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85 results on '"Larsen, P S"'

1. Distributed Graph Algorithms with Predictions

Author: Boyar, Joan, Ellen, Faith, and Larsen, Kim S.
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
Abstract: We initiate the study of deterministic distributed graph algorithms with predictions in synchronous message passing systems. The process at each node in the graph is given a prediction, which is some extra information about the problem instance that may be incorrect. The processes may use the predictions to help them solve the problem. The overall goal is to develop algorithms that both work faster when predictions are good and do not work much worse than algorithms without predictions when predictions are bad. Concepts from the more general area of algorithms with predictions, such as error measures, consistency, robustness, and smoothness, are adapted to distributed graph algorithms with predictions. We consider algorithms with predictions for four distributed graph problems, Maximal Independent Set, Maximal Matching, $(\Delta+1)$-Vertex Coloring, and $(2\Delta-1)$-Edge Coloring, where $\Delta$ denotes the degree of the graph. For each, we define an appropriate error measure. We present generic templates that can be used to design deterministic distributed graph algorithms with predictions from existing algorithms without predictions. Using these templates, we develop algorithms with predictions for Maximal Independent Set. Alternative error measures for the Maximal Independent Set problem are also considered. We obtain algorithms with predictions for general graphs and for rooted trees and analyze them using two of these error measures., Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures, 6 algorithms
Published: 2025

2. Euclid: Early Release Observations of diffuse stellar structures and globular clusters as probes of the mass assembly of galaxies in the Dorado group

Author: Urbano, M., Duc, P. -A., Saifollahi, T., Sola, E., Lançon, A., Voggel, K., Annibali, F., Baes, M., Bouy, H., Cantiello, Michele, Carollo, D., Cuillandre, J. -C., Dimauro, P., Erwin, P., Ferguson, A. M. N., Habas, R., Hilker, M., Hunt, L. K., Kluge, M., Larsen, S. S., Liu, Q., Marchal, O., Marleau, F. R., Massari, D., Müller, O., Peletier, R. F., Poulain, M., Rejkuba, M., Schirmer, M., Stone, C., Zöller, R., Altieri, B., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baccigalupi, C., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Battaglia, P., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Castignani, G., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Degaudenzi, H., De Lucia, G., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Faustini, F., Ferriol, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., George, K., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kubik, B., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Mignant, D. Le, Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marcin, S., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinelli, M., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Moscardini, L., Nakajima, R., Neissner, C., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Scaramella, R., Schneider, P., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Stanco, L., Steinwagner, J., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tutusaus, I., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zucca, E., Bolzonella, M., Burigana, C., Mora, A., and Scottez, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Deep surveys reveal tidal debris and associated compact stellar systems. Euclid's unique combination of capabilities (spatial resolution, depth, and wide sky coverage) will make it a groundbreaking tool for galactic archaeology in the local Universe, bringing low surface brightness (LSB) science into the era of large-scale astronomical surveys. Euclid's Early Release Observations (ERO) demonstrate this potential with a field of view that includes several galaxies in the Dorado group. In this paper, we aim to derive from this image a mass assembly scenario for its main galaxies: NGC 1549, NGC 1553, and NGC 1546. We detect internal and external diffuse structures, and identify candidate globular clusters (GCs). By analysing the colours and distributions of the diffuse structures and candidate GCs, we can place constraints on the galaxies' mass assembly and merger histories. The results show that feature morphology, surface brightness, colours, and GC density profiles are consistent with galaxies that have undergone different merger scenarios. We classify NGC 1549 as a pure elliptical galaxy that has undergone a major merger. NGC 1553 appears to have recently transitioned from a late-type galaxy to early type, after a series of radial minor to intermediate mergers. NGC 1546 is a rare specimen of galaxy with an undisturbed disk and a prominent diffuse stellar halo, which we infer has been fed by minor mergers and then disturbed by the tidal effect from NGC 1553. Finally, we identify limitations specific to the observing conditions of this ERO, in particular stray light in the visible and persistence in the near-infrared bands. Once these issues are addressed and the extended emission from LSB objects is preserved by the data-processing pipeline, the Euclid Wide Survey will allow studies of the local Universe to be extended to statistical ensembles over a large part of the extragalactic sky., Comment: 25 pages, 20 figures
Published: 2024

3. Euclid: High-precision imaging astrometry and photometry from Early Release Observations. I. Internal kinematics of NGC 6397 by combining Euclid and Gaia data

Author: Libralato, M., Bedin, L. R., Griggio, M., Massari, D., Anderson, J., Cuillandre, J. -C., Ferguson, A. M. N., Lançon, A., Larsen, S. S., Schirmer, M., Annibali, F., Balbinot, E., Dalessandro, E., Erkal, D., Kuzma, P. B., Saifollahi, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Kümmel, M., Nakajima, R., Correnti, M., Battaglia, G., Altieri, B., Amara, A., Andreon, S., Baccigalupi, C., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Battaglia, P., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Caillat, A., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Castignani, G., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., De Lucia, G., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabricius, M., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Faustini, F., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., George, K., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kubik, B., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Laureijs, R., Mignant, D. Le, Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinelli, M., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Neissner, C., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Nightingale, J. W., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sakr, Z., Sánchez, A. G., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Sauvage, M., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Sefusatti, E., Seidel, G., Seiffert, M., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Stanco, L., Steinwagner, J., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tsyganov, A., Tutusaus, I., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Burigana, C., Scottez, V., Scott, D., and Smart, R. L.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The instruments at the focus of the Euclid space observatory offer superb, diffraction-limited imaging over an unprecedented (from space) wide field of view of 0.57 deg$^2$. This exquisite image quality has the potential to produce high-precision astrometry for point sources once the undersampling of Euclid's cameras is taken into account by means of accurate, effective point spread function (ePSF) modelling. We present a complex, detailed workflow to simultaneously solve for the geometric distortion (GD) and model the undersampled ePSFs of the Euclid detectors. Our procedure was successfully developed and tested with data from the Early Release Observations (ERO) programme focused on the nearby globular cluster NGC 6397. Our final one-dimensional astrometric precision for a well-measured star just below saturation is 0.7 mas (0.007 pixel) for the Visible Instrument (VIS) and 3 mas (0.01 pixel) for the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP). Finally, we present a specific scientific application of this high-precision astrometry: the combination of Euclid and Gaia data to compute proper motions and study the internal kinematics of NGC 6397. Future work, when more data become available, will allow for a better characterisation of the ePSFs and GD corrections that are derived here, along with assessment of their temporal stability, and their dependencies on the spectral energy distribution of the sources as seen through the wide-band filters of Euclid., Comment: 23 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A on October 24, 2024. Astro-photometric catalogs and stacked images will be available at the CDS after the paper will be published
Published: 2024

4. Simplicity of $*$-algebras of non-Hausdorff $\mathbb{Z}_2$-multispinal groupoids

Author: Farsi, C., Larsen, N. S., Packer, J., and Thiem, N.
Subjects: Mathematics - Operator Algebras, Mathematics - Group Theory, Mathematics - Rings and Algebras
Abstract: We study simplicity of $C^*$-algebras arising from self-similar groups of $\mathbb{Z}_2$-multispinal type, a generalization of the Grigorchuk case whose simplicity was first proved by L. Clark, R. Exel, E. Pardo, C. Starling, and A. Sims in 2019, and we prove results generalizing theirs. Our first main result is a sufficient condition for simplicity of the Steinberg algebra satisfying conditions modeled on the behavior of the groupoid associated to the first Grigorchuk group. This closely resembles conditions found by B. Steinberg and N. Szak\'acs. As a key ingredient we identify an infinite family of $2-(2q-1,q-1,q/2-1)$-designs, where $q$ is a positive even integer. We then deduce the simplicity of the associated $C^*$-algebra, which is our second main result. Results of similar type were considered by B. Steinberg and N. Szak\'acs in 2021, and later by K. Yoshida, but their methods did not follow the original methods of the five authors.
Published: 2024

5. Complexity Classes for Online Problems with and without Predictions

Author: Berg, Magnus, Boyar, Joan, Favrholdt, Lene M., and Larsen, Kim S.
Subjects: Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
Abstract: With the developments in machine learning, there has been a surge in interest and results focused on algorithms utilizing predictions, not least in online algorithms where most new results incorporate the prediction aspect for concrete online problems. While the structural computational hardness of problems with regards to time and space is quite well developed, not much is known about online problems where time and space resources are typically not in focus. Some information-theoretical insights were gained when researchers considered online algorithms with oracle advice, but predictions of uncertain quality is a very different matter. We initiate the development of a complexity theory for online problems with predictions, focusing on binary predictions for minimization problems. Based on the most generic hard online problem type, string guessing, we define a hierarchy of complexity classes and develop notions of reductions, class membership, hardness, and completeness. Our framework contains all the tools one expects to find when working with complexity, and we illustrate our tools by analyzing problems with different characteristics. Our work also implies the same results for classic online problems without predictions.
Published: 2024

6. Euclid preparation. LVIII. Detecting globular clusters in the Euclid survey

Author: Euclid Collaboration, Voggel, K., Lançon, A., Saifollahi, T., Larsen, S. S., Cantiello, M., Rejkuba, M., Cuillandre, J. -C., Hudelot, P., Nucita, A. A., Urbano, M., Romelli, E., Raj, M. A., Schirmer, M., Tortora, C., Abdurro'uf, Annibali, F., Baes, M., Boldrini, P., Cabanac, R., Carollo, D., Conselice, C. J., Duc, P. -A., Ferguson, A. M. N., Hunt, L. K., Knapen, J. H., Lonare, P., Marleau, F. R., Paolillo, M., Poulain, M., Sánchez-Janssen, R., Sola, E., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baccigalupi, C., Baldi, M., Bardelli, S., Bodendorf, C., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carlberg, R. G., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Castignani, G., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., De Lucia, G., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., George, K., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Jahnke, K., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Laureijs, R., Liebing, P., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinelli, M., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Neissner, C., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Nightingale, J. W., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sakr, Z., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Scaramella, R., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Sefusatti, E., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Steinwagner, J., Surace, C., Tallada-Crespí, P., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Biviano, A., Bolzonella, M., Bozzo, E., Burigana, C., Calabrese, M., Di Ferdinando, D., Vigo, J. A. Escartin, Farinelli, R., Gracia-Carpio, J., Mauri, N., Scottez, V., Tenti, M., Viel, M., Wiesmann, M., Akrami, Y., Allevato, V., Anselmi, S., Ballardini, M., Bethermin, M., Blanchard, A., Blot, L., Borgani, S., Borlaff, A. S., Bruton, S., Calabro, A., Canas-Herrera, G., Cappi, A., Carvalho, C. S., Castro, T., Chambers, K. C., Contarini, S., Cooray, A. R., De Caro, B., Desprez, G., Díaz-Sánchez, A., Di Domizio, S., Dole, H., Escoffier, S., Ferrero, I., Finelli, F., Fornari, F., Gabarra, L., Ganga, K., García-Bellido, J., Gautard, V., Gaztanaga, E., Giacomini, F., Gozaliasl, G., Hall, A., Hildebrandt, H., Hjorth, J., Ilbert, O., Kajava, J. J. E., Kansal, V., Karagiannis, D., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Legrand, L., Libet, G., Loureiro, A., Macias-Perez, J., Maggio, G., Magliocchetti, M., Mannucci, F., Maoli, R., Martins, C. J. A. P., Matthew, S., Maurin, L., Metcalf, R. B., Monaco, P., Moretti, C., Morgante, G., Walton, Nicholas A., Patrizii, L., Pezzotta, A., Pöntinen, M., Popa, V., Porciani, C., Potter, D., Reimberg, P., Risso, I., Rocci, P. -F., Sahlén, M., Schneider, A., Sereno, M., Simon, P., Mancini, A. Spurio, Testera, G., Teyssier, R., Toft, S., Tosi, S., Troja, A., Tucci, M., Valiviita, J., Vergani, D., Verza, G., Zinchenko, I. A., Mamon, G. A., and Scott, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Extragalactic globular clusters (EGCs) are an abundant and powerful tracer of galaxy dynamics and formation, and their own formation and evolution is also a matter of extensive debate. The compact nature of globular clusters means that they are hard to spatially resolve and thus study outside the Local Group. In this work we have examined how well EGCs will be detectable in images from the Euclid telescope, using both simulated pre-launch images and the first early-release observations of the Fornax galaxy cluster. The Euclid Wide Survey will provide high-spatial resolution VIS imaging in the broad IE band as well as near-infrared photometry (YE, JE, and HE). We estimate that the galaxies within 100 Mpc in the footprint of the Euclid survey host around 830 000 EGCs of which about 350 000 are within the survey's detection limits. For about half of these EGCs, three infrared colours will be available as well. For any galaxy within 50Mpc the brighter half of its GC luminosity function will be detectable by the Euclid Wide Survey. The detectability of EGCs is mainly driven by the residual surface brightness of their host galaxy. We find that an automated machine-learning EGC-classification method based on real Euclid data of the Fornax galaxy cluster provides an efficient method to generate high purity and high completeness GC candidate catalogues. We confirm that EGCs are spatially resolved compared to pure point sources in VIS images of Fornax. Our analysis of both simulated and first on-sky data show that Euclid will increase the number of GCs accessible with high-resolution imaging substantially compared to previous surveys, and will permit the study of GCs in the outskirts of their hosts. Euclid is unique in enabling systematic studies of EGCs in a spatially unbiased and homogeneous manner and is primed to improve our understanding of many understudied aspects of GC astrophysics., Comment: Accepted in A&A
Published: 2024
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7. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Globular clusters in the Fornax galaxy cluster, from dwarf galaxies to the intracluster field

Author: Saifollahi, T., Voggel, K., Lançon, A., Cantiello, Michele, Raj, M. A., Cuillandre, J. -C., Larsen, S. S., Marleau, F. R., Venhola, A., Schirmer, M., Carollo, D., Duc, P. -A., Ferguson, A. M. N., Hunt, L. K., Kümmel, M., Laureijs, R., Marchal, O., Nucita, A. A., Peletier, R. F., Poulain, M., Rejkuba, M., Sánchez-Janssen, R., Urbano, M., Abdurro'uf, Altieri, B., Baes, M., Bolzonella, M., Conselice, C. J., Cote, P., Dimauro, P., Gonzalez, A. H., Habas, R., Hudelot, P., Kluge, M., Lonare, P., Massari, D., Romelli, E., Scaramella, R., Sola, E., Stone, C., Tortora, C., van Mierlo, S. E., Knapen, J. H., Martín-Fleitas, J., Mora, A., Román, J., Aghanim, N., Amara, A., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabricius, M., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Granett, B. R., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kitching, T., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Mignant, D. Le, Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., McCracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tsyganov, A., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Biviano, A., Burigana, C., Scottez, V., Simon, P., Balogh, M., and Scott, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present an analysis of Euclid observations of a 0.5 deg$^2$ field in the central region of the Fornax galaxy cluster that were acquired during the performance verification phase. With these data, we investigate the potential of Euclid for identifying GCs at 20 Mpc, and validate the search methods using artificial GCs and known GCs within the field from the literature. Our analysis of artificial GCs injected into the data shows that Euclid's data in $I_{\rm E}$ band is 80% complete at about $I_{\rm E} \sim 26.0$ mag ($M_{V\rm } \sim -5.0$ mag), and resolves GCs as small as $r_{\rm h} = 2.5$ pc. In the $I_{\rm E}$ band, we detect more than 95% of the known GCs from previous spectroscopic surveys and GC candidates of the ACS Fornax Cluster Survey, of which more than 80% are resolved. We identify more than 5000 new GC candidates within the field of view down to $I_{\rm E}$ mag, about 1.5 mag fainter than the typical GC luminosity function turn-over magnitude, and investigate their spatial distribution within the intracluster field. We then focus on the GC candidates around dwarf galaxies and investigate their numbers, stacked luminosity distribution and stacked radial distribution. While the overall GC properties are consistent with those in the literature, an interesting over-representation of relatively bright candidates is found within a small number of relatively GC-rich dwarf galaxies. Our work confirms the capabilities of Euclid data in detecting GCs and separating them from foreground and background contaminants at a distance of 20 Mpc, particularly for low-GC count systems such as dwarf galaxies., Comment: Paper submitted as part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations
Published: 2024

8. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Deep anatomy of nearby galaxies

Author: Hunt, L. K., Annibali, F., Cuillandre, J. -C., Ferguson, A. M. N., Jablonka, P., Larsen, S. S., Marleau, F. R., Schinnerer, E., Schirmer, M., Stone, C., Tortora, C., Saifollahi, T., Lançon, A., Bolzonella, M., Gwyn, S., Kluge, M., Laureijs, R., Carollo, D., Collins, M. L. M., Dimauro, P., Duc, P. -A., Erkal, D., Howell, J. M., Nally, C., Saremi, E., Scaramella, R., Belokurov, V., Conselice, C. J., Knapen, J. H., McConnachie, A. W., McDonald, I., Carretero, J. Miro, Roman, J., Sauvage, M., Sola, E., Aghanim, N., Altieri, B., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Awan, S., Azzollini, R., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Candini, G. P., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Granett, B. R., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holliman, M. S., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Mignant, D. Le, Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., McCracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Nightingale, J. W., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Scodeggio, M., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Burigana, C., De Lucia, G., George, K., Scottez, V., Miluzio, M., Simon, P., Mora, A., Martín-Fleitas, J., and Scott, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Euclid is poised to make significant advances in the study of nearby galaxies in the local Universe. Here we present a first look at 6 galaxies observed for the Nearby Galaxy Showcase as part of the Euclid Early Release Observations acquired between August and November, 2023. These targets, 3 dwarf galaxies (HolmbergII, IC10, NGC6822) and 3 spirals (IC342, NGC2403, NGC6744), range in distance from about 0.5 Mpc to 8.8 Mpc. Our assessment of the surface brightness depths in the stacked Euclid images confirms previous estimates in 100 arcsec^2 regions of 1sigma=30.5 mag/arcsec^2 for VIS, but slightly deeper than previous estimates for NISP with 1sigma=29.2-29.4 mag/arcsec^2. By combining Euclid HE, YE, and IE into RGB images, we illustrate the large field-of-view covered by a single Reference Observing Sequence, together with exquisite detail on parsec scales in these nearby galaxies. Radial surface brightness and color profiles demonstrate galaxy colors in agreement with stellar population synthesis models. Standard stellar photometry selection techniques find approximately 1.3 million stars across the 6 galaxy fields. Euclid's resolved stellar photometry allows us to constrain the star-formation histories of these galaxies, by disentangling the distributions of young stars, as well as asymptotic giant branch and red giant branch stellar populations. We finally examine 2 galaxies individually for surrounding satellite systems. Our analysis of the ensemble of dwarf satellites around NGC6744 reveals a new galaxy, EDwC1, a nucleated dwarf spheroidal at the end of a spiral arm. Our new census of the globular clusters around NGC2403 yields 9 new star-cluster candidates, 8 of which with colors indicative of evolved stellar populations. In summary, our investigation of the 6 Showcase galaxies demonstrates that Euclid is a powerful probe of the anatomy of nearby galaxies [abridged]., Comment: 36 pages; 20 figures in main text; 4 Appendices. Submitted to A&A, as part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations
Published: 2024

9. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Unveiling the morphology of two Milky Way globular clusters out to their periphery

Author: Massari, D., Dalessandro, E., Erkal, D., Balbinot, E., Bovy, J., McDonald, I., Ferguson, A. M. N., Larsen, S. S., Lançon, A., Annibali, F., Goldman, B., Kuzma, P. B., Voggel, K., Saifollahi, T., Cuillandre, J. -C., Schirmer, M., Kluge, M., Altieri, B., Amara, A., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Candini, G. P., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carlberg, R. G., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Degaudenzi, H., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabricius, M., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Garilli, B., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Grazian, A., Guzzo, L., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holliman, M. S., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kitching, T., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Rix, Hans-Walter, Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Seiffert, M., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tutusaus, I., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Zacchei, A., Zamorani, G., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., Bolzonella, M., Burigana, C., Morris, P. W., Scottez, V., Simon, P., Martín-Fleitas, J., and Scott, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: As part of the Euclid Early Release Observations (ERO) programme, we analyse deep, wide-field imaging from the VIS and NISP instruments of two Milky Way globular clusters (GCs), namely NGC 6254 (M10) and NGC 6397, to look for observational evidence of their dynamical interaction with the Milky Way. We search for such an interaction in the form of structural and morphological features in the clusters' outermost regions, which are suggestive of the development of tidal tails on scales larger than those sampled by the ERO programme. Our multi-band photometric analysis results in deep and well-behaved colour-magnitude diagrams that, in turn, enable an accurate membership selection. The surface brightness profiles built from these samples of member stars are the deepest ever obtained for these two Milky Way GCs, reaching down to $\sim30.0$ mag~arcsec$^{-2}$, which is about $1.5$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$ below the current limit. The investigation of the two-dimensional density map of NGC 6254 reveals an elongated morphology of the cluster peripheries in the direction and with the amplitude predicted by $N$-body simulations of the cluster's dynamical evolution, at high statistical significance. We interpret this as strong evidence for the first detection of tidally induced morphological distortion around this cluster. The density map of NGC 6397 reveals a slightly elliptical morphology, in agreement with previous studies, which requires further investigation on larger scales to be properly interpreted. This ERO project thus demonstrates the power of Euclid in studying the outer regions of GCs at an unprecedented level of detail, thanks to the combination of large field of view, high spatial resolution, and depth enabled by the telescope. Our results highlight the future Euclid survey as the ideal data set to investigate GC tidal tails and stellar streams., Comment: 15 pages, 18 figures. Paper accepted as part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations
Published: 2024

10. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Programme overview and pipeline for compact- and diffuse-emission photometry

Author: Cuillandre, J. -C., Bertin, E., Bolzonella, M., Bouy, H., Gwyn, S., Isani, S., Kluge, M., Lai, O., Lançon, A., Lang, D. A., Laureijs, R., Saifollahi, T., Schirmer, M., Stone, C., Abdurro'uf, Aghanim, N., Altieri, B., Annibali, F., Atek, H., Awad, P., Baes, M., Bañados, E., Barrado, D., Belladitta, S., Belokurov, V., Boselli, A., Bournaud, F., Bovy, J., Bowler, R. A. A., Buenadicha, G., Buitrago, F., Cantiello, M., Carollo, D., Codis, S., Collins, M. L. M., Congedo, G., Dalessandro, E., de Lapparent, V., De Paolis, F., Diego, J. M., Dimauro, P., Dinis, J., Dole, H., Duc, P. -A., Erkal, D., Ezziati, M., Ferguson, A. M. N., Ferré-Mateu, A., Franco, A., Gavazzi, R., George, K., Gillard, W., Golden-Marx, J. B., Goldman, B., Gonzalez, A. H., Habas, R., Hartley, W. G., Hatch, N. A., Kohley, R., Hoar, J., Howell, J. M., Hunt, L. K., Jablonka, P., Jauzac, M., Kang, Y., Knapen, J. H., Kneib, J. -P., Kuzma, P. B., Larsen, S. S., Marchal, O., Martín-Fleitas, J., Marcos-Arenal, P., Marleau, F. R., Martín, E. L., Massari, D., McConnachie, A. W., Meneghetti, M., Miluzio, M., Carretero, J. Miro, Miyatake, H., Mondelin, M., Montes, M., Mora, A., Müller, O., Nally, C., Noeske, K., Nucita, A. A., Oesch, P. A., Oguri, M., Peletier, R. F., Poulain, M., Quilley, L., Racca, G. D., Rejkuba, M., Rhodes, J., Rocci, P. -F., Román, J., Sacquegna, S., Saremi, E., Scaramella, R., Schinnerer, E., Serjeant, S., Sola, E., Sorce, J. G., Tarsitano, F., Tereno, I., Toft, S., Tortora, C., Urbano, M., Venhola, A., Voggel, K., Weaver, J. R., Xu, X., Žerjal, M., Zöller, R., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bodendorf, C., Branchini, E., Brau-Nogue, S., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castander, F. J., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Cuby, J. -G., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Douspis, M., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabricius, M., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., McCracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mellier, Y., Meylan, G., Mohr, J. J., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Peacock, J. A., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Riccio, G., Rix, Hans-Walter, Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tsyganov, A., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Baccigalupi, C., Burigana, C., Casenove, P., Liebing, P., Scottez, V., Simon, P., and Scott, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The Euclid ERO showcase Euclid's capabilities in advance of its main mission, targeting 17 astronomical objects, from galaxy clusters, nearby galaxies, globular clusters, to star-forming regions. A total of 24 hours observing time was allocated in the early months of operation, engaging the scientific community through an early public data release. We describe the development of the ERO pipeline to create visually compelling images while simultaneously meeting the scientific demands within months of launch, leveraging a pragmatic, data-driven development strategy. The pipeline's key requirements are to preserve the image quality and to provide flux calibration and photometry for compact and extended sources. The pipeline's five pillars are: removal of instrumental signatures; astrometric calibration; photometric calibration; image stacking; and the production of science-ready catalogues for both the VIS and NISP instruments. We report a PSF with a full width at half maximum of 0.16" in the optical and 0.49" in the three NIR bands. Our VIS mean absolute flux calibration is accurate to about 1%, and 10% for NISP due to a limited calibration set; both instruments have considerable colour terms. The median depth is 25.3 and 23.2 AB mag with a SNR of 10 for galaxies, and 27.1 and 24.5 AB mag at an SNR of 5 for point sources for VIS and NISP, respectively. Euclid's ability to observe diffuse emission is exceptional due to its extended PSF nearly matching a pure diffraction halo, the best ever achieved by a wide-field, high-resolution imaging telescope. Euclid offers unparalleled capabilities for exploring the LSB Universe across all scales, also opening a new observational window in the NIR. Median surface-brightness levels of 29.9 and 28.3 AB mag per square arcsec are achieved for VIS and NISP, respectively, for detecting a 10 arcsec x 10 arcsec extended feature at the 1 sigma level., Comment: Submitted to A&A, 44 pages, 36 figures - Part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations
Published: 2024

11. Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

Author: Euclid Collaboration, Mellier, Y., Abdurro'uf, Barroso, J. A. Acevedo, Achúcarro, A., Adamek, J., Adam, R., Addison, G. E., Aghanim, N., Aguena, M., Ajani, V., Akrami, Y., Al-Bahlawan, A., Alavi, A., Albuquerque, I. S., Alestas, G., Alguero, G., Allaoui, A., Allen, S. W., Allevato, V., Alonso-Tetilla, A. V., Altieri, B., Alvarez-Candal, A., Alvi, S., Amara, A., Amendola, L., Amiaux, J., Andika, I. T., Andreon, S., Andrews, A., Angora, G., Angulo, R. E., Annibali, F., Anselmi, A., Anselmi, S., Arcari, S., Archidiacono, M., Aricò, G., Arnaud, M., Arnouts, S., Asgari, M., Asorey, J., Atayde, L., Atek, H., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aubert, M., Aubourg, E., Auphan, T., Auricchio, N., Aussel, B., Aussel, H., Avelino, P. P., Avgoustidis, A., Avila, S., Awan, S., Azzollini, R., Baccigalupi, C., Bachelet, E., Bacon, D., Baes, M., Bagley, M. B., Bahr-Kalus, B., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Balbinot, E., Balcells, M., Baldi, M., Baldry, I., Balestra, A., Ballardini, M., Ballester, O., Balogh, M., Bañados, E., Barbier, R., Bardelli, S., Baron, M., Barreiro, T., Barrena, R., Barriere, J. -C., Barros, B. J., Barthelemy, A., Bartolo, N., Basset, A., Battaglia, P., Battisti, A. J., Baugh, C. M., Baumont, L., Bazzanini, L., Beaulieu, J. -P., Beckmann, V., Belikov, A. N., Bel, J., Bellagamba, F., Bella, M., Bellini, E., Benabed, K., Bender, R., Benevento, G., Bennett, C. L., Benson, K., Bergamini, P., Bermejo-Climent, J. R., Bernardeau, F., Bertacca, D., Berthe, M., Berthier, J., Bethermin, M., Beutler, F., Bevillon, C., Bhargava, S., Bhatawdekar, R., Bianchi, D., Bisigello, L., Biviano, A., Blake, R. P., Blanchard, A., Blazek, J., Blot, L., Bosco, A., Bodendorf, C., Boenke, T., Böhringer, H., Boldrini, P., Bolzonella, M., Bonchi, A., Bonici, M., Bonino, D., Bonino, L., Bonvin, C., Bon, W., Booth, J. T., Borgani, S., Borlaff, A. S., Borsato, E., Bose, B., Botticella, M. T., Boucaud, A., Bouche, F., Boucher, J. S., Boutigny, D., Bouvard, T., Bouwens, R., Bouy, H., Bowler, R. A. A., Bozza, V., Bozzo, E., Branchini, E., Brando, G., Brau-Nogue, S., Brekke, P., Bremer, M. N., Brescia, M., Breton, M. -A., Brinchmann, J., Brinckmann, T., Brockley-Blatt, C., Brodwin, M., Brouard, L., Brown, M. L., Bruton, S., Bucko, J., Buddelmeijer, H., Buenadicha, G., Buitrago, F., Burger, P., Burigana, C., Busillo, V., Busonero, D., Cabanac, R., Cabayol-Garcia, L., Cagliari, M. S., Caillat, A., Caillat, L., Calabrese, M., Calabro, A., Calderone, G., Calura, F., Quevedo, B. Camacho, Camera, S., Campos, L., Canas-Herrera, G., Candini, G. P., Cantiello, M., Capobianco, V., Cappellaro, E., Cappelluti, N., Cappi, A., Caputi, K. I., Cara, C., Carbone, C., Cardone, V. F., Carella, E., Carlberg, R. G., Carle, M., Carminati, L., Caro, F., Carrasco, J. M., Carretero, J., Carrilho, P., Duque, J. Carron, Carry, B., Carvalho, A., Carvalho, C. S., Casas, R., Casas, S., Casenove, P., Casey, C. M., Cassata, P., Castander, F. J., Castelao, D., Castellano, M., Castiblanco, L., Castignani, G., Castro, T., Cavet, C., Cavuoti, S., Chabaud, P. -Y., Chambers, K. C., Charles, Y., Charlot, S., Chartab, N., Chary, R., Chaumeil, F., Cho, H., Chon, G., Ciancetta, E., Ciliegi, P., Cimatti, A., Cimino, M., Cioni, M. -R. L., Claydon, R., Cleland, C., Clément, B., Clements, D. L., Clerc, N., Clesse, S., Codis, S., Cogato, F., Colbert, J., Cole, R. E., Coles, P., Collett, T. E., Collins, R. S., Colodro-Conde, C., Colombo, C., Combes, F., Conforti, V., Congedo, G., Conseil, S., Conselice, C. J., Contarini, S., Contini, T., Conversi, L., Cooray, A. R., Copin, Y., Corasaniti, P. -S., Corcho-Caballero, P., Corcione, L., Cordes, O., Corpace, O., Correnti, M., Costanzi, M., Costille, A., Courbin, F., Mifsud, L. Courcoult, Courtois, H. M., Cousinou, M. -C., Covone, G., Cowell, T., Cragg, C., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Crocce, M., Cropper, M., Crouzet, P. E, Csizi, B., Cuby, J. -G., Cucchetti, E., Cucciati, O., Cuillandre, J. -C., Cunha, P. A. C., Cuozzo, V., Daddi, E., D'Addona, M., Dafonte, C., Dagoneau, N., Dalessandro, E., Dalton, G. B., D'Amico, G., Dannerbauer, H., Danto, P., Das, I., Da Silva, A., da Silva, R., Doumerg, W. d'Assignies, Daste, G., Davies, J. E., Davini, S., Dayal, P., de Boer, T., Decarli, R., De Caro, B., Degaudenzi, H., Degni, G., de Jong, J. T. A., de la Bella, L. F., de la Torre, S., Delhaise, F., Delley, D., Delucchi, G., De Lucia, G., Denniston, J., De Paolis, F., De Petris, M., Derosa, A., Desai, S., Desjacques, V., Despali, G., Desprez, G., De Vicente-Albendea, J., Deville, Y., Dias, J. D. F., Díaz-Sánchez, A., Diaz, J. J., Di Domizio, S., Diego, J. M., Di Ferdinando, D., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dimauro, P., Dinis, J., Dolag, K., Dolding, C., Dole, H., Sánchez, H. Domínguez, Doré, O., Dournac, F., Douspis, M., Dreihahn, H., Droge, B., Dryer, B., Dubath, F., Duc, P. -A., Ducret, F., Duffy, C., Dufresne, F., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Duret, V., Durrer, R., Durret, F., Dusini, S., Ealet, A., Eggemeier, A., Eisenhardt, P. R. M., Elbaz, D., Elkhashab, M. Y., Ellien, A., Endicott, J., Enia, A., Erben, T., Vigo, J. A. Escartin, Escoffier, S., Sanz, I. Escudero, Essert, J., Ettori, S., Ezziati, M., Fabbian, G., Fabricius, M., Fang, Y., Farina, A., Farina, M., Farinelli, R., Farrens, S., Faustini, F., Feltre, A., Ferguson, A. M. N., Ferrando, P., Ferrari, A. G., Ferré-Mateu, A., Ferreira, P. G., Ferreras, I., Ferrero, I., Ferriol, S., Ferruit, P., Filleul, D., Finelli, F., Finkelstein, S. L., Finoguenov, A., Fiorini, B., Flentge, F., Focardi, P., Fonseca, J., Fontana, A., Fontanot, F., Fornari, F., Fosalba, P., Fossati, M., Fotopoulou, S., Fouchez, D., Fourmanoit, N., Frailis, M., Fraix-Burnet, D., Franceschi, E., Franco, A., Franzetti, P., Freihoefer, J., Frenk, C. . S., Frittoli, G., Frugier, P. -A., Frusciante, N., Fumagalli, A., Fumagalli, M., Fumana, M., Fu, Y., Gabarra, L., Galeotta, S., Galluccio, L., Ganga, K., Gao, H., García-Bellido, J., Garcia, K., Gardner, J. P., Garilli, B., Gaspar-Venancio, L. -M., Gasparetto, T., Gautard, V., Gavazzi, R., Gaztanaga, E., Genolet, L., Santos, R. Genova, Gentile, F., George, K., Gerbino, M., Ghaffari, Z., Giacomini, F., Gianotti, F., Gibb, G. P. S., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Ginolfi, M., Giocoli, C., Girardi, M., Giri, S. K., Goh, L. W. K., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gonzalez, A. H., Gonzalez, E. J., Gonzalez, J. C., Beauchamps, S. Gouyou, Gozaliasl, G., Gracia-Carpio, J., Grandis, S., Granett, B. R., Granvik, M., Grazian, A., Gregorio, A., Grenet, C., Grillo, C., Grupp, F., Gruppioni, C., Gruppuso, A., Guerbuez, C., Guerrini, S., Guidi, M., Guillard, P., Gutierrez, C. M., Guttridge, P., Guzzo, L., Gwyn, S., Haapala, J., Haase, J., Haddow, C. R., Hailey, M., Hall, A., Hall, D., Hamaus, N., Haridasu, B. S., Harnois-Déraps, J., Harper, C., Hartley, W. G., Hasinger, G., Hassani, F., Hatch, N. A., Haugan, S. V. H., Häußler, B., Heavens, A., Heisenberg, L., Helmi, A., Helou, G., Hemmati, S., Henares, K., Herent, O., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Heuberger, T., Hewett, P. C., Heydenreich, S., Hildebrandt, H., Hirschmann, M., Hjorth, J., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holland, A. D., Holliman, M. S., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Horeau, B., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hosseini, S., Hu, D., Hudelot, P., Hudson, M. J., Huertas-Company, M., Huff, E. M., Hughes, A. C. N., Humphrey, A., Hunt, L. K., Huynh, D. D., Ibata, R., Ichikawa, K., Iglesias-Groth, S., Ilbert, O., Ilić, S., Ingoglia, L., Iodice, E., Israel, H., Israelsson, U. E., Izzo, L., Jablonka, P., Jackson, N., Jacobson, J., Jafariyazani, M., Jahnke, K., Jain, B., Jansen, H., Jarvis, M. J., Jasche, J., Jauzac, M., Jeffrey, N., Jhabvala, M., Jimenez-Teja, Y., Muñoz, A. Jimenez, Joachimi, B., Johansson, P. H., Joudaki, S., Jullo, E., Kajava, J. J. E., Kang, Y., Kannawadi, A., Kansal, V., Karagiannis, D., Kärcher, M., Kashlinsky, A., Kazandjian, M. V., Keck, F., Keihänen, E., Kerins, E., Kermiche, S., Khalil, A., Kiessling, A., Kiiveri, K., Kilbinger, M., Kim, J., King, R., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kitching, T., Kluge, M., Knabenhans, M., Knapen, J. H., Knebe, A., Kneib, J. -P., Kohley, R., Koopmans, L. V. E., Koskinen, H., Koulouridis, E., Kou, R., Kovács, A., Kovačić, I., Kowalczyk, A., Koyama, K., Kraljic, K., Krause, O., Kruk, S., Kubik, B., Kuchner, U., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lacey, C. G., La Franca, F., Lagarde, N., Lahav, O., Laigle, C., La Marca, A., La Marle, O., Lamine, B., Lam, M. C., Lançon, A., Landt, H., Langer, M., Lapi, A., Larcheveque, C., Larsen, S. S., Lattanzi, M., Laudisio, F., Laugier, D., Laureijs, R., Laurent, V., Lavaux, G., Lawrenson, A., Lazanu, A., Lazeyras, T., Boulc'h, Q. Le, Brun, A. M. C. Le, Brun, V. Le, Leclercq, F., Lee, S., Graet, J. Le, Legrand, L., Leirvik, K. N., Jeune, M. Le, Lembo, M., Mignant, D. Le, Lepinzan, M. D., Lepori, F., Reun, A. Le, Leroy, G., Lesci, G. F., Lesgourgues, J., Leuzzi, L., Levi, M. E., Liaudat, T. I., Libet, G., Liebing, P., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lin, C. -C., Linde, D., Linder, E., Lindholm, V., Linke, L., Li, S. -S., Liu, S. J., Lloro, I., Lobo, F. S. N., Lodieu, N., Lombardi, M., Lombriser, L., Lonare, P., Longo, G., López-Caniego, M., Lopez, X. Lopez, Alvarez, J. Lorenzo, Loureiro, A., Loveday, J., Lusso, E., Macias-Perez, J., Maciaszek, T., Maggio, G., Magliocchetti, M., Magnard, F., Magnier, E. A., Magro, A., Mahler, G., Mainetti, G., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Malavasi, N., Mamon, G. A., Mancini, C., Mandelbaum, R., Manera, M., Manjón-García, A., Mannucci, F., Mansutti, O., Outeiro, M. Manteiga, Maoli, R., Maraston, C., Marcin, S., Marcos-Arenal, P., Margalef-Bentabol, B., Marggraf, O., Marinucci, D., Marinucci, M., Markovic, K., Marleau, F. R., Marpaud, J., Martignac, J., Martín-Fleitas, J., Martin-Moruno, P., Martin, E. L., Martinelli, M., Martinet, N., Martin, H., Martins, C. J. A. P., Marulli, F., Massari, D., Massey, R., Masters, D. C., Matarrese, S., Matsuoka, Y., Matthew, S., Maughan, B. J., Mauri, N., Maurin, L., Maurogordato, S., McCarthy, K., McConnachie, A. W., McCracken, H. J., McDonald, I., McEwen, J. D., McPartland, C. J. R., Medinaceli, E., Mehta, V., Mei, S., Melchior, M., Melin, J. -B., Ménard, B., Mendes, J., Mendez-Abreu, J., Meneghetti, M., Mercurio, A., Merlin, E., Metcalf, R. B., Meylan, G., Migliaccio, M., Mignoli, M., Miller, L., Miluzio, M., Milvang-Jensen, B., Mimoso, J. P., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Mobasher, B., Mohr, J. J., Monaco, P., Monguió, M., Montoro, A., Mora, A., Dizgah, A. Moradinezhad, Moresco, M., Moretti, C., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Moriya, T. J., Morris, P. W., Mortlock, D. J., Moscardini, L., Mota, D. F., Mottet, S., Moustakas, L. A., Moutard, T., Müller, T., Munari, E., Murphree, G., Murray, C., Murray, N., Musi, P., Nadathur, S., Nagam, B. C., Nagao, T., Naidoo, K., Nakajima, R., Nally, C., Natoli, P., Navarro-Alsina, A., Girones, D. Navarro, Neissner, C., Nersesian, A., Nesseris, S., Nguyen-Kim, H. N., Nicastro, L., Nichol, R. C., Nielbock, M., Niemi, S. -M., Nieto, S., Nilsson, K., Noller, J., Norberg, P., Nouri-Zonoz, A., Ntelis, P., Nucita, A. A., Nugent, P., Nunes, N. J., Nutma, T., Ocampo, I., Odier, J., Oesch, P. A., Oguri, M., Oliveira, D. Magalhaes, Onoue, M., Oosterbroek, T., Oppizzi, F., Ordenovic, C., Osato, K., Pacaud, F., Pace, F., Padilla, C., Paech, K., Pagano, L., Page, M. J., Palazzi, E., Paltani, S., Pamuk, S., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, D., Paolillo, M., Papaderos, P., Pardede, K., Parimbelli, G., Parmar, A., Partmann, C., Pasian, F., Passalacqua, F., Paterson, K., Patrizii, L., Pattison, C., Paulino-Afonso, A., Paviot, R., Peacock, J. A., Pearce, F. R., Pedersen, K., Peel, A., Peletier, R. F., Ibanez, M. Pellejero, Pello, R., Penny, M. T., Percival, W. J., Perez-Garrido, A., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Pezzotta, A., Pezzuto, S., Philippon, A., Pierre, M., Piersanti, O., Pietroni, M., Piga, L., Pilo, L., Pires, S., Pisani, A., Pizzella, A., Pizzuti, L., Plana, C., Polenta, G., Pollack, J. E., Poncet, M., Pöntinen, M., Pool, P., Popa, L. A., Popa, V., Popp, J., Porciani, C., Porth, L., Potter, D., Poulain, M., Pourtsidou, A., Pozzetti, L., Prandoni, I., Pratt, G. W., Prezelus, S., Prieto, E., Pugno, A., Quai, S., Quilley, L., Racca, G. D., Raccanelli, A., Rácz, G., Radinović, S., Radovich, M., Ragagnin, A., Ragnit, U., Raison, F., Ramos-Chernenko, N., Ranc, C., Rasera, Y., Raylet, N., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Reimberg, P., Reiprich, T. H., Renk, F., Renzi, A., Retre, J., Revaz, Y., Reylé, C., Reynolds, L., Rhodes, J., Ricci, F., Ricci, M., Riccio, G., Ricken, S. O., Rissanen, S., Risso, I., Rix, H. -W., Robin, A. C., Rocca-Volmerange, B., Rocci, P. -F., Rodenhuis, M., Rodighiero, G., Monroy, M. Rodriguez, Rollins, R. P., Romanello, M., Roman, J., Romelli, E., Romero-Gomez, M., Roncarelli, M., Rosati, P., Rosset, C., Rossetti, E., Roster, W., Rottgering, H. J. A., Rozas-Fernández, A., Ruane, K., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Rudolph, A., Ruppin, F., Rusholme, B., Sacquegna, S., Sáez-Casares, I., Saga, S., Saglia, R., Sahlén, M., Saifollahi, T., Sakr, Z., Salvalaggio, J., Salvaterra, R., Salvati, L., Salvato, M., Salvignol, J. -C., Sánchez, A. G., Sanchez, E., Sanders, D. B., Sapone, D., Saponara, M., Sarpa, E., Sarron, F., Sartori, S., Sartoris, B., Sassolas, B., Sauniere, L., Sauvage, M., Sawicki, M., Scaramella, R., Scarlata, C., Scharré, L., Schaye, J., Schewtschenko, J. A., Schindler, J. -T., Schinnerer, E., Schirmer, M., Schmidt, F., Schmidt, M., Schneider, A., Schneider, M., Schneider, P., Schöneberg, N., Schrabback, T., Schultheis, M., Schulz, S., Schuster, N., Schwartz, J., Sciotti, D., Scodeggio, M., Scognamiglio, D., Scott, D., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Sefusatti, E., Seidel, G., Seiffert, M., Sellentin, E., Selwood, M., Semboloni, E., Sereno, M., Serjeant, S., Serrano, S., Setnikar, G., Shankar, F., Sharples, R. M., Short, A., Shulevski, A., Shuntov, M., Sias, M., Sikkema, G., Silvestri, A., Simon, P., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Slezak, E., Sluse, D., Smith, G. P., Smith, L. C., Smith, R. E., Smit, S. J. A., Soldano, F., Solheim, B. G. B., Sorce, J. G., Sorrenti, F., Soubrie, E., Spinoglio, L., Mancini, A. Spurio, Stadel, J., Stagnaro, L., Stanco, L., Stanford, S. A., Starck, J. -L., Stassi, P., Steinwagner, J., Stern, D., Stone, C., Strada, P., Strafella, F., Stramaccioni, D., Surace, C., Sureau, F., Suyu, S. H., Swindells, I., Szafraniec, M., Szapudi, I., Taamoli, S., Talia, M., Tallada-Crespí, P., Tanidis, K., Tao, C., Tarrío, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Taylor, J. E., Taylor, P. L., Teixeira, E. M., Tenti, M., Idiago, P. Teodoro, Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Tessore, N., Testa, V., Testera, G., Tewes, M., Teyssier, R., Theret, N., Thizy, C., Thomas, P. D., Toba, Y., Toft, S., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tolstoy, E., Tommasi, E., Torbaniuk, O., Torradeflot, F., Tortora, C., Tosi, S., Tosti, S., Trifoglio, M., Troja, A., Trombetti, T., Tronconi, A., Tsedrik, M., Tsyganov, A., Tucci, M., Tutusaus, I., Uhlemann, C., Ulivi, L., Urbano, M., Vacher, L., Vaillon, L., Valageas, P., Valdes, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Valieri, C., Valiviita, J., Broeck, M. Van den, Vassallo, T., Vavrek, R., Vega-Ferrero, J., Venemans, B., Venhola, A., Ventura, S., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Vergani, D., Verma, A., Vernizzi, F., Veropalumbo, A., Verza, G., Vescovi, C., Vibert, D., Viel, M., Vielzeuf, P., Viglione, C., Viitanen, A., Villaescusa-Navarro, F., Vinciguerra, S., Visticot, F., Voggel, K., von Wietersheim-Kramsta, M., Vriend, W. J., Wachter, S., Walmsley, M., Walth, G., Walton, D. M., Walton, N. A., Wander, M., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Weaver, J. R., Weller, J., Wetzstein, M., Whalen, D. J., Whittam, I. H., Widmer, A., Wiesmann, M., Wilde, J., Williams, O. R., Winther, H. -A., Wittje, A., Wong, J. H. W., Wright, A. H., Yankelevich, V., Yeung, H. W., Yoon, M., Youles, S., Yung, L. Y. A., Zacchei, A., Zalesky, L., Zamorani, G., Vitorelli, A. Zamorano, Marc, M. Zanoni, Zennaro, M., Zerbi, F. M., Zinchenko, I. A., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., and Zumalacarregui, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance., Comment: Accepted for publication in the A&A special issue`Euclid on Sky'
Published: 2024

12. Genistein in focus: pharmacological effects and immune pathway modulation in cancer

Author: Goleij, Pouya, Tabari, Mohammad Amin Khazeei, Khandan, Mohanna, Poudineh, Mohadeseh, Rezaee, Aryan, Sadreddini, Sarvin, Sanaye, Pantea Majma, Khan, Haroon, Larsen, Danaé S, and Daglia, Maria
Published: 2024
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13. Detailed chemical composition of the globular cluster Sextans A GC-1 on the outskirts of the Local Group

Author: Gvozdenko, Anastasia, Larsen, Søren S., Beasley, Michael A., Cabrera-Ziri, Ivan, Eitner, Philipp, Battaglia, Giuseppina, and Leaman, Ryan
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The chemical composition of globular clusters (GCs) across the Local Group provides information on chemical abundance trends. The host galaxy, Sextans A, is a low-surface-brightness dwarf irregular galaxy located on the edge of the Local Group.We derive the dynamical mass of the GC together with the mass-to-light ratio and the abundances of the ${\alpha}$ (Mg, Ca, Ti, Si), Fe-peak (Fe, Cr, Mn, Sc, Ni), and heavy elements (Ba, Cu, Zn, Eu). Abundance ratios were determined from the analysis of an optical integrated-light spectrum of Sextans A GC-1, obtained with UVES on the VLT. We apply non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) corrections to Mg, Ca, Ti, Fe, and Ni. The GC appears to be younger and more metal-poor than the majority of the GCs of the Milky Way, with an age of 8.6$\pm$2.7 Gyr and $\text{[Fe/H]}=-2.14\pm0.04$ dex. The calculated dynamical mass is $(5.18 \pm1.62) \times 10^5 M_{\odot}$, which results in an atypically high value of the mass-to-light ratio, 4.35$\pm$1.40 M$_{\odot}$/L$_{V \odot}$. Sextans A GC-1 has varying $\alpha$ elements - the Mg abundance is extremely low ($\text{[Mg/Fe]}=-0.79\pm0.29$), Ca and Ti are solar-scaled or mildly enhanced, and Si is enhanced. This makes the mean $\alpha$ abundance (excluding Mg) to be enhanced. The Fe-peak elements are consistent with scaled-solar or slightly enhanced abundances. Ba and Cu have sub-solar abundance ratios, while Zn and Eu are consistent with their upper limits being solar-scaled and enhanced. The composition of Sextans A GC-1 resembles the overall pattern and behaviour of GCs in the Local Group. The anomalous values are the mass-to-light ratio and the depleted abundance of Mg. There is no definite explanation for such an extreme abundance value. Variations in the initial mass function or the presence of an intermediate-mass black hole might explain the high mass-to-light ratio value., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2024

14. Online Unit Profit Knapsack with Predictions

Author: Boyar, Joan, Favrholdt, Lene M., and Larsen, Kim S.
Published: 2024
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15. Fluorescent non-canonical amino acid provides insight into the human serotonin transporter

Author: Nygaard, Andreas, Zachariassen, Linda G., Larsen, Kathrine S., Kristensen, Anders S., and Loland, Claus J.
Published: 2024
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16. Impact of MRI radiomic feature normalization for prognostic modelling in uterine endometrial and cervical cancers

Author: Hodneland, Erlend, Andersen, Erling, Wagner-Larsen, Kari S., Dybvik, Julie A., Lura, Njål, Fasmer, Kristine E., Halle, Mari K., Krakstad, Camilla, and Haldorsen, Ingfrid
Published: 2024
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17. Radiomic profiles improve prognostication and reveal targets for therapy in cervical cancer

Author: Halle, Mari Kyllesø, Hodneland, Erlend, Wagner-Larsen, Kari S., Lura, Njål G., Fasmer, Kristine E., Berg, Hege F., Stokowy, Tomasz, Srivastava, Aashish, Forsse, David, Hoivik, Erling A., Woie, Kathrine, Bertelsen, Bjørn I., Krakstad, Camilla, and Haldorsen, Ingfrid S.
Published: 2024
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18. Aquiferous system, filtration rates and hydrodynamics of the syconoid calcareous sponge Urna sp.

Author: Goldstein, Josephine, Bisbo, Nicklas, Funch, Peter, Daugaard, Nicoline D., Larsen, Poul S., Brewer, Jonathan R., and Riisgård, Hans Ulrik
Published: 2024
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19. Online Interval Scheduling with Predictions

Author: Boyar, Joan, Favrholdt, Lene M., Kamali, Shahin, and Larsen, Kim S.
Subjects: Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, F.2.2
Abstract: In online interval scheduling, the input is an online sequence of intervals, and the goal is to accept a maximum number of non-overlapping intervals. In the more general disjoint path allocation problem, the input is a sequence of requests, each consisting of pairs of vertices of a known graph, and the goal is to accept a maximum number of requests forming edge-disjoint paths between accepted pairs. We study a setting with a potentially erroneous prediction specifying the set of requests forming the input sequence and provide tight upper and lower bounds on the competitive ratios of online algorithms as a function of the prediction error. We also present asymptotically tight trade-offs between consistency (competitive ratio with error-free predictions) and robustness (competitive ratio with adversarial predictions) of interval scheduling algorithms. Finally, we provide experimental results on real-world scheduling workloads that confirm our theoretical analysis.
Published: 2023

20. Online Minimum Spanning Trees with Weight Predictions

Author: Berg, Magnus, Boyar, Joan, Favrholdt, Lene M., and Larsen, Kim S.
Subjects: Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
Abstract: We consider the minimum spanning tree problem with predictions, using the weight-arrival model, i.e., the graph is given, together with predictions for the weights of all edges. Then the actual weights arrive one at a time and an irrevocable decision must be made regarding whether or not the edge should be included into the spanning tree. In order to assess the quality of our algorithms, we define an appropriate error measure and analyze the performance of the algorithms as a function of the error. We prove that, according to competitive analysis, the simplest algorithm, Follow-the-Predictions, is optimal. However, intuitively, one should be able to do better, and we present a greedy variant of Follow-the-Predictions. In analyzing that algorithm, we believe we present the first random order analysis of a non-trivial online algorithm with predictions, by which we obtain an algorithmic separation. This may be useful for distinguishing between algorithms for other problems when Follow-the-Predictions is optimal according to competitive analysis.
Published: 2023

21. Quotable Signatures for Authenticating Shared Quotes

Author: Boyar, Joan, Erfurth, Simon, Larsen, Kim S., and Niederhagen, Ruben
Subjects: Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract: Quotable signature schemes are digital signature schemes with the additional property that from the signature for a message, any party can extract signatures for (allowable) quotes from the message, without knowing the secret key or interacting with the signer of the original message. Crucially, the extracted signatures are still signed with the original secret key. We define a notion of security for quotable signature schemes and construct a concrete example of a quotable signature scheme, using Merkle trees and classical digital signature schemes. The scheme is shown to be secure, with respect to the aforementioned notion of security. Additionally, we prove bounds on the complexity of the constructed scheme and provide algorithms for signing, quoting, and verifying. Finally, concrete use cases of quotable signatures are considered, using them to combat misinformation by bolstering authentic content on social media. We consider both how quotable signatures can be used, and why using them could help mitigate the effects of fake news., Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2022

22. Spectral Triples for Noncommutative Solenoids and a Wiener's lemma

Author: Farsi, Carla, Landry, Therese Basa, Larsen, Nadia S., and Packer, Judith A.
Subjects: Mathematics - Operator Algebras, 46L87, 22D15, 58B34 (primary), and 47B07 (secondary)
Abstract: In this paper we construct odd finitely summable spectral triples based on length functions of bounded doubling on noncommutative solenoids. Our spectral triples induce a Leibniz Lip-norm on the state spaces of the noncommutative solenoids, giving them the structure of Leibniz quantum compact metric spaces. By applying methods of R. Floricel and A. Ghorbanpour, we also show that our odd spectral triples on noncommutative solenoids can be considered as direct limits of spectral triples on rotation algebras. In the final section we prove a noncommutative Wiener's lemma and show that our odd spectral triples can be defined to have an associated smooth dense subalgebra which is stable under the holomorphic functional calculus, thus answering a question of B. Long and W. Wu. The construction of the smooth subalgebra also extends to the case of nilpotent discrete groups.
Published: 2022

23. The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: Survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

Author: Jin, Shoko, Trager, Scott C., Dalton, Gavin B., Aguerri, J. Alfonso L., Drew, J. E., Falcón-Barroso, Jesús, Gänsicke, Boris T., Hill, Vanessa, Iovino, Angela, Pieri, Matthew M., Poggianti, Bianca M., Smith, D. J. B., Vallenari, Antonella, Abrams, Don Carlos, Aguado, David S., Antoja, Teresa, Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso, Ascasibar, Yago, Babusiaux, Carine, Balcells, Marc, Barrena, R., Battaglia, Giuseppina, Belokurov, Vasily, Bensby, Thomas, Bonifacio, Piercarlo, Bragaglia, Angela, Carrasco, Esperanza, Carrera, Ricardo, Cornwell, Daniel J., Domínguez-Palmero, Lilian, Duncan, Kenneth J., Famaey, Benoit, Fariña, Cecilia, Gonzalez, Oscar A., Guest, Steve, Hatch, Nina A., Hess, Kelley M., Hoskin, Matthew J., Irwin, Mike, Knapen, Johan H., Koposov, Sergey E., Kuchner, Ulrike, Laigle, Clotilde, Lewis, Jim, Longhetti, Marcella, Lucatello, Sara, Méndez-Abreu, Jairo, Mercurio, Amata, Molaeinezhad, Alireza, Monguió, Maria, Morrison, Sean, Murphy, David N. A., de Arriba, Luis Peralta, Pérez, Isabel, Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi, Picó, Sergio, Raddi, Roberto, Romero-Gómez, Mercè, Royer, Frédéric, Siebert, Arnaud, Seabroke, George M., Som, Debopam, Terrett, David, Thomas, Guillaume, Wesson, Roger, Worley, C. Clare, Alfaro, Emilio J., Prieto, Carlos Allende, Alonso-Santiago, Javier, Amos, Nicholas J., Ashley, Richard P., Balaguer-Núñez, Lola, Balbinot, Eduardo, Bellazzini, Michele, Benn, Chris R., Berlanas, Sara R., Bernard, Edouard J., Best, Philip, Bettoni, Daniela, Bianco, Andrea, Bishop, Georgia, Blomqvist, Michael, Boeche, Corrado, Bolzonella, Micol, Bonoli, Silvia, Bosma, Albert, Britavskiy, Nikolay, Busarello, Gianni, Caffau, Elisabetta, Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan, Castro-Ginard, Alfred, Couto, Guilherme, Carbajo-Hijarrubia, Juan, Carter, David, Casamiquela, Laia, Conrado, Ana M., Corcho-Caballero, Pablo, Costantin, Luca, Deason, Alis, de Burgos, Abel, De Grandi, Sabrina, Di Matteo, Paola, Domínguez-Gómez, Jesús, Dorda, Ricardo, Drake, Alyssa, Dutta, Rajeshwari, Erkal, Denis, Feltzing, Sofia, Ferré-Mateu, Anna, Feuillet, Diane, Figueras, Francesca, Fossat, Matteo, Franciosin, Elena, Frasca, Antonio, Fumagalli, Michele, Gallazzi, Anna, García-Benito, Rubén, Fusillo, Nicola Gentile, Gebran, Marwan, Gilbert, James, Gledhill, T. M., Delgado, Rosa M. González, Greimel, Robert, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Guerra, Jose, Gullieuszik, Marco, Haines, Christopher P., Hardcastle, Martin J., Harris, Amy, Haywood, Misha, Helmi, Amina, Hernandez, Nauzet, Herrero, Artemio, Hughes, Sarah, Irsic, Vid, Jablonka, Pascale, Jarvis, Matt J., Jordi, Carme, Kondapally, Rohit, Kordopatis, Georges, Krogager, Jens-Kristian, La Barbera, Francesco, Lam, Man I, Larsen, Søren S., Lemasle, Bertrand, Lewis, Ian J., Lhomé, Emilie, Lind, Karin, Lodi, Marcello, Longobardi, Alessia, Lonoce, Ilaria, Magrin, Laura, Apellániz, Jesús Maíz, Marchal, Olivier, Marco, Amparo, Martin, Nicolas F., Matsuno, Tadafumi, Maurogordato, Sophie, Merluzzi, Paola, Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Molinari, Emilio, Monari, Giacomo, Morelli, Lorenzo, Mottram, Christopher J., Naylor, Tim, Negueruela, Ignacio, Oñorbe, Jose, Pancino, Elena, Peirani, Sébastien, Peletier, Reynier F., Pozzetti, Lucia, Rainer, Monica, Ramos, Pau, Read, Shaun C., Rossi, Elena Maria, Röttgering, Huub J. A., Rubiño-Martín, Jose Alberto, Montes, Jose Sabater, Juan, José San, Sanna, Nicoletta, Schallig, Ellen, Schiavon, Ricardo P., Schultheis, Mathias, Serra, Paolo, Shimwell, Timothy W., Simón-Díaz, Sergio, Smith, Russell J., Sordo, Rosanna, Sorini, Daniele, Soubiran, Caroline, Starkenburg, Else, Steele, Iain A., Stott, John, Stuik, Remko, Tolstoy, Eline, Tortora, Crescenzo, Tsantaki, Maria, Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu, van Weeren, Reinout J., Vergani, Daniela, Verheijen, Marc A. W., Verro, Kristiina, Vink, Jorick S., Vioque, Miguel, Walcher, C. Jakob, Walton, Nicholas A., Wegg, Christopher, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Williams, Wendy L., Wilson, Andrew J., Wright, Nicholas J., Xylakis-Dornbusch, Theodora, Youakim, Kris, Zibetti, Stefano, and Zurita, Cristina
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366$-$959\,nm at $R\sim5000$, or two shorter ranges at $R\sim20\,000$. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for $\sim$3 million stars and detailed abundances for $\sim1.5$ million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey $\sim0.4$ million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey $\sim400$ neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in $z<0.5$ cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in $\sim25\,000$ field galaxies at $0.3\lesssim z \lesssim 0.7$; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star formation using $>1$ million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at $z>2$. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator., Comment: 41 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS; updated version including information on individual grants in a revised Acknowledgements section, corrections to the affiliation list, and an updated references list
Published: 2022
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24. Gauge-invariant uniqueness theorems for $P$-graphs

Author: Huben, Robert, Kaliszewski, S., Larsen, Nadia S., and Quigg, John
Subjects: Mathematics - Operator Algebras, Primary 46L05
Abstract: We prove a version of the result in the title that makes use of maximal coactions in the context of discrete groups. Earlier Gauge-Invariant Uniqueness theorems for $C^*$-algebras associated to $P$-graphs and similar $C^*$-algebras exploited a property of coactions known as normality. In the present paper, the view point is that maximal coactions provide a more natural starting point to state and prove such uniqueness theorems. A byproduct of our approach consists of an abstract characterization of co-universal representations for a Fell bundle over a discrete group., Comment: 11 pages
Published: 2022

25. The effects of stellar rotation along the main sequence of the 100 Myr old massive cluster NGC 1850

Author: Kamann, Sebastian, Saracino, Sara, Bastian, Nate, Gossage, Seth, Usher, Christopher, Baade, Dietrich, Cabrera-Ziri, Ivan, de Mink, Selma E., Ekström, Sylvia, Georgy, Cyril, Hilker, Michael, Larsen, Søren S., Mackey, Dougal, Niederhofer, Florian, Platais, Imants, and Yong, David
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Young star clusters enable us to study the effects of stellar rotation on an ensemble of stars of the same age and across a wide range in stellar mass and are therefore ideal targets for understanding the consequences of rotation on stellar evolution. We combine MUSE spectroscopy with HST photometry to measure the projected rotational velocities (Vsini) of 2,184 stars along the split main sequence and on the main sequence turn-off (MSTO) of the 100 Myr-old massive (10^5 M_sun) star cluster NGC 1850 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. At fixed magnitude, we observe a clear correlation between Vsini and colour, in the sense that fast rotators appear redder. The average Vsini values for stars on the blue and red branches of the split main sequence are ~100 km/s and ~200 km/s, respectively. The values correspond to about 25-30% and 50-60% of the critical rotation velocity and imply that rotation rates comparable to those observed in field stars of similar masses can explain the split main sequence. Our spectroscopic sample contains a rich population of ~200 fast rotating Be stars. The presence of shell features suggests that 23% of them are observed through their decretion disks, corresponding to a disk opening angle of 15 degrees. These shell stars can significantly alter the shape of the MSTO, hence care should be taken when interpreting this photometric feature. Overall, our findings impact our understanding of the evolution of young massive clusters and provide new observational constraints for testing stellar evolutionary models., Comment: Published in MNRAS; 16 pages, 11 figures; data available via https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/518/1505#/article
Published: 2022
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26. Low-density star cluster formation: discovery of a young faint fuzzy on the outskirts of the low-mass spiral galaxy NGC 247

Author: Romanowsky, Aaron J., Larsen, Søren S., Villaume, Alexa, Carlin, Jeffrey L., Janz, Joachim, Sand, David J., Strader, Jay, Brodie, Jean P., Chakrabarti, Sukanya, Cheng, Chloe M., Crnojević, Denija, Forbes, Duncan A., Garling, Christopher T., Hargis, Jonathan R., Karunakaran, Ananthan, Martín-Navarro, Ignacio, Olsen, Knut A. G., Rider, Nicole, Salimkumar, Bitha, Santhanakrishnan, Vakini, Spekkens, Kristine, Tang, Yimeng, van Dokkum, Pieter G., and Willman, Beth
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: The classical globular clusters found in all galaxy types have half-light radii of $r_{\rm h} \sim$ 2-4 pc, which have been tied to formation in the dense cores of giant molecular clouds. Some old star clusters have larger sizes, and it is unclear if these represent a fundamentally different mode of low-density star cluster formation. We report the discovery of a rare, young "faint fuzzy" star cluster, NGC 247-SC1, on the outskirts of the low-mass spiral galaxy NGC 247 in the nearby Sculptor group, and measure its radial velocity using Keck spectroscopy. We use Hubble Space Telescope imaging to measure the cluster half-light radius of $r_{\rm h} \simeq 12$ pc and a luminosity of $L_V \simeq 4\times10^5 \mathrm{L}_\odot$. We produce a colour-magnitude diagram of cluster stars and compare to theoretical isochrones, finding an age of $\simeq$ 300 Myr, a metallicity of [$Z$/H] $\sim -0.6$ and an inferred mass of $M_\star \simeq 9\times10^4 \mathrm{M}_\odot$. The narrow width of blue-loop star magnitudes implies an age spread of $\lesssim$ 50 Myr, while no old red-giant branch stars are found, so SC1 is consistent with hosting a single stellar population, modulo several unexplained bright "red straggler" stars. SC1 appears to be surrounded by tidal debris, at the end of a $\sim$ 2 kpc long stellar filament that also hosts two low-mass, low-density clusters of a similar age. We explore a link between the formation of these unusual clusters and an external perturbation of their host galaxy, illuminating a possible channel by which some clusters are born with large sizes., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., in press
Published: 2022
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27. Paging with Succinct Predictions

Author: Antoniadis, Antonios, Boyar, Joan, Eliáš, Marek, Favrholdt, Lene M., Hoeksma, Ruben, Larsen, Kim S., Polak, Adam, and Simon, Bertrand
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, Computer Science - Operating Systems
Abstract: Paging is a prototypical problem in the area of online algorithms. It has also played a central role in the development of learning-augmented algorithms -- a recent line of research that aims to ameliorate the shortcomings of classical worst-case analysis by giving algorithms access to predictions. Such predictions can typically be generated using a machine learning approach, but they are inherently imperfect. Previous work on learning-augmented paging has investigated predictions on (i) when the current page will be requested again (reoccurrence predictions), (ii) the current state of the cache in an optimal algorithm (state predictions), (iii) all requests until the current page gets requested again, and (iv) the relative order in which pages are requested. We study learning-augmented paging from the new perspective of requiring the least possible amount of predicted information. More specifically, the predictions obtained alongside each page request are limited to one bit only. We consider two natural such setups: (i) discard predictions, in which the predicted bit denotes whether or not it is ``safe'' to evict this page, and (ii) phase predictions, where the bit denotes whether the current page will be requested in the next phase (for an appropriate partitioning of the input into phases). We develop algorithms for each of the two setups that satisfy all three desirable properties of learning-augmented algorithms -- that is, they are consistent, robust and smooth -- despite being limited to a one-bit prediction per request. We also present lower bounds establishing that our algorithms are essentially best possible.
Published: 2022

28. Chemical composition of the young massive cluster NGC 1569-B

Author: Gvozdenko, Anastasia, Larsen, Søren S., Beasley, Michael A., and Brodie, Jean
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present a detailed chemical abundance analysis of the young massive cluster (YMC) NGC 1569-B. The host galaxy, NGC~1569, is a dwarf irregular starburst galaxy at a distance of 3.36$\pm$0.20 Mpc. We determined the abundance ratios from the analysis of an optical integrated-light spectrum of NGC 1569-B, obtained with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the Keck I telescope. We considered different red-to-blue supergiant ratios, namely: the ratio obtained from a theoretical isochrone, the ratio obtained from a resolved colour-magnitude diagram of the YMC, and the ratio that minimises the $\chi^2$ when comparing our model spectra with the observations. We adopted the latter ratio for our resulting chemical abundances. The derived iron abundance is sub-solar with [Fe/H] = $-0.74\pm0.05$. In relation to the scaled solar composition, we find enhanced $\alpha$-element abundances, $\text{[/Fe]}=+0.25\pm$0.11, with a particularly high Ti abundance of +0.49$\pm$0.05. Other super-solar elements include $\text{[Cr/Fe]}=+0.50\pm$0.11, $\text{[Sc/Fe]}=+0.78\pm$0.20, and $\text{[Ba/Fe]}=+1.28\pm$0.14, while other Fe-peak elements are close to scaled solar abundances: ($\text{[Mn/Fe]}=-0.22\pm$0.12 and $\text{[Ni/Fe]}=+0.13\pm$0.11). The composition of NGC 1569-B resembles the stellar populations of the YMC NGC 1705-1, located in a blue compact dwarf galaxy. The two YMCs agree with regard to $\alpha$-elements and the majority of the Fe-peak elements, except for Sc and Ba, which are extremely super-solar in NGC~1569-B -- and higher than in any YMC studied so far. The blue part of the optical spectrum of a young population is still a very challenging wavelength region to analyse using IL spectroscopic studies. This is due to the uncertain contribution to the light from blue supergiant stars, which can be difficult to disentangle from turn-off stars, even when resolved photometry is available., Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2022
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29. KMS states of quasi-free dynamics on $C^*$-algebras of product systems over right LCM monoids

Author: Gazdag, Luca Eva, Laca, Marcelo, and Larsen, Nadia S.
Subjects: Mathematics - Operator Algebras
Abstract: We generalise recent results of Afsar, Larsen and Neshveyev for product systems over quasi-lattice orders by showing that the equilibrium states of quasi-free dynamics on the Nica-Toeplitz $C^*$-algebras of product systems over right LCM monoids must satisfy a positivity condition encoded in a system of inequalities satisfied by their restrictions to the coefficient algebra. We prove that the reduction of this positivity condition to a finite subset of inequalities is valid for a wider class of monoids that properly includes finite-type Artin monoids, answering a question left open in their work. Our main technical tool is a combinatorially generated tree modelled on a recent construction developed by Boyu Li for dilations of contractive representations. We also obtain a reduction of the positivity condition to inequalities arising from a certain minimal subset that may not be finite but has the advantage of holding for all Noetherian right LCM monoids, and we present an example, arising from a finite-type Artin monoid, that exhibits a gap in its inverse temperature space., Comment: Version with a correction to Corollary 6.3 and some minor changes
Published: 2022

30. Implementing Choreography Extraction

Author: Cruz-Filipe, Luis, Larsen, Kim S., Montesi, Fabrizio, and Safina, Larisa
Subjects: Computer Science - Programming Languages
Abstract: Choreographies are global descriptions of interactions among concurrent components, most notably used in the settings of verification and synthesis of correct-by-construction software. They require a top-down approach: programmers first write choreographies, and then use them to verify or synthesize their programs. However, most software does not come with choreographies yet, which prevents their application. To attack this problem, previous work investigated choreography extraction, which automatically constructs a choreography that describes the behaviour of a given set of programs or protocol specifications. We propose a new extraction methodology that improves on the state of the art: we can deal with programs that are equipped with state and internal computation and time complexity is dramatically better. We also implement this theory and show that, in spite of its theoretical exponential complexity, it is usable in practice. We discuss the data structures needed for an efficient implementation, introduce some optimisations, and perform a systematic practical evaluation., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.11741
Published: 2022

31. Exploring the impacts of unprecedented climate extremes on forest ecosystems: hypotheses to guide modeling and experimental studies

Author: Holm, Jennifer A, Medvigy, David M, Smith, Benjamin, Dukes, Jeffrey S, Beier, Claus, Mishurov, Mikhail, Xu, Xiangtao, Lichstein, Jeremy W, Allen, Craig D, Larsen, Klaus S, Luo, Yiqi, Ficken, Cari, Pockman, William T, Anderegg, William RL, and Rammig, Anja
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Ecology, Climate Action, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Physical geography and environmental geoscience, Environmental management
Abstract: Climatic extreme events are expected to occur more frequently in the future, increasing the likelihood of unprecedented climate extremes (UCEs) or record-breaking events. UCEs, such as extreme heatwaves and droughts, substantially affect ecosystem stability and carbon cycling by increasing plant mortality and delaying ecosystem recovery. Quantitative knowledge of such effects is limited due to the paucity of experiments focusing on extreme climatic events beyond the range of historical experience. Here, we present a road map of how dynamic vegetation demographic models (VDMs) can be used to investigate hypotheses surrounding ecosystem responses to one type of UCE: unprecedented droughts. As a result of nonlinear ecosystem responses to UCEs that are qualitatively different from responses to milder extremes, we consider both biomass loss and recovery rates over time by reporting a time-integrated carbon loss as a result of UCE, relative to the absence of drought. Additionally, we explore how unprecedented droughts in combination with increasing atmospheric CO2 and/or temperature may affect ecosystem stability and carbon cycling. We explored these questions using simulations of pre-drought and post-drought conditions at well-studied forest sites using well-tested models (ED2 and LPJ-GUESS). The severity and patterns of biomass losses differed substantially between models. For example, biomass loss could be sensitive to either drought duration or drought intensity depending on the model approach. This is due to the models having different, but also plausible, representations of processes and interactions, highlighting the complicated variability of UCE impacts that still need to be narrowed down in models. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (eCO2) alone did not completely buffer the ecosystems from carbon losses during UCEs in the majority of our simulations. Our findings highlight the consequences of differences in process formulations and uncertainties in models, most notably related to availability in plant carbohydrate storage and the diversity of plant hydraulic schemes, in projecting potential ecosystem responses to UCEs. We provide a summary of the current state and role of many model processes that give way to different underlying hypotheses of plant responses to UCEs, reflecting knowledge gaps which in future studies could be tested with targeted field experiments and an iterative modeling-experimental conceptual framework.
Published: 2023

32. Online Unit Profit Knapsack with Untrusted Predictions

Author: Boyar, Joan, Favrholdt, Lene M., and Larsen, Kim S.
Subjects: Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, F.2.2
Abstract: A variant of the online knapsack problem is considered in the settings of trusted and untrusted predictions. In Unit Profit Knapsack, the items have unit profit, and it is easy to find an optimal solution offline: Pack as many of the smallest items as possible into the knapsack. For Online Unit Profit Knapsack, the competitive ratio is unbounded. In contrast, previous work on online algorithms with untrusted predictions generally studied problems where an online algorithm with a constant competitive ratio is known. The prediction, possibly obtained from a machine learning source, that our algorithm uses is the average size of those smallest items that fit in the knapsack. For the prediction error in this hard online problem, we use the ratio $r=\frac{a}{\hat{a}}$ where $a$ is the actual value for this average size and $\hat{a}$ is the prediction. The algorithm presented achieves a competitive ratio of $\frac{1}{2r}$ for $r\geq 1$ and $\frac{r}{2}$ for $r\leq 1$. Using an adversary technique, we show that this is optimal in some sense, giving a trade-off in the competitive ratio attainable for different values of $r$. Note that the result for accurate advice, $r=1$, is only $\frac{1}{2}$, but we show that no algorithm knowing the value $a$ can achieve a competitive ratio better than $\frac{e-1}{e}\approx 0.6321$ and present an algorithm with a matching upper bound. We also show that this latter algorithm attains a competitive ratio of $r\frac{e-1}{e}$ for $r \leq 1$ and $\frac{e-r}{e}$ for $1 \leq r < e$, and no algorithm can be better for both $r<1$ and $1\leq r
Published: 2022

33. Evaluating Drug Prescription Patterns in Undiagnosed Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients

Author: Ilkjær, Frederik V., Johansen, Isik S., Martin-Iguacel, Raquel, Westh, Lena, Katzenstein, Terese L., Hansen, Ann-Brit E., Nielsen, Thyge L., Larsen, Carsten S., and Rasmussen, Line D.
Published: 2023
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34. Missed Opportunities to Diagnose Common Variable Immunodeficiency: a Population-Based Case–Control Study Identifying Indicator Diseases for Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Author: Dahl, Christina, Petersen, Inge, Ilkjær, Frederik V., Westh, Lena, Katzenstein, Terese L., Hansen, Ann-Brit E., Nielsen, Thyge L., Larsen, Carsten S., Johansen, Isik S., and Rasmussen, Line D.
Published: 2023
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35. Rubin-Euclid Derived Data Products: Initial Recommendations

Author: Guy, Leanne P., Cuillandre, Jean-Charles, Bachelet, Etienne, Banerji, Manda, Bauer, Franz E., Collett, Thomas, Conselice, Christopher J., Eggl, Siegfried, Ferguson, Annette, Fontana, Adriano, Heymans, Catherine, Hook, Isobel M., Aubourg, Éric, Aussel, Hervé, Bosch, James, Carry, Benoit, Hoekstra, Henk, Kuijken, Konrad, Lanusse, Francois, Melchior, Peter, Mohr, Joseph, Moresco, Michele, Nakajima, Reiko, Paltani, Stéphane, Troxel, Michael, Allevato, Viola, Amara, Adam, Andreon, Stefano, Anguita, Timo, Bardelli, Sandro, Bechtol, Keith, Birrer, Simon, Bisigello, Laura, Bolzonella, Micol, Botticella, Maria Teresa, Bouy, Hervé, Brinchmann, Jarle, Brough, Sarah, Camera, Stefano, Cantiello, Michele, Cappellaro, Enrico, Carlin, Jeffrey L., Castander, Francisco J, Castellano, Marco, Chari, Ranga Ram, Chisari, Nora Elisa, Collins, Christopher, Courbin, Frédéric, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cucciati, Olga, Daylan, Tansu, Diego, Jose M., Duc, Pierre-Alain, Fotopoulou, Sotiria, Fouchez, Dominique, Gavazzi, Raphaël, Gruen, Daniel, Hatfield, Peter, Hildebrandt, Hendrik, Landt, Hermine, Hunt, Leslie K., Ibata, Rodrigo, Ilbert, Olivier, Jasche, Jens, Joachimi, Benjamin, Joseph, Rémy, Kotak, Rubina, Laigle, Clotilde, Lançon, Ariane, Larsen, Søren S., Lavaux, Guilhem, Leclercq, Florent, Leonard, C. Danielle, von der Linden, Anja, Liu, Xin, Longo, Giuseppe, Magliocchetti, Manuela, Maraston, Claudia, Marshall, Phil, Martín, Eduardo L., Mattila, Seppo, Maturi, Matteo, McCracken, Henry Joy, Metcalf, R. Benton, Montes, Mireia, Mortlock, Daniel, Moscardini, Lauro, Narayan, Gautham, Paolillo, Maurizio, Papaderos, Polychronis, Pello, Roser, Pozzetti, Lucia, Radovich, Mario, Rejkuba, Marina, Román, Javier, Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén, Sarpa, Elena, Sartoris, Barbara, Schrabback, Tim, Sluse, Dominique, Smartt, Stephen J., Smith, Graham P., Snodgrass, Colin, Talia, Margherita, Tao, Charling, Toft, Sune, Tortora, Crescenzo, Tutusaus, Isaac, Usher, Christopher, van Velzen, Sjoert, Verma, Aprajita, Vernardos, Georgios, Voggel, Karina, Wandelt, Benjamin, Watkins, Aaron E., Weller, Jochen, Wright, Angus H, Yoachim, Peter, Yoon, Ilsang, and Zucca, Elena
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: This report is the result of a joint discussion between the Rubin and Euclid scientific communities. The work presented in this report was focused on designing and recommending an initial set of Derived Data products (DDPs) that could realize the science goals enabled by joint processing. All interested Rubin and Euclid data rights holders were invited to contribute via an online discussion forum and a series of virtual meetings. Strong interest in enhancing science with joint DDPs emerged from across a wide range of astrophysical domains: Solar System, the Galaxy, the Local Volume, from the nearby to the primaeval Universe, and cosmology., Comment: Report of the Rubin-Euclid Derived Data Products Working Group, 78 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2022
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36. Hepatitis C virus RNA is 5′-capped with flavin adenine dinucleotide

Author: Sherwood, Anna V., Rivera-Rangel, Lizandro R., Ryberg, Line A., Larsen, Helena S., Anker, Klara M., Costa, Rui, Vågbø, Cathrine B., Jakljevič, Eva, Pham, Long V., Fernandez-Antunez, Carlota, Indrisiunaite, Gabriele, Podolska-Charlery, Agnieszka, Grothen, Julius E. R., Langvad, Nicklas W., Fossat, Nicolas, Offersgaard, Anna, Al-Chaer, Amal, Nielsen, Louise, Kuśnierczyk, Anna, Sølund, Christina, Weis, Nina, Gottwein, Judith M., Holmbeck, Kenn, Bottaro, Sandro, Ramirez, Santseharay, Bukh, Jens, Scheel, Troels K. H., and Vinther, Jeppe
Published: 2023
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37. Preoperative pelvic MRI and 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT for lymph node staging and prognostication in endometrial cancer—time to revisit current imaging guidelines?

Author: Fasmer, Kristine E., Gulati, Ankush, Dybvik, Julie A., Wagner-Larsen, Kari S., Lura, Njål, Salvesen, Øyvind, Forsse, David, Trovik, Jone, Pijnenborg, Johanna M. A., Krakstad, Camilla, and Haldorsen, Ingfrid S.
Published: 2023
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38. Interobserver agreement and prognostic impact for MRI–based 2018 FIGO staging parameters in uterine cervical cancer

Author: Wagner-Larsen, Kari S., Lura, Njål, Salvesen, Øyvind, Halle, Mari Kyllesø, Forsse, David, Trovik, Jone, Smit, Noeska, Krakstad, Camilla, and Haldorsen, Ingfrid S.
Published: 2022
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39. Relaxing the Irrevocability Requirement for Online Graph Algorithms

Author: Boyar, Joan, Favrholdt, Lene M., Kotrbčík, Michal, and Larsen, Kim S.
Published: 2022
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40. Safety and efficacy of durvalumab with R-CHOP or R2-CHOP in untreated, high-risk DLBCL: a phase 2, open-label trial

Author: Nowakowski, Grzegorz S., Willenbacher, Wolfgang, Greil, Richard, Larsen, Thomas S., Patel, Krish, Jäger, Ulrich, Manges, Robert F., Trümper, Lorenz, Everaus, Hele, Kalakonda, Nagesh, Brown, Peter, Jørgensen, Judit Meszaros, Cunningham, David, Dell’Aringa, Justine, Fox, Brian, Rubio, Neus Domper, Kilavuz, Nurgul, Casadebaig, Marie-Laure, Manzke, Oliver, and Munoz, Javier
Published: 2022
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41. What MRI-based tumor size measurement is best for predicting long-term survival in uterine cervical cancer?

Author: Lura, Njål, Wagner-Larsen, Kari S., Forsse, David, Trovik, Jone, Halle, Mari K., Bertelsen, Bjørn I., Salvesen, Øyvind, Woie, Kathrine, Krakstad, Camilla, and Haldorsen, Ingfrid S.
Published: 2022
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42. Models of flow through sponges must consider the sponge tissue

Author: Leys, Sally P., Matveev, Eugueni, Suarez, Pablo Aragonés, Kahn, Amanda S., Asadzadeh, Seyed Saeed, Kiørboe, Thomas, Larsen, Poul S., Walther, Jens H., and Yahel, Gitai
Published: 2022
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43. Charge Relaying within a Phospho-Motif Rescue Binding Competency of a Disordered Transcription Factor.

Author: McIvor, Jordan A. P., Larsen, Danaé S., and Mercadante, Davide
Published: 2024
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44. How Complex Systems Sometimes Follow Murphy's Law: Train Delay Prediction at a Station Using Delays at Previous Stops as the Features.

Author: Mandhaniya, Pranjal, Olsson, Nils O.E., Larsen, Anders S., and Skjøren, Caroline
Subjects: TRAIN delays & cancellations, MACHINE learning, RECURRENT neural networks, TIME delay estimation, FORECASTING
Abstract: Prediction or estimation of the delay of a train is essential to analyze customer behavior. In case of longer delays, there is a high probability that the customer will abort their travel or change the mode/time of travel. The delay propagation from previous stations to the next station creates a chain of these types of customer reactions. Thus, using delays at the previous station to predict the next station's delay is a good approach to align with customer behavior. The present research attempts to predict the delays at a station using the delays at previous stations. The previous delays at stations are generated by creating lags in the original delays and creating them as one of the prediction features. The present research uses the delay data acquired from Bane NOR from 1 January 2021 to 28 February 2023. This data contains the scheduled and actual departure and arrival times of different trains between Oslo and Trondheim (up and down the line) in the specified period. The machine learning models based on neural networks were used on the data in the present research. Different prediction algorithms, i.e., recurrent neural network (RNN), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and long short-term memory (LSTM), were used. The prediction results are compared to look at the insights of the train delays in the given period. In conclusion, this study highlights how extreme feature engineering can negatively affect the output of a model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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45. A focus on leucine in the nutritional regulation of human skeletal muscle metabolism in ageing, exercise and unloading states.

Author: Ely, Isabel A., Phillips, Bethan E., Smith, Kenneth, Wilkinson, Daniel J., Piasecki, Mathew, Breen, Leigh, Larsen, Mads S., and Atherton, Philip J.
Abstract: Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB) are influenced through dietary protein intake and physical (in)activity, which it follows, regulate skeletal muscle (SKM) mass across the lifespan. Following consumption of dietary protein, the bio-availability of essential amino acids (EAA), and primarily leucine (LEU), drive a transient increase in MPS with an ensuing refractory period before the next MPS stimulation is possible (due to the "muscle full" state). At the same time, MPB is periodically constrained via reflex insulin actions. Layering exercise on top of protein intake increases the sensitivity of SKM to EAA, therefore extending the muscle full set-point (∼48 h), to permit long-term remodelling (e.g., hypertrophy). In contrast, ageing and physical inactivity are associated with a premature muscle full set-point in response to dietary protein/EAA and contractile activity. Of all the EAA, LEU is the most potent stimulator of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-signalling pathway, with the phosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates increasing ∼3-fold more than with all other EAA. Furthermore, maximal MPS stimulation is also achieved following low doses of LEU-enriched protein/EAA, negating the need for larger protein doses. As a result, LEU supplementation has been of long term interest to maximise muscle anabolism and subsequent net protein accretion, especially when in tandem with resistance exercise. This review highlights current knowledge vis-à-vis the anabolic effects of LEU supplementation in isolation, and in enriched protein/EAA sources (i.e., EAA and/or protein sources with added LEU), in the context of ageing, exercise and unloading states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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46. Occupational Therapy for Poststroke Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Inpatient Rehabilitation

Author: Pisegna, Janell, Knebel, Rachel, Juckett, Lisa, Darragh, Amy, Nichols-Larsen, Deborah S., and Krok-Schoen, Jessica L.
Abstract: Poststroke anxiety and depressive symptoms (P-SADS) affect one in three people and are associated with decreased participation in activities of daily living. This study sought to characterize occupational therapy (OT) P-SADS care practices and identify factors influencing P-SADS care provision in one U.S. inpatient rehabilitation (IRF) facility. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study design was used by gathering data from electronic health records (from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019) as well as semi-structured interviews with OT practitioners in the IRF. No objective P-SADS screens were documented nor were any P-SADS-focused goals written. Minimal evidence-based P-SADS interventions were identified. Practitioners reported multi-level barriers to OT P-SADS care including limited time, pressure to prioritize physical recovery, and inadequate resources to guide practice. OT practitioner P-SADS care was inconsistent with established evidence-based practice. This research identifies gaps in comprehensive stroke recovery and informs implementation efforts to support evidence-based P-SADS care in IRFs.
Published: 2024
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47. Dose-Response of Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis To Ingested Whey Protein During Energy Restriction in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Author: Larsen, Mads S., Witard, Oliver C., Holm, Lars, Scaife, Paula, Hansen, Rikke, Smith, Kenneth, Tipton, Kevin D., Mose, Maike, Bengtsen, Mads B., Lauritsen, Katrine M., Mikkelsen, Ulla R., and Hansen, Mette
Abstract: Diet-induced weight loss is associated with a decline in lean body mass, as mediated by an impaired response of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). The dose-response of MPS to ingested protein, with or without resistance exercise, is well characterized during energy balance but limited data exist under conditions of energy restriction in clinical populations.
Published: 2023
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48. Preoperative plasma vitamin D in patients with localized colorectal cancer: Age-dependent association with inflammation, postoperative complications, and survival.

Author: Dolin, Troels G., Christensen, Ib J., Lund, Cecilia M., Bojesen, Stig E., Lykke, Jakob, Nielsen, Dorte L., Larsen, Jim S., and Johansen, Julia S.
Subjects: VITAMIN D, COLORECTAL cancer, SURGICAL complications, OLDER patients, VITAMIN D deficiency
Abstract: Aging is often associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and a senescent immune system. Vitamin D is a regulator of immune function, and low plasma vitamin D is associated with poor health. The association between plasma vitamin D and inflammatory biomarkers and risk of postoperative complications and survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown. Our aim was to investigate these associations and how they are influenced by age. Circulating vitamin D and the inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and YKL-40 were measured in 398 patients with stage I–III CRC preoperatively. Older patients (≥70 years, n = 208) were compared to younger patients (<70 years, n = 190). The relation between vitamin D and complications and high inflammatory biomarker levels was presented by odds ratios ([OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]). Associations with survival were presented with hazard ratios ([HR], 95% CI). Plasma vitamin D was higher in older patients than in younger patients (75 vs. 67 nmol/L, P = 0.001). High vitamin D was associated with low plasma CRP in younger patients (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.17–0.76), but not in older patients (OR = 0.93, 0.49–1.76). High vitamin D in older patients with CRC was associated with reduced risk of major complications (OR = 0.52, 0.28–0.95). This was not found in younger patients (OR = 1.47, 0.70–3.11). Deficient vitamin D (<25 nmol/L) was associated with short overall survival compared to sufficient (>50 nmol/L) irrespective of age (HR = 3.39, 1.27–9.37, P = 0.02). For patients with localized CRC, high vitamin D levels before resection were associated with reduced risk of high inflammatory biomarkers for younger patients and reduced risk of major postoperative complications for older patients. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with reduced survival regardless of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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49. Outcomes following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection among individuals with and without HIV in Denmark

Author: Rasmussen, Line D., Cowan, Susan, Gerstoft, Jan, Kronborg, Gitte, Johansen, Isik S., Larsen, Carsten S., Weise, Lothar, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, Leth, Steffen, Nielsen, Lars N., Lunding, Suzanne, Omland, Lars H., and Obel, Niels
Published: 2023
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50. Simulating Polyproline II-Helix-Rich Peptides with the Latest Kirkwood–Buff Force Field: A Direct Comparison with AMBER and CHARMM.

Author: McIvor, Jordan A. P., Larsen, Danaé S., and Mercadante, Davide
Published: 2022
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