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The author discusses American philosopher, psychologist, and educator John Dewey and the Laboratory School he founded at the end of the nineteenth century at the University of Chicago, where he conducted important studies of child development. The author notes the influence of Dewey's theory of (and pedagogical guidelines for) children's play, which he initially formulated between 1896 and 1900 and which subsequently influenced such play theorists as Lev S. Vygotsky and Loris Malaguzzi. However, the author asserts, the literature on play has largely neglected Dewey and contains no account of his important and influential early works about play, a gap he intends this article to fill.

Early childhood education contexts are complex and diverse and thus require leadership approaches that connect with the values and beliefs of that field. Currently the research on leadership in early childhood education is limited and it would benefit from research into innovative approaches employed in very different but comparable locations. This article presents findings from a cross-case analysis exploring the role of leadership in two early childhood education settings: a university laboratory school in the United States of America and a public school in Australia. Drawing on cultural models theory, we argue that co-constructing leadership in context is a useful alternative to traditional hierarchical approaches to leadership. Each site's co-construction of leadership provided an opportunity for leadership to be developed organically and to be shared amongst the community of learners. The findings demonstrate how co-constructed leadership promotes a democratic environment for all members of a learning community.

This qualitative study is part of a feasibility study conducted by State University of Malang (SUM), Indonesia, to determine stakeholder needs for a study program specializing in managing bilingual education. The study participants included one SUM lecturer who held a managerial position in the division of SUM laboratory schools and twelve teachers/leaders of bilingual schools in some cities in East Java and South Sulawesi. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and in-depth interviews with two selected participants. The results indicate issues related to teachers' English competencies, materials development, and integrating an internationally-oriented curriculum into the national curriculum. Teachers' low English competencies prevented them from conducting teaching and learning bilingually and developing instructional materials in appropriate English. In addition, the combination of national and international curricula was identified as the biggest challenge for bilingual schools. The teachers/leaders were never trained to manage the bilingual program. They learned based on their experiences, and it took years to figure out how to manage bilingual programs successfully. Therefore, the establishment of a new program of study is needed.

Character education is considered important as it will cause moral degradation when it is not appropriately taught to the students in school. This study aims to investigate the character education program in Indonesia, particularly at the secondary school level. This study utilized a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. To obtain the data, 20 people participated in this study, including teachers, students, vice school principals, and the school principals from Labschool Jakarta. To get valuable data, an in-depth interview, and focus group discussion (FGD), were used. The data was analyzed using Cresswell method, which consists of transcribing, coding, triangulation, and data display. The study results show that, firstly, the schools have a wide variety of programs that can help to shape students' characters. For example, there was a trip observation for the newly enrolled students in the school. This character education program helps students understand environmental care values from people living in the countryside, so that they can learn local values that can focus on assisting students character foundation. Secondly, Labschool Jakarta also provide some international events that can help students to have a deep understanding of their worldwide, particularly about how the country manages their cleanliness. Finally, the characteristic that is applied in Labschool is focused on the environmental care value. This research implies other teachers and schools that can learn how to teach character education to students. This research recommends all teachers and educators educate character for their students in primary school.

Young children's symbolic representations are important to emergent literacy; therefore, this study focused on children's spontaneous block building and picture drawing in preschool. The goals of this exploratory study were: (1) investigate the relation between the complexity of block play, picture drawing details, and performance on an emergent literacy assessment, (2) analyze block play complexity and its relation to details in picture drawing, and (3) explore the demographic variables related to block play and picture drawing. Nineteen preschool children from a university laboratory school were participants in this study. Results indicated that block play complexity (structure complexity, unique blocks used and total number of blocks used) were highly correlated to children's emergent literacy scores. Additionally, children's picture drawing showed strong relationships to the literacy assessment score. Further, a significant drawing-writing connection was revealed. There were no gender differences found for picture drawing; however, there was a significant gender difference in the number of blocks used during block play, with girls using more than boys. The study suggests that children who demonstrate more complexity in their block building also display more details within their picture drawing.

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of gamifying instruction in the English language proficiency of Grade 8 Filipino ESL students in one University in Bicol, Philippines, that offers Junior High School. The quasi-experimental single pretest-posttest design was used in the study. The researcher-made test which underwent series of validation was given before and after the intervention period to determine the level of English proficiency and level of effectiveness of the games. Statistical treatment was done employing frequency count, T-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that there was significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the respondents using gamification. Thus, it can be inferred that the games helped in improving the level of English proficiency of the Grade 8 students. The statistical test results disclosed further that the effectiveness of the three games introduced to the students were significantly high. With these findings, it was recommended that language teachers should use gamification as supplementary instructional material in improving the English proficiency of the students.

This research attempted to study how using an advance organizer model can influence meaningful learning of new concepts for ESL learners in collaborative classrooms. The objectives were 1) to study the effects of using the advance organizer model, and 2) to study the student achievement after using the advance organizer model to compare to the 80 percent criterion. The study sample is purposively limited to 20 students in a class of the Introduction to Skills for Leadership and Management at Mahidol University International Demonstration School, Thailand. Post-test and observation forms were used as research tools. The data were analyzed by content analysis, mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that 1) The effects occurred in both instructional and nurturant effects. The students engaged effectively in learning and acquiring information. Students discussed and exchanged information using existing knowledge and experiences to connect and explain the ideas to others. The instructional design also meets the steps of the advance organizer model. The teacher designed the tasks of learning follows the three phases of the advance organizer format. 2) The student achievement after using the model to meet the criteria of 80. This study reflects that the model can influence meaningful learning of new concepts and improve academic achievements for ESL learners in collaborative classrooms. However, few researchers have addressed the problem of collaborative learning in large courses. Hence, further study should focus on implementing the model with higher numbers of students to confirm its effectiveness.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we founded an Online Laboratory School (OLS) under the roof of a university in Turkey to support students from public schools that were not technologically prepared for an online education and to provide an opportunity for our pre-service teachers (PSTs) to continue their internship by teaching online. The purpose of this research, consisting of two studies, was to examine experiences of 43 PSTs (first-, third- and fourth-years) during the OLS period of 8 weeks and how the OLS affected their mathematics teaching anxiety during Fall 2020. In the first study, we administered a survey to inquire into PSTs' views on their experiences at the OLS, and in the second study we examined their mathematics teaching anxiety before and after the OLS experience using another survey. One main result was that the OLS experience served as an effective introduction to the profession for first-year PSTs and fourth- and third-year PSTs reported learning in-depth about online teaching in terms of the planning, teaching, and reflecting cycle. Another main result was that PSTs had mathematics teaching anxiety from "a little" to "a moderate amount" before the OLS and their teaching anxiety did not significantly change during the OLS period of 8 weeks. PSTs experienced highest mathematics teaching anxiety when they were observed and evaluated by supervisors during their teaching. The implications of these findings are discussed for teacher education programs.

Successful educator preparation programs rely on partnerships with K-12 schools. The literature emphasizes the importance of strong partnerships, but illustrates limitations in creating and maintaining partnerships that meet the needs of all parties--the partnering school and its students, the college/university and teacher candidates. The purpose of this article is to share valuable lessons learned from two professors' return to the field.

The resiliency of literacy clinics was tested during 2020-2021, as many pivoted from in-person (F2F) to online or 3-way remote learning because of the COVID-19 pandemic. University-based literacy clinics advance teacher education, provide services to K-12 students who may need instructional support, and are a laboratory for research. The purpose of the study was to examine modifications in literacy instruction and assessment as a consequence of the changes in modality. Participants (n = 58) were literacy clinic directors/instructors from multiple states and countries. Data were analyzed in three phases: researchers individually coded; multiple teams cross-checked; a macro team collated across themes. Alterations during the pandemic involved place, time, types of texts, innovative instructional tools, and new ways of operationalizing literacy assessment and instruction. Some clinics used technology to transform instruction and innovate, while for others the goal was to replicate existing practices. Teachers, students in the context of their families, and teacher educators demonstrated resiliency, resourcefulness, and creativity in the face of interruptions and stress. Findings, viewed through the lens of the TPACK framework, can help us understand how transformations in instruction and assessment affect literacy learning not only in the context of clinics, but in school classrooms as well.

High quality field or practicum experiences are important for preparing preservice teachers for the profession. Studies suggest preservice teachers rate their practicum experiences more favourably when their cooperating teachers mentor them using apprenticeship-type practices. There is scant research on how such an approach is used in early childhood practicum settings. Using a case study design, the researcher investigated how the teaching methods of the cognitive apprenticeship (CA) could be used to support a year-long early childhood practicum. Twenty junior year practicum students and two cooperating teachers participated in the study. Data were collected from interviews, focus groups, and observations. Findings indicate the methods of the CA approach supported teaching and learning at the practicum site because of intentional support for shared practice among participants, gradual release of support from cooperating teachers, and because the practicum was nested in a community where relationships and collaboration were prioritized.

Purpose: This study examined differences in measures of health-related physical fitness in adolescents before and after extended school closures due to COVID-19. Method: The sample consisted of 298 students (135 males and 163 females) from a laboratory high school. Data were collected through FITNESSGRAM assessments. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of covariance was calculated to analyze differences in fitness before and after COVID-19 closures, including McNemar-Bowker and McNemar tests. Results: Statistically significant differences were identified for Progressive Aerobic Capacity Endurance Run (-4.2%; 1.8 ml·kg[superscript -1]·min[superscript -1]) and curl-up (-12.5%; 7.9 repetitions). In addition, 18.8% fewer students were classified within the Healthy Fitness Zone for Progressive Aerobic Capacity Endurance Run, 4% for curl-up, 10.8% for push-up, and 6.4% for sit and reach. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrate that there was a significant decline in physical fitness for secondary students during extended school closures and social isolation as a result of COVID-19.

This study investigates how young elementary children engage with conceptions of gender in connection to video gameplay in the language arts classroom. During a three-week unit on video game literacies in a multiage lab school, children learned about, played, discussed, and wrote about video games. Student writing, game reviews, and literature discussion transcripts illuminated critical thinking around gender in connection to video games when explored as texts in school. While teachers commonly value literacy experiences centred around books, this research demonstrates how video games can serve as texts for critical analysis by sharing the valuable critical literacy experiences of two focal students from the study. Recommendations for teachers who want to explore incorporating video games in the English Language Arts classrooms are provided.

Early college and dual enrollment initiatives provide students opportunities for college credit courses and increased academic engagement. The purpose of this mixed methods research study was to examine the case of 79 dual-enrolled students in a research methodology course using online surveys and focus groups. Students perceived increased knowledge regarding undergraduate research content, whereas their perceived research usefulness decreased slightly. Likewise, students felt increased comfort with research and expressed perceived benefits but felt anxiety by setting different types of expectations and comparisons. Findings add to the relevant literature by mixing quantitative and qualitative data in this case study to allow for meta-inferences about the dichotomy of being a dual-enrolled student taking research courses, and by suggesting the notion of research capital related to the dynamics of dual enrollment programs in a Southeastern state.

Although writing is a critical foundational skill and teachers' approaches to writing is connected to development, writing instruction in preschool is often limited, infrequent, and narrow. While research has investigated literacy environments of preschool classrooms, often with a focus on reading, less is known about writing environments. Thus, it is important to better understand writing contexts in preschool classrooms. Research Findings: Through observations in preschool settings, this study sought to better understand the nature of writing in preschool classrooms. A total of 71 classrooms were observed across three US states, in a variety of settings (i.e., private, Head Start, public PreK, and university lab school). Observation data was coded based on grouping and environmental contexts and instructional content. Results demonstrate uneven writing experiences, often narrowly focused in terms of content, with more frequent writing in art, planned small group activities, and in writing centers, with few instances occurring naturalistically in play, despite professional recommendations. Practice or Policy: This study has practical and policy-based implications as it provides insight as to the ways in which this important foundational skill is being addressed in real classrooms. The findings herein may inform interventions around writing instruction in early childhood.

This article provides an overview of a summer professional development (PD) for teachers working within an urban alternative educational school district. Engaging with a lab classroom with intensive coaching support, teacher participants observed and participated in 20 days of literacy instruction that centered culturally responsive-sustaining approaches. Data collected include transcriptions from focus groups and interviews, pre-and post-surveys, artifacts, and field notes. Further, during the subsequent school year, the authors conducted observations to determine the impact of the PD on the teacher participants' dispositions and pedagogical strategies for literacy development. Analysis of findings reveal that professional development using a lab classroom that centers prolonged observation and modeling, constructivism, self-reflection, coaching, and collaboration leads to higher teacher expectations for students and increased use of culturally responsive-sustaining literacy practices.

Early childhood professionals are sometimes referenced as caregivers and other times as educators. In order to empower them as professionals, it is important to provide professional development opportunities that deepen teachers' knowledge. This qualitative case study explores the impact of Lesson Study on four early childhood teachers with no prior Lesson Study experience. Participants' teaching experience ranged from a first-year teacher to a 20-year veteran. The professional development approach engaged teachers in conversations to collaborate, plan, observe instruction, and focus on students. Group meetings were audio recorded and transcribed, and observational notes were collected during teacher meetings and during the research lesson. At the conclusion of the experience, participants wrote a personal reflection paper and individual interviews were conducted. Findings suggest that Lesson Study supported the development of early childhood teachers' professionalism through sharing of varied perspectives during student-focused collaboration. Another powerful finding is that teachers felt joy in this collaboration. They found pleasure in thinking deeply together and warmly described the trust that developed among them as they engaged in the process of improving practice through Lesson Study. Our findings suggest Lesson Study could empower a workforce that is in need of a unified professional identity.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to use an actor-oriented perspective to analyze one teacher's implementation of the Meaningful Physical Education approach in one Grade 5 classroom in Saudi Arabia. Method: A single case study design was used, with the case being defined as Andy and his teaching of a cycling unit to one Grade 5 class. Data consisted of blog posts, tweets, and semistructured interviews. Results: Andy identified several spheres of influence on implementation, including his personal philosophy, students, co-teachers, and several organizational/environmental characteristics of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) School, as well as important attributes of the innovation that supported implementation. Discussion/Conclusion: An actor-oriented perspective offered insight into a teacher's insider perspective of a pedagogical innovation, which enabled understanding of how he made sense of Meaningful Physical Education and used those ideas to guide planning, instructional, and assessment decisions in the cycling unit.

This article presents the result of the study on the development strategy of local culture literacy (angklung) through cross-curricular learning by integrating indoor and outdoor environment. Designed through a case study as a qualitative study, this study involves 1 teacher and 24 4th grade students at Sekolah Dasar Laboratorium Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Data obtained from observations, field notes, interview, and document study were analyzed and interpreted in a continuous fashion to elicit conclusions. The result indicates that angklung local culture can be learned through mathematics, science, Indonesian, art, and social science subjects. In addition to classroom setting, Saung Angklung Ujo is also a great place to enrich angklung experience. The conclusion is that cross-curricular learning by integrating indoor and outdoor environment is a feasible learning strategy that has the potential to develop local culture literacy (angklung) in elementary school students. The result of this study is thus recommended as a learning alternative to introduce local cultures to elementary school students.

Children's peer social worlds as part of language and literacy learning are often "hidden" from researchers and teachers alike. This article reports on collaborative research between a researcher and veteran kindergarten teacher into these hidden worlds. We draw upon ethnographic documentation (videos, interviews, field notes) and video microanalysis with two aims for our inquiry. For one, we are interested in the teacher's perspective on children's peer reading behaviors and what children are learning as part of these practices. Secondly, we reflect on how using video to look closely into hidden classroom life contributes to teacher learning. The result is a detailed analysis from the teacher's perspective of how children acquire both the character and skills for learning to read when reading with a peer. Findings contribute to literatures on the sociolinguistic features of children's peer reading and teacher development in literacy education.

ObjectivesMethodsResultsConclusionsAlthough a principal’s instructional vision is recognized as important for schoolwide improvement efforts, little is known about how principals conceive of mathematics instruction or how professional learning opportunities shape their instructional vision. This article explores principals’ conceptions of mathematics instruction after participating in learning experiences designed to support the development of a vision of high-quality instruction.Through a design-based research approach, we created classroom-based learning experiences for six elementary school principals to develop their vision of high-quality mathematics instruction in the context of a research-practice partnership. Transcripts from the learning experiences and follow-up interviews were analysed qualitatively.Findings illustrate nuances in participating principals’ conceptions of mathematics instruction and how their role shaped their vision. Principals attended to the importance of the teacher in actively shaping learning experiences, but were less consistent in describing other dimensions of high-quality instruction such as mathematics tasks. Findings suggest that principals’ conceptions aligned with features of high-quality instruction to the extent they were discussed or elevated during the professional learning experience.Our analysis highlights the importance of considering principals’ unique perspectives in professional development around high-quality mathematics instruction and has implications for future practice-embedded principal learning opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To provide quality mathematics education for disadvantaged groups of middle school students and continue to offer quality practicum experience to future teachers during the Covid 19 outbreak, we founded the Online Laboratory School. This school was free and open to public school students: 130 middle school students throughout Turkey attended for a 5-week period. There were 25 pre-service teachers actively involved in teaching, under the close supervision of 7 university supervisors. The entire gamut of planning, teaching and reflection sessions for each virtual class were recorded via an e-learning platform. Additionally, survey data was collected from the participating students, parents, pre-service teachers and supervisors. Our findings indicate that we were able to build a unique and virtual learning community. While pre-service teachers and middle school students benefited the most, university supervisors also reported improving their skills on when and how to give feedback. We describe how the school functioned and the range of opportunities it provided to all participants considering situated-learning perspectives and building online-learning communities. We also discuss how this model can be used in the future as a strong asset for teacher education programs and adaptation of fieldwork practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examined how students' levels of verbal thinking correlated with their ability to communicate effectively in ninth grade among Jordanian females. A control group and an experimental group were established in accordance with a semi-experimental design. The students were recruited from Yarmouk University Model School utilizing a preexisting strategy. The research included 40 students, with 20 in the experimental group getting training in verbal thinking abilities and the other 20 in the control group receiving teaching in traditional ways. A validated and reliability-assessed 30-item multiple-choice test was used to accomplish the study's goals. The experimental and control groups were evaluated at the beginning and end of the trial, respectively, using this instrument. The study's results showed statistically significant differences, demonstrating the beneficial influence of training verbal thinking skills on developing competent oral communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic and seismic changes across multiple dimensions of schooling are needed to create equitable schools. We highlight a promising set of intentional and illustrative practices at one university that illustrate how equity can be highlighted across educational systems. While our efforts are ongoing, we explore a commitment to equity and social justice across: (1) A professional development school network. (2) An elementary education program. (3) Focal classrooms committed to equity practices. (4) Teacher education courses embedded in schools. This paper draws on data collected at each systemic level listed above. We use these data to illustrate the importance of intentional and simultaneous efforts to change practices across classrooms, schools, teacher professional development spaces, and teacher education courses. While our efforts are ongoing and inevitably incomplete, we maintain that this systemic confluence contributes to comprehensive and sustainable structures that support more equitable learning experiences for children, teachers, preservice teachers, and university faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficiency Adjusted Deferred Acceptance Rule (EDA) is a promising candidate mechanism for a public school assignment. A potential drawback of EDA is that it could encourage students to game the system since it is not strategy‐proof. However, to successfully strategize, students typically need information that is unlikely to be available to them in practice. We model school choice under incomplete information and show that EDA is regret‐free truth‐telling, which is a weaker incentive property than strategy‐proofness and was introduced by Fernandez (2020). We also show that there is no efficient matching rule that weakly Pareto dominates a stable matching rule and is regret‐free truth‐telling. Note that the original version of EDA by Kesten (2010) weakly Pareto dominates a stable matching rule, but it is not efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research was to assess the Comprehension and Reading ability and to determine the significant correlation between Reading Comprehension level of learners and their ability to solve Mathematical word Problems. This study employed Descriptive Quantitative Correlational Study. The respondents of the study were ninety-two (92) Grade 4 learners of Western Mindanao State University - Integrated Laboratory School enrolled in school year 2022-2023. This study adopted the Philippine Informal Reading Inventory (Phil-IRI) assessment tool and DepEd Numeracy Assessment Tool (D-NumAT) to measure the reading comprehension and Mathematical Ability respectively. The findings indicated that majority of the Grade 4 learners in Reading Comprehension Level are classified under Frustration Level, some of the learners are classified under Instructional Level, and very few are classified under independent level. As for Mathematical Performance Level, majority of the Grade 4 learners are under non-Numerates level, and some are classified under Low level. This study revealed that the overall Reading Comprehension skill of the learners has negligible correlation to the learners Mathematical Performance in Solving Word Problems. Hence, Reading Comprehension can be a significant factor affecting students' mathematical performance specifically in solving word problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supervision is recognized as a critical component of preservice training in health service psychology (HSP), particularly during the internship experience. However, little is known empirically about what constitutes effective internship supervision for school psychologists. For this constructivist grounded theory study, we interviewed 16 highly accomplished internship supervisors regarding their approaches to supervision. Data from supervisors' former interns and colleagues were also analyzed. Findings indicated that supervisors' personal and professional selves are central to how they implement supervision within a broader developmental and ecological context. Fundamental aspects of supervision emerged as bidirectional, including establishing and maintaining a strong working alliance, planning the internship experience, and processes of learning for both interns and supervisors. The grounded theory is discussed with reference to the HSP supervision literature, and specific implications are drawn for the practice of and further research on supervision in school psychology. Impact Statement This study presents a theory of effective school psychology supervision based on interviews with winners of the NASP Model School Psychology Intern Supervisor recognition. Given the lack of available research specific to supervision in school psychology and the fact that the majority of school psychology intern supervisors receive no formal training, this work has considerable potential to enhance the practices of school psychology supervisors, and as a result the training experiences and ultimate competence of school psychology interns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School counseling plays a vital role in training the future generation of the country. Thus, there is a need to create a framework and clarify the roles and functions of school counseling programs. To this end, the present study aimed to develop a professional school counseling model in Iran using the qualitative content analysis method. First, upstream documents (Fundamental Reform Document of Education (FRDE) and national curricula) and specialized school counseling texts were analyzed and the underlying themes were extracted. Afterward, the data from the interviews with school counseling experts (school counselors and experts) were analyzed. The analysis of the data revealed 180 subthemes, 59 main themes, and 21 core themes that were used to develop a school counseling model with four components: foundations, management, services, and accountability. The foundations of the model have two key aspects (belief and prospect). The belief component refers to fundamental beliefs of education and prospect reflects an image of the ideal future. Moreover, management involves three key aspects (planning, administration, and interactions). Planning specifies how the program is designed and executed. Administration addresses the needs and procedures used for implementing programs. Interactions refer to the position of programs and the systematic promotion of education. In addition, services encompass two key aspects (inclusiveness and strategy). Inclusiveness refers to the coverage of school counseling services and the strategy specifies the procedures for delivering school counseling services. Finally, accountability involves two key aspects (evaluation and promotion). Evaluation involves measuring school counseling services, factors promoting school counselors' competencies, and the requirements for acquiring such competencies. The professional school counseling model tries to create a comprehensive and systematic framework for school counseling activities by using scientific and culture-based theories to contribute to developing academic, occupational, personal-social, and religious-ethical competencies of future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teachers are in the privileged position of being able to directly influence their students. Their work experience, perception and practical knowledge holds significant importance in shaping how they interact with special educational needs SEN students. This study aimed to identify the qualities, social competences and ask about the attitudes towards their work of those who teach and care for SEN pupils in different types of schools to determine whether the professional role of a teacher (general, support, special) leads to differences in their statements about their experience with these students. Research was conducted on teachers working with SEN students: 97 from integrative schools, 64 from mainstream school, 64 special school teachers (those with intellectual disability and autism). The data was collected using a questionnaire, the Two‑dimensional Emotional Intelligence Inventory (DINEMO) and the Social Competence Questionnaire. The findings highlight that teachers with more experience tend to work with students with SEN (intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorders) in schools where these students are more prevalent. It was challenging to find teachers with experience in certain areas, notably in groups of students with chronic illness and mental disorders, underscoring the need for additional training and practical support. The research emphasized that teachers with more experience were particularly evident concerning these last two groups of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on the effect of Reciprocal Teaching as a collaborative and constructive learning that covered the 80 selected grade five learners of Western Mindanao State University - Integrated Laboratory School during the academic year 2022-2023. Purposive sampling was used to select two groups from grade five based on the result of the pre-assessment. Quasi-experimental research employing a non-randomized pre-test and post-test control group design. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, dependent and independent T-test were used to explore the effectiveness of Reciprocal and Traditional Teaching Strategies in teaching Grade Five English in Integrated Laboratory School. This study revealed that learners who received reciprocal teaching strategy has higher mean score than the learners in the traditional teaching strategy. Statistically, there is a significant difference in the posttest results of reciprocal teaching strategy and traditional teaching strategy. The study concluded that the Reciprocal Teaching had developed learner's cognition which improves retention of concepts and ability to assess and process one's understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A school profile of talent development including model classes has been implemented at BG/BRG Keimgasse. This paper evaluates the impact of the actions taken by the school and compares the effects of both the model classes and the regular classes, with a school without a special focus on talent development. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence that the change in profile and teaching strategies had on both types of classes. This was conducted through initial qualitative interviews, followed up by quantitative questionnaires. It was found that the model classes had significantly higher scores in terms of school satisfaction, class climate, self-efficacy, mastery goal orientation, and in hope of successes, as well as scoring significantly lower on classroom pressure. This was achieved while shortening the education for the model-class students by one year and adding extracurricular activities. When comparing the regular classes at BG/BRG Keimgasse with classes from a regular school, the scores differed only slightly. This suggested that the concepts integrated at BG/BRG Keimgasse were successful in catering to the gifted students, without compromising the quality of the regular education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study examines a multidimensional set of outcome variables to understand whether different pre-reading scaffolds influence students' text comprehension, diagram analysis, text integration, and interest; and investigates these constructs cross-sectionally to identify any progression as students move across grades. One-hundred fifty-six 3rd through 6th grade students enrolled in a public laboratory school were randomly assigned to one of three pre-reading conditions intended to activate or build students' topic knowledge. Students completed a series of before, during, and after reading activities while engaging with grade appropriate texts about the topics of ecosystems and living things. Results indicate that there were no significant differences between the three pre-reading conditions on any of the four constructs of interest. Students across grade levels performed well on multiple-choice comprehension questions, but not as well on diagram analysis questions or an open-ended integration task. Implications and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Government reports and documents claim that building a high skill society is critical for national success in China. In this paper, eight policies in relation to the government's espoused priorities of upskilling are examined. Applying the principles of critical policy analysis, the paper aims to expose the ideological presuppositions made in these policies. The findings in this paper reveal that the Chinese government may have focused on upgrading the credentials, rather than the actual skills that these credentials signal, thus reinforced forms of consciousness that maintain the academic-focus, credential-driven hegemony. The new policies have vigorously invested in the 'model schools', yet further excluding non-model schools and the marginalised learners. This investment, emphasising the 'supply-side' of skills provision, has also led to a more fragmented connection between the training system and industry. The promotion of 'entrepreneurial talent training', with an intention of enhancing young people's employability and building a knowledge-based economy, may act as a technique for 'self-government' under the influence of a neoliberal ideology. The responsibility of skill acquisition may have shifted to individual students, who will encounter increased precarity on their routes into work. Drawing on Gramsci's concept of hegemonic power, the paper highlights China's national skills policies may further facilitate the reproduction of current forms of inequality in training as well as contribute to construct and manage the neoliberal subjects required by the Reform Era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to measure the contribution of the Anthropometric Vital Indicators (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to height ratio) to examine to parameters mentioned of Cardiorespiratory Endurance test in children (9- 12) years in Jordan schools. The researchers used the descriptive method in the study, the measurements on a sample of (325) students distributed between (160 male; 165 female) from the Yarmouk University Model School. The data was processed in the Statistical Packages Program for Social Sciences (SPSS). the results resulted in statistical contributions to measures of weight and body mass index with a endurance test for all ages and both sexes. Height variable, the contribution appeared for age (10) years for both sexes only, and there are contributions to measurements of the waist circumference, and waist circumference -toheight measurements for both sexes and all ages except for age (9) years, and the study recommended the necessity of conducting the Anthropometric measurements used in all Jordanian schools were used as a predictive measure of cardiorespiratory capacity, which was related to disease risk associated with these measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study describes responsive approaches to middle grades education and teacher education at Laboratory Middle School (LMS), a subunit of the college of education in a public university in the southeastern USA. LMS was established with a mission to serve rural students who had experienced struggles in the regular school system and to serve as a clinical site for the preparation of middle grades teachers, counselors, and school nurses. Many students at LMS have faced challenges due to physical or cognitive exceptionalities or because of traumatic experiences. Thus, programs and practices in the school must respond to the developmental stage of the young adolescents whom it serves, as well as the many varied individual needs of the learners. The conceptual frame for the study is "responsiveness" as defined by seminal middle-level literature (e.g., This We Believe), and the theoretical underpinnings are constructed from theories of stage–environment fit and human ecology. The study employs a case study design and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The case report describes the LMS context and details manifestations of responsiveness at LMS organized in three categories: (a) culture and community; (b) curriculum, instruction, and assessment; and (c) leadership and organization. The authors offer four sets of implications for the design and delivery of responsive programming in middle-level schools: (a) a holistic approach to young adolescent education; (b) commitment to continuous improvement; (c) theoretical pragmatism in pedagogical practices, programs, and policies; and (d) engagement of preservice teachers in immersive field experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a methodology and method that can be adopted by informal education leaders who are interested in establishing or developing a community-responsive focus for out-of-school club programming. Based on an adaptation of Dewey's Laboratory School model, a university research team partnered with a community-based science club provider (the STEM Academy) to establish a model club space where ways of enhancing community-responsiveness could be explored. The overall aim was to scale up an iterative practice of research-informed adaptations into a program of over 20 clubs. The partnership was focused on a two-phase process, equipping the STEM Academy to continue an ongoing research practice in the absence of university influence. The first phase of the study involved gathering information regarding science needs, wants and preferences of a new community context. The second phase established a model club space and sought community feedback on the efficacy of the club in meeting community desires. The research approach used to establish the club and gather ongoing data is described in this article which ends by proposing a schema that can be adapted to suit other out-of-school clubs and programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Job satisfaction can be defined as an employee's attitude towards the job. The feeling of pleasure and achievement that one experiences in his/her job when he/she knows that his/her work is worth doing, or the degree to which the work gives him/her this feeling. Job satisfaction is the result of various attitudes possessed by an employee. In a narrow sense, these attitudes are related to the job and are concerned with specific factors such as wages, supervision and steadiness of employment, conditions of work, opportunities for advancement, recognition of ability, fair settlement of grievances, fair evaluation of work, fair treatment by employer and other similar factors. Teachers play a crucial role in achieving the educational objectives. The teachers who are satisfied in their profession would certainly contribute for the well-being of their students. The role performance of the teachers would be high, if they are satisfied in their jobs. Further, the job satisfaction of teachers would improve the academic performance of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This response paper aims to comment on specific aspects of the position paper. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the author presents a response to Fischer et al.'s contribution on "The Challenge for the Digital Age: Making Learning a Part of Life." While imperatives and narratives of learning in the future have been well articulated in the literature, their paper provides insights into lifelong learning in the digital age. Findings: The author raises comments on the comprehensiveness of the lifelong learning perspectives and the calls to action. Over the years, with multiyear efforts on the research-based evolution of the design, implementation and adoption of technology-supported learning environments in some parts of the world, the author believes well-researched innovative pedagogy and design principles have already to some extent impacted transformation of learning and teaching in normal schools. By referring to the work in the running of a model school in Taiwan, the author demonstrate some of the pathways that can guide innovation and work towards operationalizing a futuristic vision that is resonant with the one painted in the paper. The paper will end with some comments on how narratives on the future of learning will evolve. Originality/value: In trying to understand the lens that the vision would bring to learning on the digital edge, the author has provided commentaries to probe into the comprehensiveness of their vision of future learning. From an Asian perspective, the author describes one effort that can help make progress in moving towards this vision. It involves realizing the vision by grounding our designs in real experiments or instantiations, such as the interest-driven creator (IDC) experimental school in Taiwan, and highlight past research efforts which have been successful in transformation of classrooms and schools such as developing seamless learning for connecting learning in different spaces afforded by mobile digital devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]