a link between insulin resistance and coronary artery calcification. Since triglyceride glucose index (TyG) is an index that is easily available, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between triglyceride index and fasting blood sugar and coronary heart disease and diabetes in the elderly of Amirkola. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the elderly participating in the second phase of the Amirkola Health and Aging Cohort Study (AHAP). The elderly were divided into two groups of 200 people, the first group was diabetics with cardiovascular disease and the second group was diabetic elderly without cardiovascular disease. Patient information including age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, coronary artery disease, history of dyslipidemia, medications, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, smoking habits, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, creatinine, physical activity, and HbA1c were collected in a checklist. The TYG index was calculated based on the LN formula [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Ultimately, SPSS version 25 software was utilized to describe the data using mean, standard deviation, and percentage. The qualitative variables were compared with the coronary artery disease using the chi-square test, while the quantitative variables were compared using the independent t-test in univariate analysis. Furthermore, the process of adjusting for confounding variables was carried out by using multivariate logistic regression. Results: In this study, 400 diabetic elderly participants were examined based on the relationship between triglyceride glucose index and coronary artery disease. The average age of the elderly with coronary artery disease was 70.46±6.10 and the elderly without coronary artery disease was 70.50±6.49 years. Triglyceride glucose index in diabetic elderly with and without coronary artery disease was 9.3±0.68 and 9.30±0.65, respectively, which was not statistically significant (P=0.92). Mean creatinine (P=0.004), number of comorbidities (P

Con el fin de explorar lo pueblo, este texto parte de tres experiencias expositivas: por un lado, la intervención-ensamblaje del colectivo Operaciones Cunctatio, en el Patio de Casa de Porras de La Madraza de Granada (abril de 2023); por otro, la exposición Popular, comisariada por Pedro G. Romero en el IVAM y, por último, las exposiciones del Museo l'Etno/La Beneficiencia. Se despliega a partir de estas experiencias museográficas y para-museográficas una investigación artística con la forma del cancionero, acompañado de dibujos tatuados y letras, que se unen en una suerte de capas temporales no continuas, con el fin de interrelacionar las diversas experiencias de lectura y escritura en la tentativa de hacerlas vibrar y tararear "las líneas del errar con lindo deleite".

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a predominant pathogen of neonatal sepsis, commonly associated with early-onset neonatal sepsis. GBS has also been associated with cases of late-onset sepsis potentially originating from the intestine. Previous findings have shown GBS can colonize the infant intestinal tract as part of the neonatal microbiota. To better understand GBS colonization dynamics in the neonatal intestine, we collected stool and milk samples from prematurely born neonates for identification of potential pathogens in the neonatal intestinal microbiota. GBS was present in approximately 10% of the cohort, and this colonization was not associated with maternal GBS status, delivery route, or gestational weight. Interestingly, we observed the relative abundance of GBS in the infant stool negatively correlated with maternal IgA concentration in matched maternal milk samples. Using a preclinical murine model of GBS infection, we report that both vertical transmission and direct oral introduction resulted in intestinal colonization of GBS; however, translocation beyond the intestine was limited. Finally, vaccination of dams prior to breeding induced strong immunoglobulin responses, including IgA responses, which were associated with reduced mortality and GBS intestinal colonization. Taken together, we show that maternal IgA may contribute to infant immunity by limiting the colonization of GBS in the intestine.

Introduction Despite their exponential use, intra-articular (IA) injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are not part of the recommended treatments for knee osteoarthritis (OA) by most international scientific societies. The most recent clinical trials have shown conflicting results, and some did not find any clinical benefit of PRP injections. The PRP In Knee OsteoArthritis (PIKOA) trial was designed to assess the clinical efficacy and structural benefit of IA injections of PRP vs saline solution (placebo) in symptomatic knee OA.Methods and analysis PIKOA is an academic phase 3, superiority, triple-blind (patients, investigators and injectors), multicentre, randomised placebo-controlled trial (1:1 ratio). It compares the efficacy of 1 weekly IA injection of 5 mL PRP or placebo (saline solution) for 3 weeks with a 6-month follow-up. The trial will enrol 210 participants ≥40 years old with symptomatic and moderate radiographic knee OA (Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 or 3). PRP is prepared with the A-CP-Kit-T (20 mL) kit and its cellular composition is characterised for each patient. The main objective is to compare change in pain on a 0 mm to 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) between W0 and W14. The secondary objectives are to compare the two groups in terms of decrease in VAS pain, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index total score and subscores, analgesics consumption, OMERACT-Osteoarthritis Research Society International responder rate and improvement in quality of life measured by the EQ-5D-5L score. All these criteria are assessed at W8, W14 and W26. The decrease in serum Coll2-1 and Coll2-1 NO₂ levels (catabolic markers, reflecting cartilage destruction or joint inflammation) and increase in N-propeptide of cartilage IIA level (reflecting cartilage formation) are assessed at W8 and W14. Adverse events and study withdrawals are collected during the study.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was obtained from the Nord Ouest ethical committee (2021-A00742-39). All participants need to provide written informed consent. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration number NCT05378815 (ClinicalTrials.gov); pre-results.Protocol version and number: V.3 of 17 July 2023.

La situación actual de la profesión periodística, que lleva aparejados ritmos acelerados y rutinas de producción casi mecánicas, en las que parecen primar la inmediatez y la primicia sobre el rigor informativo, ha consolidado el trabajo multitasking, la convergencia multimedia y la distribución de los mismos contenidos en distintas plataformas y soportes. En cuanto a las condiciones de trabajo, se tiende a la precarización laboral, ya que un mismo periodista ahora trabaja en un escenario convergente donde debe producir más y más rápido, aparte de que se le exigen cada vez más competencias profesionales derivadas de las nuevas técnicas y tecnologías. El emprendimiento, también vinculado a los nuevos perfiles profesionales, se ha convertido en una salida laboral recurrida, lo que también implica capacitación en gestión empresarial y liderazgo. Todo ello se enmarca en un contexto comunicativo amenazado por la desinformación y por la incorporación de máquinas, procesos de automatización e inteligencia artificial que no tienen demasiado sentido sin la intervención y el valor humanos. Esta parece el primer fotograma de la radiografía actual del periodismo, que en este en este monográfico se fotografía desde diferentes perspectivas que ofrecen una visión de conjunto.

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Despite significant advancements in COVID‐19 vaccine research and development, hesitancy in its acceptance, particularly among pregnant women, is recognized as a health threat. Based on the Health Belief Model, this study aimed to identify the factors influencing vaccine nonacceptance among pregnant women in the cities of Zahedan and Tabriz, Iran. Methods The present research was a multicenter cross‐sectional study conducted among pregnant women in two Iranian provinces, Zahedan and Tabriz, covering both high and low fertility regions. The study was conducted from February 2022 to August 2022. The sample size comprised 650 pregnant women attending selected healthcare centers. Data collection tools included questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, awareness, vaccine acceptance, and health beliefs related to vaccination. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods, including Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Independent t‐test, and multivariable logistic regression. Results Among the 650 pregnant women, the vaccine acceptance rate was 47.4% and 52.6% of pregnant women reported vaccine nonacceptance during pregnancy. The logistic regression model indicated that the odds of vaccine acceptance increase with maternal employment (OR = 11.53, 95% CI: 4.81–27.63), higher maternal education levels (OR = 6.97, 95% CI: 3.11–15.63), higher income (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.07–2.55), and increased awareness levels (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.03–1.52). Additionally, the odds of vaccine acceptance increase with increased perceived susceptibility (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 0.47–3.76), increased perceived benefits (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.06–4.61), increased perceived barriers (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–1.12), and increased cues to action (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.03–3.92). Conclusion Our study underscores the multifaceted nature of COVID‐19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women, with socioeconomic, awareness‐related, and psychological factors all playing pivotal roles. These findings can inform targeted interventions and strategies aimed at increasing vaccine acceptance in this vulnerable population, ultimately contributing to enhanced maternal and fetal health during the ongoing pandemic.

Systems consolidation theories propose two mechanisms that enable the behavioral integration of related memories: coordinated reactivation between hippocampus and cortex, and the emergence of cortical traces that reflect overlap across memories. However, there is limited empirical evidence that links these mechanisms to the emergence of behavioral integration over time. In two experiments, participants implicitly encoded sequences of objects with overlapping structure. Assessment of behavioral integration showed that response times during a recognition task reflected behavioral priming between objects that never occurred together in time but belonged to overlapping sequences. This priming was consolidation-dependent and only emerged for sequences learned 24 hr prior to the test. Critically, behavioral integration was related to changes in neural pattern similarity in the medial prefrontal cortex and increases in post-learning rest connectivity between the posterior hippocampus and lateral occipital cortex. These findings suggest that memories with a shared predictive structure become behaviorally integrated through a consolidation-related restructuring of the learned sequences, providing insight into the relationship between different consolidation mechanisms that support behavioral integration.

Background: The current challenges faced by local family businesses related to innovation involve adapting to changing market conditions while maintaining their unique identity and traditions. Innovation is the foundation of every organisation, and the leadership style of business leaders heavily influences employee innovation. Aim: This study investigates the impact of inclusive leadership, an underexplored type of leadership, on innovative behaviour, with affective commitment and learning culture as mediating variables. Setting: The research was conducted in four family-owned companies in the founder and sibling partnership stage, spanning the manufacturing and service industries. Methods: A quantitative approach was used to survey employees in family enterprises in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling analysis was utilised to test the relationships between variables, while Importance-Performance Map Analysis and Multi-Group Analysis were implemented to provide deeper insights into the variables. Results: The results revealed that inclusive leadership positively influenced innovative behaviour in the sibling partnership stage and service companies, with affective commitment acting as the mediator. However, learning culture did not influence innovative behaviour and could not serve as a mediator. Conclusion: The findings emphasise the importance of adopting inclusive leadership, especially during the sibling partnership stage, and fostering affective commitment to enhancing innovation in family businesses. Contribution: This study offers valuable insights for leaders of family businesses seeking to improve innovativeness, resilience and sustainability. The findings enrich the existing literature on family business management.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las evidencias disponibles sobre los efectos de la expresión corporal en el desarrollo integral de los infantes, destacando tanto los beneficios como los desafíos relacionados con su implementación en los programas educativos. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica, abarcando investigaciones publicadas entre 2019 y 2024 que examinan el impacto de la expresión corporal en el desarrollo emocional y social de niños en la educación inicial. Los estudios seleccionados fueron analizados cualitativa y cuantitativamente, utilizando el protocolo PRISMA para garantizar la rigurosidad metodológica y la validez de los hallazgos. Los resultados indican que la expresión corporal mejora significativamente la comunicación, la cohesión grupal y la inclusión de niños con discapacidades, promoviendo un entorno de aprendizaje más colaborativo e integrador. Asimismo, se identificó una correlación positiva entre la práctica de la expresión corporal y el desarrollo de funciones ejecutivas, como la atención, la autorregulación y la creatividad en los infantes. Con base en estos resultados, se concluye que la expresión corporal es una herramienta pedagógica esencial que debería ser integrada de manera formal en los planes de estudio de la educación inicial, debido a su impacto positivo en el desarrollo emocional, social y cognitivo de los niños.

Introduction A proportion of people develop Long Covid after acute COVID-19, but with most studies concentrated in high-income countries (HICs), the global burden is largely unknown. Our study aims to characterise long-term COVID-19 sequelae in populations globally and compare the prevalence of reported symptoms in HICs and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods A prospective, observational study in 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America, including adults with confirmed COVID-19 assessed at 2 to

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease known for its diverse clinical presentations, and one severe complication is lupus nephritis (LN), which significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. While LN often presents within the first 5 years of SLE diagnosis, renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is a rare vascular complication with a high risk of mortality and morbidity. This case report discusses the rare occurrence of RVT as the initial presentation of SLE in a 32-year-old Sudanese male patient, currently working in Palestine, presenting with flank pain, hematuria, fever, and lower limb edema. The case details the patient’s symptoms, examination findings, and extensive laboratory and imaging workup leading to the diagnosis. This report highlights the rare association between RVT and SLE, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for SLE in patients with multisystem involvement, especially in males, where the diagnosis may be overlooked due to its lower prevalence. Early recognition can improve patient outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. Further research is needed to better understand the connection between RVT and SLE and to develop more effective treatment strategies.

Owing to their continuous evolution, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) display disparate pathogenicity in mouse models. Omicron and its sublineages have been dominant worldwide. Compared to pre-Omicron VOCs, early Omicron subvariants reportedly cause attenuated disease in human ACE-2-expressing mice (K18-hACE-2). In late 2022, the frequency of Omicron subvariant XBB.1.5 rapidly increased and it progressively replaced other circulating strains. The emergence of new strains requires current SARS-CoV-2 clinical animal model re-evaluation. In this study, we aim to characterize XBB.1.5 pathogenesis in K18-hACE-2. Herein, we demonstrated that XBB.1.5 infection is associated with significant weight loss, severe lung pathology, and substantial mortality. Intranasal XBB.1.5 infection resulted in 100% mortality in K18-hACE2 mice. High virus titers were detected in the lungs on days 3 and 5 after infection. Moreover, XBB.1.5 productively infected the cells within the nasal turbinate, olfactory bulb, intestines, and kidneys. In addition, in a subset of infected mice, we detected high virus titers in the brain. Consistently, we detected high viral antigen expression in the lungs. Furthermore, we observed severe lung injury hallmarks (e.g., immune cell infiltration, perivascular cuffing, and alveolar consolidation). Using immunofluorescence labeling and cytometric analysis, we revealed that XBB.1.5 infection leads to CD45+ cell influx into the lung parenchyma. We further demonstrated that most immune infiltrates are CD11b+ CD11c+ dendritic cells. Additionally, we detected significant induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in infected lungs. Taken together, our data show that Omicron subvariant XBB.1.5 is highly pathogenic in K18-hACE2 mice.

We detected antibodies to H5 and N1 subtype influenza A viruses in 4/194 (2%) dogs from Washington, USA, that hunted or engaged in hunt tests and training with wild birds. Historical data provided by dog owners showed seropositive dogs had high levels of exposure to waterfowl.

El propósito de este artículo es ensayar, hacer experiencia de conocimiento, a partir de la exposición El origen de las formas (EOF), de Cristina Garrido, comisariada por Tania Pardo en el Museo CA2M, en Móstoles, en verano de 2023. El escrito parte de una descripción del marco contextual que supone concebir esta exposición como estudio de caso, un dispositivo de conocimiento que deconstruye los discursos de los “grandes maestros de la pintura occidental” y coloca en el centro la biografía de la propia artista como parte del binomio para pensar la creación-emoción. Pasa después a especular mediante diversas estancias puestas en juego, la relación con el dispositivo artístico EOF, mediante materiales propios, creados para este artículo de investigación, basados en la práctica artística (ver figuras 1 a 5). Finaliza con una reflexión sobre el uso del lenguaje, su materialidad y espacialidad en EOF. Especulaciones puntuales de Doreen Massey (sobre el espacio-tiempo) y de Arlette Farge (sobre el archivo) servirán para apoyar algunas de las ideas de este estudio.

La Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación argentina (CSJN), que hasta 2018 había estado mayormente silenciosa sobre los derechos de las personas migrantes, se abocó en los últimos años a resolver los recursos judiciales llegados a su conocimiento: solo entre 2019 y 2022 resolvió casi 250 recursos por control migratorio cuando entre 2004 y 2018 había resuelto veinte. Así, esta contribución tiene por objetivo sistematizar y caracterizar el universo de recursos promovidos desde todo el país por o contra la Dirección Nacional de Migraciones que llegaron al máximo tribunal argentino en el período aludido para luego identificar los principales debates jurídicos abordados y, en función de ellos, reconstruir los estándares que reconocen o pueden dar lugar a reconocer derechos a las personas en movilidades precarias. Emplea para ello dos bases de datos de acceso público: la base de datos de jurisprudencia de la CSJN, y la que recoge las actuaciones de los juzgados federales administrativos del país. Luego de depurar los resultados, el artículo se concentra en aquellos que luego de ser admitidos, fueron resueltos de manera directa; estas serán las sentencias testigo o modélicas. Entre las conclusiones, se advierte el cúmulo de decisiones políticas que permanecen opacas, se señalan algunas interpretaciones regresivas en términos de derechos y se sistematizan estándares que reconocen derechos o pueden dar lugar a su reconocimiento (sobre todo en derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes), a la vez que se reflexiona sobre el rol mismo del Poder Judicial en control migratorio, una novedad y preocupación transversal de la Corte argentina.

Abstract Wildfire pressure involves today to implement silvicultural practices that provide a good compromise between reducing fire risk and maintaining ecological functioning. Thinning reduces tree density and low branches, but results in the deposition of a considerable biomass of woody debris on the ground (up to 4800 g m2 in this study). They can be eliminated by prescribed burning, but this raises questions about the fire intensity that can be generated and the impact on soil fauna. We undertook the monitoring of a thinning and prescribed burning operation, separated and combined, in November 2020, in a Pinus laricio stand prone to fire risk, located in Bavella, Corsica. Fuel load was determined, and temperature measurements in the soil were performed using K‐type thermocouples. Soil arthropod populations were monitored using pitfall traps, in particular Collembola, Acari, Aranae, and Coleoptera. The combination of thinning and burning resulted in a fire intensity of 75.8 versus 8.4 kW m−1 for burning alone. Maximum temperature rise measured at −2 cm below the surface was less than 5°C for both treatments. The combination of thinning and burning did not result in higher fire intensity at ground level than burning alone, and the soil showed high insulation capacity. Most of the woody debris that burned was small‐diameter, and large‐diameter debris remained unconsumed. This burning, performed during a period of low biological activity, had no effect on soil arthropods, and the presence of large debris may have provided refuge areas. Collembola group was the faster to recover, and were followed by cohorts of predators in summer, especially Acari. Our results suggest that a combination of burning and thinning in autumn may be beneficial for fire prevention. However, the decomposition of woody debris in relation to fire risk, and the occurrence of pests after these treatments need to be monitored.

Summary: Mir483 is a conserved and highly expressed microRNA in placental mammals, embedded within the Igf2 gene. Its expression is dysregulated in a number of human diseases, including metabolic disorders and certain cancers. Here, we investigate the developmental regulation and function of Mir483 in vivo. We find that Mir483 expression is dependent on Igf2 transcription and the regulation of the Igf2/H19 imprinting control region. Transgenic Mir483 overexpression in utero causes fetal, but not placental, growth restriction through insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF2 and also causes cardiovascular defects leading to fetal death. Overexpression of Mir483 post-natally results in growth stunting through IGF1 repression, increased hepatic lipid production, and excessive adiposity. IGF1 infusion rescues the post-natal growth restriction. Our findings provide insights into the function of Mir483 as a growth suppressor and metabolic regulator and suggest that it evolved within the INS-IGF2-H19 transcriptional region to limit excessive tissue growth through repression of IGF signaling.

Since the fall of Indonesia's Suharto regime in 1998, politics in Makassar, the capital of South Sulawesi province, has been characterised by a competitive form of elite domination. Major political families, most with roots in the ruling elite of the Suharto period, have captured power and used it to further their economic interests while engaging in bitter intra-elite feuds. Through studies of three large-scale coastal reclamation projects, the study reveals patterns of interaction between political elites and business groups in the province. Successive mayors and governors have sponsored rival reclamation projects, directing tenders toward favoured business partners and sidelining allies of rivals. Yet these projects also reveal the limits of power of local politicians: while they support favoured local partners, none has been able to sideline large national conglomerates involved in these projects. Instead, big investors are more or less immune to local political change.

Abstract Chemical functionalization of diamond surfaces by hydrogen is an important method for controlling the charge state of near‐surface fluorescent color centers, an essential process in fabricating devices such as diamond field‐effect transistors and chemical sensors, and a required first step for realizing families of more complex terminations through subsequent chemical processing. In all these cases, termination is typically achieved using hydrogen plasma sources that can etch or damage the diamond, as well as deposited materials or embedded color centers. This work explores alternative methods for lower‐damage hydrogenation of diamond surfaces, specifically the annealing of diamond samples in high‐purity, non‐explosive mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen gas, and the exposure of samples to microwave hydrogen plasmas in the absence of intentional stage heating. The effectiveness of these methods are characterized by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and comparison of the results to density‐functional modelling of the surface hydrogenation energetics implicates surface oxygen ligands as the primary factor limiting the termination quality of annealed samples. Finally, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is used to verify that both the annealing and reduced sample temperature plasma methods are non‐destructive to near‐surface ensembles of nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers, in stark contrast to plasma treatments that use heated sample stages.

Las caries y las lesiones periapicales son procesos infecciosos crónicos de etiología multifactorial. Ambas patologías proporcionan información pertinente para reconstruir la dieta, los métodos de preparación de alimentos y la higiene bucal de las sociedades pasadas. Este trabajo propone el análisis de lesiones cariogénicas y periapicales en 25 individuos procedentes del sitio La Falda (1441-1635 años AD), con el fin de contribuir a la evaluación del estado de salud oral del conjunto. La prevalencia de caries registrada fue del 21,55% de los dientes que afectaban al 80% de los individuos analizados. Las lesiones periapicales fueron observadas en aproximadamente el 5% de los sacos alveolares, los cuales corresponden al 36% de los individuos analizados. Los molares fueron los más afectados por caries, mientras que los caninos manifestaron mayor presencia de lesiones periapicales. Los individuos femeninos y los adultos medios/mayores mostraron las frecuencias más altas de ambas patologías. La prevalencia de caries indica que los individuos de esta población tenían una dieta rica en carbohidratos, tal como es esperable en sociedades agro-pastoriles. Por otro lado, la baja frecuencia de lesiones periapicales sugiere que la expresión de esta patología no estaría relacionada a las caries, sino con factores que no fueron posibles de identificar. Finalmente, ambas patologías se manifestaron con prevalencias más elevadas en femeninos, por lo que se propone que los individuos de este sexo estaban mayormente expuestos a sufrir enfermedades orales infecciosas, probablemente por un acceso diferencial a los alimentos, factores fisiológicos o una higiene oral más pobre.

Introducción: las enfermedades del corazón son la primera causa de muerte en el mundo tanto en el hombre como en la mujer. La presentación de la cardiopatía isquémica varía dependiendo de múltiples factores, entre ellos el género. Materiales y método: estudio observacional, transversal con componente analítico de todos los pacientes ingresados con síndrome coronario agudo en el Hospital Docente Clínico-Quirúrgico Comandante Manuel Fajardo, entre enero del 2016 y diciembre del 2020. Resultados: el género femenino presentó una mediana de edad de 73 (RIC: 62-80), significativamente superior a la del género masculino, con mayor prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus (n = 353 y n = 143, respectivamente; p < 0.01). Se identificaron la edad, el valor de la creatinina y el síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST como factores desencadenantes de complicaciones cardíacas (RR: 1.01; IC 95%: 1.00-1.07; p = 0.03; RR: 1.01; IC 95%: 1.00-1.02; p = 0.01; y RR: 2.77; IC 95%: 1.31-5.87; p = 0.02, respectivamente). Conclusiones: las mujeres con síndrome coronario agudo presentaron una edad superior a la de los hombres, con mayor prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus, mientras las variables predictoras de complicaciones cardiovasculares intrahospitalarias identificadas fueron la edad, el valor de creatinina sérica y el síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST.

IntroductionIn 2017, the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene (MoH) of Burkina Faso designed and piloted a specimen transport system using the national courier services (La Poste BF) in 4 districts. Based on satisfactory performance indicators, the MoH set a vision aimed at scaling up this system to strengthen disease detection and surveillance of epidemic prone diseases across the country. This work describes the implementation process, performances, and lessons learned.MethodologyThis work describes the implementation process, performances, and lessons learned. Under the leadership of the Directorate of Population Health Protection within the MoH, a stepwise approach was used to bring together multiple partners across sectors to develop the first needed documents including a guide, an implementation plan, Standard Operating Procedures, and data collection tools. Then, the execution phase included equipment purchase, trainings, and consensus on a financing mechanism. Key indicators were defined to allow performance monitoringResultThe integrated biological specimen referral system (SITEB) was officially launched in January 2020 to transport human biological specimens of priority diseases including COVID-19 from district level to reference laboratories nationwide. As of December 31, 2022, La Poste BF transported 168,856 packages containing 206,314 specimens from all 13 regions. 99.66% of packages were delivered in

Objective To identify the optimal incentive protocol for maximising participation while managing study costs during the Voyage trial.Design Prospective cohort (Voyage trial) of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality outcomes in individuals screened with multitarget stool DNA (mt-sDNA) served as the population. A subset was randomised to receive postage stamps as a pre-consent incentive, or as a post-consent incentive after completion of the consent and questionnaire. Descriptive statistics from year 1 are reported.Results During year 1 of the Voyage trial, a total of 600 258 individuals with mt-sDNA orders received at Exact Sciences Laboratories were randomly selected and invited to participate. Of those, 26 429 (4.4%) opted in, 14 365 of whom (54.3%) consented. The opt-in and consent samples were similar to the target population with respect to sex but differed by geographic residence and age (p

There is a lack of consensus on how many and which are the Brazilian gold provinces and districts, and what are their limits or configurations. As an effort of the Geological Survey of Brazil to standardize this subject, we present a compilation of the Brazilian gold-bearing metallogenic/mineral provinces and districts, including those containing polymetallic gold-bearing deposits, and a digital file (shape file) with the design of their respective limits. Because many areas have classic definitions, and even though some of them do not meet the appropriate requirement for a strict definition, their classic names are maintained. However, we strongly suggest that the use of the term metallogenic (province, district), in a broader geotectonic sense, should be preferable in relation to mineral (province, district), which is more generic.

Summary: Human genetic studies of critical COVID-19 pneumonia have revealed the essential role of type I interferon-dependent innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, an association between the HLA-B∗15:01 allele and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated individuals was recently reported, suggesting a contribution of pre-existing T cell-dependent adaptive immunity. We report a lack of association of classical HLA alleles, including HLA-B∗15:01, with pre-omicron asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated participants in a prospective population-based study in the United States (191 asymptomatic vs. 945 symptomatic COVID-19 cases). Moreover, we found no such association in the international COVID Human Genetic Effort cohort (206 asymptomatic vs. 574 mild or moderate COVID-19 cases and 1,625 severe or critical COVID-19 cases). Finally, in the Human Challenge Characterisation study, the three HLA-B∗15:01 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 developed symptoms. As with other acute primary infections studied, no classical HLA alleles favoring an asymptomatic course of SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified.

Anggrek dendrobium merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman hias yang terkenal dengan keanekaragaman jenis dan keindahan bunganya. Pembungaan merupakan hal terpenting yang diharapkan dalam proses budidaya anggrek. Ada beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap proses pembungaan pada anggrek, di antaranya adalah jenis pupuk yang diberikan selama perawatan anggrek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa jenis pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembungaan anggrek dendrobium Salaya Pink. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan 4 perlakuan jenis pupuk dan 8 ulangan. Beberapa perlakuan dalam penelitian ini antara lain; (1) Kontrol (tanpa pemupukan), (2). Pupuk Kimia (Osmocote Dekastar), (3). Pupuk Organik Pabrikan (Nutrigan), dan (4). Pupuk Ekoenzim. Parameter penelitian yang diamati, antara lain; jumlah daun, jumlah bulb, dan jumlah tanaman berbunga. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis Anova dengan uji lanjut Duncan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jenis pupuk berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Pupuk organik pabrikan (Nutrigan) dan pupuk Ekoenzim memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap jumlah daun, sedangkan pupuk Ekoenzim memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap jumlah bulb dan jumlah tanaman berbunga.

Abstract Background Spinal cord tumors present a challenge in diagnosis and treatment due to their varied histopathological characteristics. While Ewing sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor typically originating from skeletal bone, cases of primary intradural extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma are exceptionally rare. The similarity of its presentation to other spinal tumors further complicates its identification and management. Case presentation We report a case of a 58-year-old Palestinian male with intradural extraskeletal lumbar Ewing sarcoma. The patient initially presented with lower back pain and bilateral S1 radiculopathy, with more severe symptoms on the left side. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 7 cm oval-shaped mass with homogeneous contrast enhancement, obstructing the spinal canal from L3/L4 to L5/S1 levels. Initially, a myxopapillary ependymoma was suspected, but the patient’s sensory and motor functions suddenly deteriorated during hospitalization. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging indicated heterogeneous contrast enhancement, indicating acute intratumoral hemorrhage. Consequently, the patient underwent emergent L3–L5 laminotomy, with successful gross total resection of the tumor. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of intradural extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma. Adjuvant therapy was administered to minimize the risk of local recurrence or distant metastasis. A systematic review of relevant literature, along with retrospective analysis of medical records, operative reports, radiological studies, and histopathological findings of similar cases, was also conducted. Conclusions Intradural extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma is an infrequently encountered condition in adult patients, emphasizing the importance of considering it in the differential diagnosis of spinal tumors. Surgeons must possess a comprehensive understanding of this rare entity to ensure accurate staging and optimal management, particularly in the early stages when prompt intervention may improve prognosis.

Abstract Background There are various recommendations for third-line treatment in mCRC, however, there is no consensus on who is more suitable for particular strategy. Chemotherapy re-use in third-line setting is a common option in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of third-line chemotherapy re-use by the comparison with that of anti-angiogenic monotherapy, and further find the population more suitable for third-line chemotherapy. Methods Using electronic medical records of patients with mCRC, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 143 patients receiving chemotherapy and 40 patients receiving anti-angiogenic monotherapy in third-line setting as control group were retrospectively collected. Baseline characteristics were analyzed using the χ² test or the Fisher’s exact test. ROC curve and surv_cutpoint function of ‘survminer’ package in R software were used to calculate the cut-off value. Survival curves were plotted with the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the potential risk factors. Results A total of 143 patients receiving chemotherapy and 40 patients receiving anti-angiogenic monotherapy in third-line setting were retrospectively collected. Chemotherapy rechallenge was recorded in 93 patients (93/143, 65.0%), and the remaining patients chose new chemotherapeutic drugs that had not been previously used, including irinotecan-based (22/50), oxaliplatin-based (9/50), raltitrexed (9/50), gemcitabine (5/50) and other agents (5/50). The ORR and DCR of third-line chemotherapy reached 8.8%, 61.3%, respectively (anti-angiogenic monotherapy group: ORR 2.6%, DCR 47.4%). The mPFS and mOS of patients receiving chemotherapy were 4.9 and 12.0 m, respectively (anti-angiogenic monotherapy group: mPFS 2.7 m, mOS 5.2 m). Subgroup analyses found that patients with RAS/RAF mutation, longer PFS (greater than 10.6 m) in front-line treatment or larger tumor burden had better prognosis with third-line chemotherapy rather than anti-angiogenic monotherapy. Conclusions Third-line chemotherapy re-use was effective in mCRC. Those with more aggressive characteristics (RAS/RAF mutant, larger tumor burden) or better efficacy of previous chemotherapy (longer PFS) were more appropriate for third-line chemotherapy, rather than anti-angiogenic monotherapy.

Many organizations are developing connected worker and digital twin solutions in mixed reality as a means to quickly train new hires while simultaneously developing assistive deep learning models for quality-control mechanisms through internal documentation, diagrams, and 3D models. However, the transformation of real-life assets and processes into digital twin counterparts is a multi-step, intensive undertaking, requiring significant domain expertise and technical know-how. Therefore, we explore the architectural and technical components required to transform the most critical assets into a digital twin that yields immediate business value. Specifically, we explore the creation of digitalization architectures with re-usable components for training not only new hires but also deep neural network-based computer vision models. In this work, we present an action research case study guided by the Project Management Body of Knowledge framework. This case study was conducted in coordination with TechnipFMC, a global leader oil and gas company, on the digitalization efforts to transition into their industrial metaverse. We developed multiple architectures to bring assembly practices into a mixed reality training solution usable by trainees and editable by domain experts in real time. Further, we generate synthetic data from the same mixed reality training environments to train object detection models on industrial components and find that the photorealistic 3D models can improve mean average precision on the real-world task by +2.5 mAP.

Abstract Background Current guidelines for adult patients with pneumococcal meningitis (PM) recommend initial management in intermediate or intensive care units (ICU), but evidence to support these recommendations is limited. We aimed to describe ICU admission practices of patients with PM. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the French medico administrative database of consecutive adult patients with PM and sepsis criteria hospitalized between 2011 and 2020. We defined two groups, “Direct ICU” corresponding to a direct ICU admission and “Delayed ICU” corresponding to a secondary ICU admission. Results We identified 4052 patients hospitalized for a first episode of PM, including 2006 “Direct ICU” patients (50%) and 2046 “delayed ICU” patients (50%). The patients were mainly males [n = 2260 (56%)] with median age of 61 years [IQR 50–71] and a median Charlson index of 1 [0–3]. Among them, median SAPS II on admission was 46 [33–62], 2173 (54%) had a neurological failure on admission with 2133 (53%) in coma, 654 (16%) with brainstem failure, 488 (12%) with seizures and 779 (19%) with focal signs without coma. PM was frequently associated with pneumonia [n = 1411 (35%)], and less frequently with endocarditis [n = 317 (8%)]. The median ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay were 6 days [2–14] and 21 days [13–38], respectively. In-hospital mortality was 27% (n = 1100) and 640 (16%) patients were secondarily transferred to rehabilitation care unit. Direct ICU group was significantly more severe but after adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, organ failures on admission and admission from home, direct ICU admission was significantly associated with a lower mortality (Odds ratio 0.67 [0.56–0.80], p

Spatial navigation allows animals to understand their environment position and is crucial to survival. An animal’s primary mode of spatial navigation (horizontal or vertical) is dependent on how they naturally move in space. Observations of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) have shown that they, like other terrestrial animals, navigate poorly in vertical space. This deficit is visible in their use of multi-story buildings. To date, no research has been conducted to determine if dogs can learn how to navigate in an anthropogenic vertical environment with the help of a landmark. As such, we herein investigate the effect of the addition of a visual or olfactory landmark on dogs’ ability to identify when they are on their home floor. Subject behaviors toward their home door and a contrasting floor door were compared before and after exposure to a landmark outside of their home door. While subjects initially showed no difference in latency to approach an apartment door on their home or a wrong floor, we found a significant difference in latency to approach the doors in the test trials for subjects who approached the doors in every trial. Other findings are equivocal, but this result is consistent with the hypothesis that dogs can learn to navigate in vertical space.

Background: Inflammation plays a central role in many chronic diseases that characterize modern society. Leptin/adiponectin and adiponectin/leptin ratios have been recognized as notable markers of dysfunctional adipose tissue and, consequently, an inflammatory state. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 41 adult volunteers (40.2 ± 8.3 years) diagnosed with severe obesity (BMI 46.99; 42.98–51.91 kg/m2). The adipokines were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the serum fatty acid analysis was conducted using chromatography. Results: The results unveiled a positive correlation between the leptin/adiponectin ratio and the 20:3n6 fatty acid (r = 0.52, p = 0.001), as well as a similar positive correlation between the adiponectin/leptin ratio and the 22:6n3 fatty acid (r = 0.74, p = 0.001). In the regression analysis, the 22:6n3 fatty acid predicted the adiponectin/leptin ratio (β = 0.76, p < 0.001), whereas C20:3 n-6 was a predictor for inflammatory markers (β = 4.84, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, the 22:6n3 fatty acid was demonstrated to be a predictive factor for the adiponectin/leptin ratio and C20:3 n-6 was a predictor for inflammatory markers. This discovery, novel within this population, can help develop new intervention strategies aimed at controlling the inflammatory status in individuals classified as having severe obesity.

Herbs and spices, with their wealth of bioactive compounds, are widely used in food, medicine, and cosmetics. Among them, coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is particularly valued for its medicinal and culinary properties. Growing consumer and industrial interest in natural products has led to the development of modern, environmentally friendly extraction techniques designed to improve the yield and quality of extracts while reducing time, energy, and solvent consumption. These processes make it possible to obtain optimal quantities of active compounds, thereby meeting the growing demand for plant-based products. After showing evidence of coriander’s health benefits, this review summarizes research findings on the impact of some treatments and pretreatments on its phytochemical composition. After that, it summarizes different aspects of the use of conventional and non-conventional extraction techniques for coriander’s bioactive constituents, mainly polyphenols and crude and essential oils (EO). Among these methods, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE/MAHD) emerges as one of the most efficient methods, offering higher yields, better-quality extracts, and a significant reduction in energy costs.

Introduction Physical restraint (PR) is prescribed in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) to avoid unplanned removal of medical devices. However, it is associated with an increased risk of delirium. We hypothesise that a restrictive use of PR, as compared with a systematic use, could reduce the duration of delirium in ICU patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods and analysis The Restrictive use of Restraints and Delirium Duration in ICU (R2D2-ICU) study is a national multicentric, parallel-group, randomised (1:1) open-label, controlled, superiority trial, which will be conducted in 10 ICUs. A total of 422 adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for an expected duration of at least 48 hours and eligible for prescription of PR will be randomly allocated within 6 hours from intubation to either the restrictive PR use group or the systematic PR use group, until day 14, ICU discharge or death, whichever comes first. In both groups, PR will consist of the use of wrist straps. The primary endpoint will be delirium or coma-free days, defined as the number of days spent alive in the ICU without coma or delirium within the first 14 days after randomisation. Delirium will be assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU twice daily. Key secondary endpoints will encompass agitation episodes, opioid, propofol, benzodiazepine and antipsychotic drug exposure during the 14-day intervention period, along with a core outcome set of measures evaluated 90 days postrandomisation.Ethics and dissemination The R2D2-ICU study has been approved by the Comité de Protection des Personnes (CPP) ILE DE FRANCE III—PARIS (CPP19.09.06.37521) on June 10th, 2019). Participant recruitment started on 25 January 2021. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed medical journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration number NCT04273360.

Un repertorio de materialidades en forma de siete dibujos conforma este proyecto de creación, de nombre Polinizadores de lo común, que da cuenta de la ambigua idea de lo vivo y lo no vivo en las artes. Una escritura-esqueje que parte de esta serie de dibujos. La naturaleza de esta escritura dibujada es movilizar y sostener una serie de preguntas, propias y del común, nacidas del medio que habitamos y de anteriores reflexiones sobre la conservación o memoria de las artes escénicas en sentido expandido. En la tarea de rumiar —desde estos presupuestos— nos acompañamos del marco conceptual propuesto por Silvia L. Gil (sobre un horizonte feminista y dónde colocar la esperanza) y de Vinciane Despret (con los modos y maneras de arañas y pulpos). Otros seres no humanos como las mariposas monarca nos llevan a transitar por las dimensiones cosmológicas de la cultura. El trazado de esas rutas migratorias en las artes y sus conexiones entre lo vivo y lo muerto, más allá de una lógica binaria, forman parte entretejida y revuelta de la realidad que habitamos. Partiendo del fragmento, la variación, la mutación o el enigma, este texto abraza historias que crean mundos, bucea sus rastros en la escritura con la ayuda y a modiño de una investigación basada en la práctica artística.

O artigo parte do curta-metragem A falência, de Ronaldo Duarte, ganhador da edição de 1967 do Festival Brasileiro de Cinema Amador do Jornal do Brasil, e da noção de agenciamento, buscando compreender os processos de produção e circulação do filme. Seguindo os caminhos das imagens, investigamos os motivos da censura do curta-metragem e a trajetória do cineasta, preso e torturado durante a ditadura militar. O percurso metodológico alia análise fílmica e o uso de fontes documentais diversas, mostrando os desafios enfrentados por jovens cineastas começando a sua trajetória profissional em meio ao período de censura e perseguição pelos agentes do Estado no país.

Autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are only partially represented in current experimental models and the development of humanized immune mice is crucial for better understanding of immunopathogenesis and testing of therapeutics. We describe a humanized mouse model with several key features of MS. Severely immunodeficient B2m-NOG mice were transplanted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HLA-DRB1-typed MS and healthy (HI) donors and showed rapid engraftment by human T and B lymphocytes. Mice receiving cells from MS patients with recent/ongoing Epstein–Barr virus reactivation showed high B cell engraftment capacity. Both HLA-DRB1*15 (DR15) MS and DR15 HI mice, not HLA-DRB1*13 MS mice, developed human T cell infiltration of CNS borders and parenchyma. DR15 MS mice uniquely developed inflammatory lesions in brain and spinal cord gray matter, with spontaneous, hCD8 T cell lesions, and mixed hCD8/hCD4 T cell lesions in EAE immunized mice, with variation in localization and severity between different patient donors. Main limitations of this model for further development are poor monocyte engraftment and lack of demyelination, lymph node organization, and IgG responses. These results show that PBMC humanized mice represent promising research tools for investigating MS immunopathology in a patient-specific approach.

Introduction Adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes, such as unplanned pregnancies and HIV infection, disproportionately affect adolescent girls and young women (AGYW; aged 15–24 years) in east Africa. Increasing uptake of preventive SRH services via innovative, youth-centred interventions is imperative to addressing disparities in SRH outcomes.Methods and analysis From 2018 to 2019, we used human-centred design to co-develop a theoretically driven HIV and pregnancy prevention intervention for AGYW at private drug shops called Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDOs) in Tanzania. The result, Malkia Klabu (Queen Club), was a customer loyalty programme designed to strengthen ADDOs’ role as SRH providers while encouraging uptake of critical SRH prevention products among AGYW. Malkia Klabu members had access to free contraceptives and oral HIV self-test (HIVST) kits and earned punches on a loyalty card for other shop purchases; punches were redeemable for small prizes. Our pilot among 40 shops showed that intervention ADDOs had higher AGYW patronage and distributed more HIVST kits and contraceptives to AGYW relative to business-as-usual (ie, client purchasing) comparison shops. We will conduct a cluster-randomised controlled trial (c-RCT) among 120–140 ADDOs in 40 health catchment areas in Shinyanga and Mwanza Regions (Lake Zone), Tanzania. ADDO shop recruitment includes a 1-month run-in with a tablet-based electronic inventory management system for tracking shop transactions, followed by enrolment, randomisation and a 24-month trial period. Our c-RCT evaluating the human-centred design-derived intervention will assess population impact on the primary outcomes of HIV diagnoses and antenatal care registrations, measured with routine health facility data. We will also assess secondary outcomes focusing on mechanisms of action, evaluate programme exposure and AGYW behaviour change in interviews with AGYW, and assess shop-level implementation strategies and fidelity.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was granted from both the University of California, San Francisco and the Tanzanian National Institute for Medical Research. Study progress and final outcomes will be posted annually to the National Clinical Trials website; study dissemination will occur at conferences, peer-reviewed manuscripts and local convenings of stakeholders.Trial registration number NCT05357144.

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM), the most occurring brain tumor comprises radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery as its treatment modalities. A significant hurdle is the insufficient or impeded transport of drugs to the central nervous system (CNS), linked to the protective influence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanotechnology can help to deliver therapeutic drugs into the central nervous system (CNS) by crossing the BBB. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a broad-spectrum anticancer compound that possesses scientifically proven anticancer activity. Despite having limited applications due to partial solubility and toxicity due to cosolvent preparation, it has shown encouraging outcomes in the treatment of GBM. In these cases, nanotechnology and nanoparticles added certain advantages such as increasing drug half-life, lowering toxicity, and enhancing the permeability and retention across BBB in tumor targeting. This review article is aimed at summarizing the current state of research works on nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) containing PTX in the treatment of Glioblastoma.

The aim of this research was to examine the prediction of aspects of subjective well-being based on resilience and seven basic personality traits in users of gerontological centers, and the incremental contribution of basic personality traits in explaining adaptation to old age, beyond the variance explained by resilience. The sample consisted of 151 participants (54.3% female) with an average age of 80 years. Satisfaction with life, as cognitive indicator, and emotional distress (anxiety, depression, and stress) were used as indicators of subjective well-being. The results showed that resilience, neuroticism (in the negative direction) and positive valence predicted life satisfaction in the elderly. In predicting emotional distress, neuroticism stood out as a key predictor, while the significant contribution of resilience is dimnished by introducing personality traits into the model. The results provide a more complete picture of the relationships between resilience, personality traiits, and subjective well-being in a sample of the elderly in Serbia, and confirm the importance of studying these relationships from a developmental perspective.

Abstract Objective: Despite the literature on dydrogesterone, studies on dydrogesterone utilization patterns are largely lacking in Indian patients. Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study across 817 centers in India. Data of patients who received dydrogesterone in past and provided consent for future use of their medical record for research purpose was were retrieved and analyzed. Results: Data of 7287 subjects (aged 29.55±4.84 years) was analyzed. Threatened abortion was the most common indication for which the subjects received dydrogesterone (46.9%) followed by recurrent pregnancy loss. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders and anemia were the most common comorbid conditions and prior pregnancy loss, advanced maternal age and obesity were the most common risk factors seen in subjects who received dydrogesterone. Total 27.5% of subjects received a loading dose of dydrogesterone, and majority (64%) received 40 mg as loading dose. 10 mg dose was used as maintenance or regular dose in 81.4% of the subjects. Twice daily (BID) was the most common dosing frequency (66.6%). The most common concomitant medications being taken by the subjects on dydrogesterone included folic acid (45.1%), iron supplements (30.3%) and calcium and vitamin D3 supplements (25.5%). Another progesterone preparation (oral, injection, vaginal, tubal) other than dydrogesterone was used concurrently in 7.8% of subjects. Conclusion: The study helped to identify the patient population that is benefitted by dydrogesterone and the preferred indications, risk factors, comorbid conditions and concomitant medication used in this patient population at real-life scenario.