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Objective To study the effect of probiotics on lipid metabolism disorder in obese mice induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, model group (high-fat and high-sucrose feed), probiotics group (2×109 CFU probiotics), inhibitor group (AMPK inhibitor dorsomerphin, 10 mg/kg) and probiotics+inhibitor group, with 10 mice in each group.Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue; Oil Red O staining was used to observe the accumulation of fat in liver tissue; Western blot was used to detect the expression of pathway proteins. Results Compared with control group, in model animals, lipid vacuoles were found in liver tissue, the nuclear staining was deepened, a large amount of fat accumulation and autophagy bodies were reduced, lipid metabolism indexes (TC, TAG,LDL) were raised. Expression of lipid metabolism protein SREBP-1c and mTOR phosphorylation were all increased(P＜0.05); Lipid metabolism indexes HDL, expression of autophagy related protein LC3 and Beclin1 and AMPK phosphorylation of model group were inhibited(P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the lipid vacuoles and fat accumulation in probiotics group were alleviated, and more autophagosomes were observed, TC, TAG, LDL, SREBP-1c expression and mTOR phosphorylation were decreased(P＜0.05), expression of HDL, LC3 and Beclin1 and AMPK phosphorylation of probiotics group were higher (P＜0.05); The number of lipid vacuoles increased and became larger, the accumulation of fat increased while the autophagy decreased, TC, TAG, LDL, SREBP-1c expression level and mTOR phosphorylation level were higher (P＜0.05), expression of HDL, LC3 and Beclin1 protein and AMPK phosphorylation of inhibitor group were inhibited(P＜0.05). The inhibitor group was compared with the model group, the probiotic+inhibitor group was compared with the probiotic group, the lipid vacuoles and fat accumulation in the liver tissue were higher, and the autophagy body counting was reduced, expression of TC, TAG, LDL, SREBP-1c and mTOR phosphorylation were higher (P＜0.05), expression of HDL, LC3 and Beclin1 protein and AMPK phosphorylation were decreased(P＜0.05). Conclusions Probiotics may activate AMPK pathway and then negatively regulate mTOR pathway, promote hepatocyte autophagy and improve lipid metabolism of obese mice induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet.

Imbalanced domain prediction analysis is currently one of the hot research topics. Many real‐world data mining analyses involve using imbalanced data to obtain predictive models. In the context of imbalance, research on classification problems has been extensive, but research on regression problems is negligible. Rare values rarely occur in imbalanced regression problems, but the focus is on accurately predicting the continuous target variables of rare instances. One of the challenges in imbalanced regression is finding a suitable strategy to rebalance the original dataset in order to improve the predictive performance of the model in rare instances. In this study, two algorithms are proposed: sigma nearest over‐sampling based on convex combination for regression (SNOCCR) and affine combination‐based over‐sampling (ACOS). ACOS rebalances the original dataset by generating new instances through the affine combinations of the original examples. The region where the new instances are generated can be adjusted based on the distribution of the data, ensuring that the generated cases better mimic the distribution of the original examples. The comparison among ACOS, SNOCCR, and other preprocessing methods was conducted on 15 datasets to validate the predictive performance of models trained on rebalanced datasets for rare instances. The experimental results indicate that ACOS outperforms other existing methods. In this study, two over‐sampling algorithms are proposed: sigma nearest over‐sampling based on convex combination for regression (SNOCCR) and affine combination‐based over‐sampling (ACOS) in order to improve the predictive performance of the model in imbalanced regression. The experimental results indicate that ACOS outperforms other existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PPG-5-CETETH-20 is a multifunctional raw material. It has a wide range of application in skin care and hair care products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of PPG-5-CETETH-20 in shampoos and conditioners. The results showed that, PPG-5-CETETH-20 could improve the combability, softness and smoothness of hair. In additional, it could improve foam stability and fine bubbles therein, without any influence on the transparency of the products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many indexes have been demonstrated to evaluate the lodging resistance of rice, but most of them are complex or not representative. Thus, we propose a simple and low-cost index, called relative culm wall thickness (RCWT), which can be calculated as the ratio of the basal internode wall thickness to its diameter, to measure the lodging characteristics of rice. A field experiment with 20 indica hybrid rice varieties was conducted in Dayi, Sichuan, China, in 2017 and 2018. The results show that RCWT was significantly negatively correlated with the lodging index, visual lodging rate, plant inclination angle, and bending moment, while it was significantly positively correlated with culm wall thickness, breaking resistance, cellulose, and lignin. Compared with the middle and low RCWT types, the high RCWT type had a lower plant height and center of gravity. Meanwhile, the short basal internodes, thick culm wall thickness, and small pith diameter increased the fullness of the stem, which increased the content of cellulose and lignin in the stem, and thus enhanced the bending resistance and decreased lodging index of the stem. These results indicate that the RCWT can be used as an important index to evaluate the lodging resistance of rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum (CL.koVD) refers to a localized cystic protrusion of the ventricular wall that interacts with the heart cavities through a narrow channel and is a rare heart malformation. In recent years, many cases of this disease involving infants and children have been reported, while few cases involving adults have been described. The case of an adult with CLVD who underwent successful surgery was retrospectively evaluated. The echocardiography examination indicated that the apical myocardium of the left ventricle was thin and bulging outward and that the contractile movement was significantly reduced. During the surgery, it was observed that the left ventricle was enlarged, and a left ventricular diverticulum structure was observed on the left side of the apex. A bovine pericardial patch of the corresponding size was used to continuously suture and repair the internal orifice of the diverticulum. The postoperative pathology revealed that the resected sample was composed of full myocardial tissue. This report focused on the imaging characteristics of left ventricular diverticula to improve the understanding of CLVD. With its simple, economical, and noninvasive characteristics, echocardiography presents the best option for diagnosing a ventricular diverticulum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]