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To assess the attractiveness of dentofacial midline discrepancies during smiling, and to determine if the ratings were influenced by the gender of the judges.

Brain Tumour (BT) a mass or a lump or a growth which occurs due to abnormal cell division or unusual growth of cells in the brain tissue. Initially, the two major types of BT are Primary BT and Secondary BT, the tumour that originate from brain is known as Primary BT and it may be cancerous or non-cancerous. The tumour the initiates from other part of the body and spreads to the brain is stated as secondary BT. Diagnosing BT generally involves a multiple investigation method, such as MRI, CT, PET, SPECT as well as the neurological examinations and blood investigations, whereas some of the patients may need biopsies to evaluate the tumour size and stage. Here we use MRI and CT images for BT segmentation whereas these modalities play a major role in diagnosing, treating, planning and monitoring the BT patients. Moreover, the multimodal data can provide a quantitative information's about the tumour size, shape, volume and texture. While segmenting the BT the lack of segmentation methods and the interpretability of the segmented regions are limited. To overcome this, we propose a novel LSTM autoencoder bas NAS method which is used for the extracting the BT features and these features can be fused using Contextual Integration Module (CIM) and segmented using the Segmentation Guided Regulizer (SGR) which helps to overcome the stated issues. Finally, the performance metrices are calculated by comparing with the state-of -the -art methods and our method achieves a best segmenting metrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Cerebral palsy is a neuromuscular disorder that hampers proper maintenance of oral hygiene leading to the development of periodontal diseases and progression of dental caries. Aim: The present study aimed to analyze the oral health status and barriers to maintaining oral hygiene among children with cerebral palsy using intervention (brushing technique). Materials and Methods: A total of 100 children diagnosed with cerebral palsy were selected from an academic institution for special needs children. The groups studied were: a) Group A with children aged between 6 and 10 years, b) Group B had children aged from 11 to 15 years, and c) Group C with children aged range from 16 to 18 years of age. Parental education level status was classified into a) Upper class (Code 1): Parents with a college education, b) Middle class (Code 2): Parents with education till secondary school level, and c) Lower class (Code 3): Parents with primary school level or no education. Oral examinations were performed using a mouth mirror, explorer, and torch light illumination to assess DMFT index (permanent dentition), DMFT index (primary dentition), and OHI-S for gingival and periodontal health. Fone's technique for tooth brushing was demonstrated to children's caregivers and/or parents. After this, an oral examination was conducted at the baseline and at three months. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis using SPSS software. Result: Statistically significant improvement in dental caries index and oral hygiene status was seen following demonstration of proper brushing technique. Conclusion: The training of caregivers/parents helps in improving the oral hygiene status in cerebral palsy-affected children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As awareness of the environmental impact of healthcare facilities, including laboratories, grows, there is a pressing need to adopt sustainable practices within laboratory medicine. Sustainability is therefore a key goal in the quickly evolving healthcare landscape. This review explores forward steps in green medical laboratory practices and offers perspectives on sustainability in healthcare, specifically within the context of laboratory medicine. The review assesses the environmental footprint of laboratory operations, considering factors such as energy consumption, resource utilization, chemical usage, and waste generation. Technological advancements and educational initiatives aimed at fostering a culture of sustainability are also discussed as essential components of the transition toward greener medical laboratory practices. This review underscores the importance of integrating sustainability principles into laboratory medicine to mitigate environmental impact while ensuring the delivery of high-quality healthcare services for present and future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia is an uncommon skeletal disorder characterized by the replacement of normal bone with fibrous tissue. This report presents a rare case of monostotic craniofacial fibrous dysplasia in an 8-year-old female patient. The child exhibited symptoms including facial asymmetry and swelling, which prompted further investigation. Diagnostic imaging, including X-rays and CT scans, revealed the extent of the osseous involvement, confirming the diagnosis. Surgical intervention was performed to alleviate symptoms and prevent further complications. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and management of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia, especially in pediatric patients, to ensure optimal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aims to achieve an electrochemical deposition of Sr- and Zn-doped hydroxyapatite coating on stainless steel mini-implants and verify it by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Materials and methods: Synthesis of the powder: Zinc-Sr hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were synthesised in this work using a sonochemical-mediated hydrothermal technique. Electrochemical deposition of the coating: The coating was applied electrochemically onto commercially available stainless steel miniplates measuring 2 mm in thickness and screws measuring 2 x 8 mm. The coated implants were analysed for their functional groups using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) covering a frequency range of 4000-400 cm-1. Results: The chemical nature and functional groups involved in the successful production of Zn-Sr/HAP were predominantly elucidated by FT-IR spectroscopy investigations. In FTIR, the coated stainless-steel plates showed 3 peaks at 1024.85, 601.02, and 561.26. The coated stainless-steel screws showed 2 peaks at 1028.43 and 563.23. Conclusion: Zinc and strontiumdoped hydroxyapatite coating can be done on stainless steel miniplates using electrochemical deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to compare the influence of envelope, triangular, and lingually-based flaps on pain, facial swelling, and trismus after mandibular third molar surgery. Study Design: The randomized prospective comparative study included 60 patients with impacted mandibular third molars. Three flap designs, namely the envelope flap (Koener's incision) (n=20), the triangular flap (Ward's incision) (n=20) and lingually based flap (n = 20), were used. The pain was determined using a visual analogue scale (VAS), trismus was determined by measuring the maximum interincisal opening, and facial swelling was evaluated using the Laskin method. Intraoperative time was measured from the time of giving the incision to the completion of the closure of the flap. Results: The VAS scores and facial swelling measurements were lowest in the envelope flap group and highest in the lingually-based flap (P<0.05). The lingually-based flap group had the highest mean intraoperative time (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the envelope flap and the triangular flap in intraoperative time (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the flap designs in the maximum interincisal opening. Conclusion: In impacted mandibular third molar removal, The envelope flap design causes less pain and swelling than triangular flap and lingually based flap. Lingually-based flap design caused the highest pain, swelling and intraoperative time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]