7 results on '"Leal-Castro, Aura Lucía"'
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2. Peptide-Resorcinarene Conjugates Obtained via Click Chemistry: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity
- Author
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Pineda-Castañeda, Héctor Manuel, primary, Maldonado-Villamil, Mauricio, additional, Parra-Giraldo, Claudia Marcela, additional, Leal-Castro, Aura Lucía, additional, Fierro-Medina, Ricardo, additional, Rivera-Monroy, Zuly Jenny, additional, and García-Castañeda, Javier Eduardo, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Consenso para el tratamiento de la infección de vías urinarias altas durante la gestación
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Molina-Muñoz, Juan Sebastián, primary, Cuadrado-Angulo, Jimena, additional, Grillo-Ardila, Carlos Fernando, additional, Angel-Müller, Edith, additional, Cortés, Jorge Alberto, additional, Leal-Castro, Aura Lucía, additional, and Vallejo-Ortega, Maria Teresa, additional
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- 2023
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4. Evaluación de la herramienta SaTScan-Whonet para la detección precoz de brotes en infecciones bacterianas en una institución de tercer nivel de atención en Colombia
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Meneses-Ríos, Andrés, Monsalve-Londoño, José, Leal Castro, Aura Lucía, Gamboa, Óscar, Valderrama-Beltrán, Sandra, and Linares-Miranda, Claudia Janeth
- Abstract
Las infecciones asociadas al cuidado de la salud representan un problema de salud pública y la transmisión horizontal supone un incremento en la morbimortalidad y los costos en la atención. La vigilancia activa es costosa y tiene alto riesgo de omitir la detección de brotes, mientras que la virtual (modelos matemáticos) permite la búsqueda sistemática de alertas de brotes.
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- 2024
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5. Caracterización genómica de factores de virulencia de aislados clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa basados en WGS provenientes de un hospital de Bogotá, Colombia
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Osorio Certuche, Nicole, Barreto Hernández, Emiliano, Leal Castro, Aura Lucía, and Epidemiologia molecular Bioinformática Enfermedades infecciosas
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Infecciones Asociadas a la Atención en Salud ,Infección latente ,Virulence factors ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Latent Infection ,Factores de virulencia ,Secuencio-tipos ,Sequence-types ,Healthcare-associated infections ,WGS - Abstract
ilustraciones, diagramas En humanos la infección por P. aeruginosa es controlada por múltiples factores de virulencia y es una de las causas más recurrentes y graves de infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud. Por lo tanto, el objetivo general de este estudio fue caracterizar los perfiles genómicos de virulencia en aislados clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa provenientes de un hospital universitario de Bogotá- Colombia, utilizando la tecnología de secuenciación de genoma completo (WGS). Este estudio prospectivo se realizó durante los años 2019 y 2021, en donde se secuenciaron 54 aislamientos provenientes de 37 pacientes de los servicios de UCI, hospitalización y Unidad quirúrgica, utilizando las plataformas illumina y Oxford Nanopore. En los genomas se encontraron un total de 246 genes de virulencia, encontrando la presencia de genes de gran importancia en la virulencia de esta bacteria, como el gen pilA que se detectó en el 48,1% de los aislamientos y el gen algD en el 100%. Para las toxinas la prevalencia fue para exoU de (16,6%), exoT (92,5%), exoS (79,6%) y exoY (88,8%). Adicionalmente se encontró la presencia de 16 secuencio-tipos (ST) ya reportados y se encontraron 13 ST nuevos. En conclusión, el uso de tecnologías como WGS permitió determinar el perfil de virulencia de aislados clínicos de P. aeruginosa, logrando un acercamiento global a los perfiles de virulencia de los aislamientos clínicos de esta bacteria en el país, siendo el primer reporte de la prevalencia de más de 200 genes de virulencia en Colombia para P. aeruginosa. (Texto tomado de la fuente) In humans, P. aeruginosa infection is controlled by multiple virulence factors and is one of the most recurrent and serious causes of healthcare-associated infections. The aim of this study was to characterize the virulence genomic profiles in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a hospital in Bogotá-Colombia, using whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology. A prospective study was carried out during the years 2019 and 2021, where 54 isolates from 37 patients from both the ICU and hospitalization services, and operating rooms were sequenced, using the illumina and Oxford Nanopore platforms. A total of 246 virulence genes were found in the genomes, finding the presence of genes of great importance in the virulence of this bacterium, such as the pilA gene that was detected in 48.1% of the isolates and the algD gene that found in the 100% of them. For toxins, the prevalence was for exoU de (16.6%), exoT (92.5%), exoS (79.6%) and exoY (88.8%). Additionally, the presence of 16 sequence-types (ST) already reported and 13 new ST were found. In conclusion, the use of technologies such as WGS made it possible to determine the virulence profile of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, achieving a global approach to the virulence profiles of the clinical isolates of this bacterium in the country, being the first report of the prevalence of more than 200 virulence genes in Colombia for P. aeruginosa. Maestría Magíster en Ciencias - Microbiología Biología molecular de agentes infecciosos
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- 2023
6. Molecular and in vitro sensitivity characterization to antibiotics and cathelicidin peptides as antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Bogotá city
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Fonseca Fernández, Angie Lorena, Celis Ramírez, Adriana Marcela, Leal Castro, Aura Lucía, Mancera García, María Alejandra, Martínez, Heydys, Chad, Leidy, Guevara-Suárez, Marcela, and Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos
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Catelicidina ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Resistencia antibiótica ,Péptidos antimicrobianos ,Antibiotic resistance ,Programas de Optimización del Uso de los Antimicrobianos ,ATRA-1 ,LL-37 ,Cathelicidin ,616 - Enfermedades [610 - Medicina y salud] ,Methicillin resistance ,Patient Isolation ,Antimicrobial Stewardship ,Resistencia a meticilina ,Antimicrobial peptides ,Aislamiento de Pacientes - Abstract
ilustraciones, gráficas, tablas Staphylococcus aureus es una bacteria de gran importancia clínica, caracterizada por ser la especie más virulenta dentro de su género y causante de infecciones muy diversas que pueden amenazar la vida de quienes las padecen. Sin embargo, su importancia no radica únicamente en las enfermedades que causa, sino en la alta capacidad que ha evidenciado para presentar resistencia a múltiples antibióticos dentro de los que se encuentran los βlactámicos, ejemplificada por la resistencia a meticilina. Los aislamientos resistentes a meticilina son un problema de salud pública mundial, que inicialmente se atribuían a ambientes hospitalarios, pero que con el paso del tiempo han comenzado a reportarse cada vez con más frecuencia en la comunidad. Adicional a esto, se ha observado resistencia a otros antibióticos con blancos terapéuticos diferentes. Lo anterior hace necesario la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas que permitan controlar el crecimiento bacteriano de aislamientos que no pueden tratarse mediante los antimicrobianos existentes actualmente. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de péptidos derivados de catelicidina en el crecimiento y la morfología de aislamientos clínicos de S. aureus procedentes de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. Para ello, realizaremos la caracterización molecular respecto al gen de resistencia a meticilina mecA, la proteína A (spa) y pvl , causante de la presencia de leucocidina Panton-Valentine, e identificaremos los perfiles de sensibilidad a compuestos antibióticos de 57 aislamientos clínicos de S. aureus. Adicionalmente, evaluaremos la actividad de péptidos de catelicidina, LL-37 y ATRA-1, y daptomicina sobre los aislamientos clínicos caracterizados. Finalmente, identificaremos los cambios en la morfología bacteriana de S. aureus, por acción de los péptidos de catelicidina, mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido. Determinamos que existe una importante prevalencia de aislamientos resistentes a meticilina, y que además, existen aislamientos con discordancias en el perfil de sensibilidad a estos antibióticos en S. aureus, por otra parte se evidencia una tasa alta de sensibilidad a antibióticos con mecanismos de acciones diferentes a meticilina. Comprobamos que los péptidos LL-37 y ATRA-1 presentan capacidad antimicrobiana frente a este patógeno y que existen diferencias entre la actividad de estos compuestos y el perfil de sensibilidad a meticiilina. Finalmente, comprobamos que estos péptidos generan cambios en la morfología superficial como uno de sus mecanismos de acción, sin embargo, no se descarta que presenten efectos intracelulares que potencien su actividad antimicrobiana. Con este trabajo, buscamos contribuir a la vigilancia de la resistencia bacteriana en la ciudad de Bogotá, promover el desarrollo de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas que permitan controlar la resistencia bacteriana en nuestra región, así como aportar en la caracterización de la actividad de péptidos antimicrobianos sintéticos en S. aureus. (Texto tomado de la fuente) Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium of great clinical importance. It is the most virulent species within its genus and the cause of very diverse infections that can threaten the lives of those who suffer from them. More importantly, it has shown resistance to multiple antibiotics, including β-lactam antibiotics, like Methicillin resistance. Methicillin-resistant isolates are a worldwide public health problem, attributed initially to hospital environments, but it has begun to be reported more and more frequently in the community. In addition to this, resistance to other antibiotics with different therapeutic targets has been observed. That makes it necessary to search for new alternatives to control the bacterial growth of isolates that cannot be treated with existing antibiotics. This work aims to determine the effect of cathelicidin-derived peptides on the growth and morphology of S. aureus clinical isolates from Bogotá D.C. city. We performed molecular characterization of the methicillin resistance mecA gene, protein A (spa), and pvl genes, and we identified the sensitivity profiles to the antibiotics of 57 S. aureus clinical isolates. Additionally, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of LL-37, ATRA-1, and daptomycin on the characterized clinical isolates. Finally, we identified the changes in S. aureus bacterial morphology by peptides’ action using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We determined that there is an important prevalence of resistant isolates to Methicillin. Some of them with discordances in the methicillin sensitivity in S. aureus. However, a high sensitivity rate to antibiotics with mechanisms of action different from methicillin is evidenced. We found that LL-37 and ATRA-1 peptides have antimicrobial capacity against this pathogen and are differences between the activity of these compounds and the sensitivity of the Methicillin profile. Finally, we proved that these peptides generate Surface changes in morphology as one of their mechanisms; however, it is not excluded that they present intracellular effects that potentiate its antimicrobial action. With this work, we are looking to contribute to the surveillance of bacterial resistance in Bogotá city, promote the development of new therapeutic strategies to control bacterial resistance in our region, and contribute to the characterization of the activity of synthetic antimicrobial peptides against S. aureus. Maestría Magíster en Ciencias - Microbiología Caracterización de aislamientos de S. aureus Perfil de sensibilidad antibiótica En este estudio se incluyeron 57 aislamientos proporcionados por el Grupo para el Control de la resistencia bacteriana en Bogotá (GREBO) y el laboratorio de Biofísica de la Universidad de los Andes (ver Anexo A). A partir de estos aislamientos se realizaron cultivos iniciales de 24 h a 37°C en medio solido tripticasa de soya (TSA) (Scharlau Chemie, España). La sensibilidad oxacilina se evalúo empleando el método microdilución en caldo conforme a lo descrito en la norma CLSI M07 (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2018) y a cefoxitina, gentamicina, eritromicina, clindamicina, ciprofloxacina y trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol empleando el método difusión en agar conforme a lo descrito en la normar CLSI M02 (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2018). Como controles se emplearon las cepas Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 25923™), Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 29213™) y Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 33591™) (American Type Culture Collection, Virginia, USA) y los aislamientos clínicos 1631 sensible a daptomicina y 1634 resistente a daptomicina, proporcionados por el laboratorio de Biofísica de la Universidad de los Andes (ver anexo A). Todos los ensayos se realizaron por triplicado. Microbiología médica Biología molecular de agentes infecciosos
- Published
- 2022
7. Consensus for the treatment of upper urinary tract infections during pregnancy
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Molina-Muñoz JS, Cuadrado-Angulo J, Grillo-Ardila CF, Angel-Müller E, Cortés JA, Leal-Castro AL, and Vallejo-Ortega MT
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- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Consensus, Los Angeles, Urinary Tract Infections therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
- Abstract
Objectives: To generate evidence-based recommendations through formal consensus regarding the treatment of upper urinary tract infections during gestation., Materials and Methods: Experts in microbiology, public health, internal medicine, infectious diseases, obstetrics, maternal fetal medicine and obstetric and gynecological infections participated in the consensus development group. The group also included professionals with training in clinical epidemiology, systematic data search, and representatives from the Health Secretariat and the Bogota Obstetrics and Gynecology Association. The participants disclosed their conflicts of interest. Starting with a clinical question, outcomes were graded and a systematic search was conducted in the Medline via PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, and Bireme databases. The search was expanded to include institutional repositories and antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems, with no language or date restrictions. The search was updated on October 1, 2022. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to assess the quality of the evidence and determine the strength of the recommendations. Finally, the RAND/UCLA (Research and Development/University of California Los Angeles) methodology was applied for the formal consensus. This document was reviewed by academic peers before publication., Results: The following are the consensus recommendations. Recommendation 1. The initial management of pregnant women with upper urinary tract infections (UTIs) should be approached in a hospital setting. Recommendation 2. The use of second generation cephalosporins is the suggested first option for empirical antimicrobial management in pregnant women with upper UTI in order to improve the rates of clinical and microbiological cure. Recommendation 3. Because of the risk-benefit balance, the use of aminoglycosides is suggested as a second option for empirical antimicrobial treatment in pregnant women presenting with upper UTIs in the second and third trimester. Recommendation 4. The use of third-generation cephalosporins is suggested as the third option for empirical antimicrobial treatment in pregnant women with upper UTIs given that the risk of inducing microbial resistance is high with this group of antibiotics. Recommendation 5. The use of carbapenems is suggested as a first option in pregnant women with upper UTIs and a history of infections caused by microorganisms with resistance to third or fourth-generation cephalosporins. Recommendation 6. The use of aminoglycosides or fourth-generation cephalosporins is suggested as a second option in pregnant women with upper UTIs and a history of infection caused by microorganisms with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, taking risk-benefit into account. Recommendation 7. The use of piperacillin/tazobactam is suggested as a third option in pregnant women with upper UTIs and a history of infection caused by microorganisms with resistance to third or fourthgeneration cephalosporins. Recommendation 8. Getting a urine culture is recommended in pregnant women with upper UTIs before initiating empirical antimicrobial treatment. Recommendation 9. In pregnant women with upper UTIs, it is suggested to modify therapy in accordance with the results of the sensitivity test when the culture report shows resistance to the antimicrobial agent initiated empirically. Recommendation 10. In pregnant women hospitalized due to upper UTIs, it is suggested to switch to oral antimicrobial therapy after at least 48 hours of modulation of the systemic inflammatory response and the clinical signs of infection, and when tolerance to oral intake is adequate. Recommendation 11. In pregnant women with upper UTIs with no complications secondary to the primary infection, it is recommended to administer antibiotic therapy for a period of 7 to 10 days., Conclusions: It is expected that with this Colombian upper UTI consensus variability in clinical practice will be reduced. It is recommended that groups doing research in maternal fetal medicine assess the implementation and effectiveness of these recommendations.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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