47 results on '"Kržan, A."'
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2. Foams based on biosurfactant mixtures. Part II. Influence of mixture composition on foam stability
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Krzan, Marcel, Kudłacik-Kramarczyk, Sonia, Drabczyk, Anna, and Kieres, Weronika
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- 2024
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3. Foams based on biosurfactants solutions. Part I. Influence of biosurfactant origin on foaming properties
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Krzan, Marcel, Drabczyk, Anna, Kudłacik-Kramarczyk, Sonia, and Jamroży, Mateusz
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- 2024
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4. Degradation of water soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) with acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation: laying foundations for microplastics
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Petkovšek, Martin, Kržan, Andrej, Šmid, Alenka, Žagar, Ema, and Zupanc, Mojca
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- 2023
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5. Seismic Vulnerability Study of Historical Building with Artistic Assets Considering PBA Approach
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Kržan, M., primary and Bosiljkov, V., additional
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- 2023
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6. Kinetic Properties and Pharmacological Modulation of High- and Low-Affinity Dopamine Transport in Striatal Astrocytes of Adult Rats
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Vesna Sočan, Klemen Dolinar, and Mojca Kržan
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striatal astrocytes ,adult rat ,dopamine ,dopamine uptake ,DAT ,NET ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Astrocytes actively participate in neurotransmitter homeostasis by bidirectional communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite synapse, yet their role in dopamine (DA) homeostasis remains understudied. In the present study, we investigated the kinetic and molecular mechanisms of DA transport in cultured striatal astrocytes of adult rats. Kinetic uptake experiments were performed using radiolabeled [3H]-DA, whereas mRNA expression of the dopamine, norepinephrine, organic cation and plasma membrane monoamine transporters (DAT, NET, OCTs and PMAT) and DA receptors D1 and D2 was determined by qPCR. Additionally, astrocyte cultures were subjected to a 24 h treatment with the DA receptor agonist apomorphine, the DA receptor antagonist haloperidol and the DA precursor L-DOPA. [3H]-DA uptake exhibited temperature, concentration and sodium dependence, with potent inhibition by desipramine, nortriptyline and decynium-22, suggesting the involvement of multiple transporters. qPCR revealed prominent mRNA expression of the NET, the PMAT and OCT1, alongside lower levels of mRNA for OCT2, OCT3 and the DAT. Notably, apomorphine significantly altered NET, PMAT and D1 mRNA expression, while haloperidol and L-DOPA had a modest impact. Our findings demonstrate that striatal astrocytes aid in DA clearance by multiple transporters, which are influenced by dopaminergic drugs. Our study enhances the understanding of regional DA uptake, paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions in dopaminergic disorders.
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- 2024
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7. On the Effect of Antenna Calibration Errors on Geodetic Estimates : Investigation on Zero and Double Difference Approaches
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Kersten, Tobias, Krzan, Grzegorz, Dawidowicz, Karol, Schön, Steffen, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Series Editor, and Sánchez, Laura, Assistant Editor
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- 2023
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8. Degradation of water soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) with acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation: laying foundations for microplastics
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Martin Petkovšek, Andrej Kržan, Alenka Šmid, Ema Žagar, and Mojca Zupanc
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Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,TD201-500 - Abstract
Abstract Water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) is widely used in the textile and paper industries and in households as detergent pods. In addition to conventional microplastics, water-soluble PVOH poses an environmental threat because it is usually washed down the drain unnoticed and unobstructed. If not treated during wastewater treatment, it enters the aquatic ecosystem in estimated quantities of several thousand tons annually. The present study aims to address the degradation of PVOH on a laboratory scale by acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation, assisted or not with an oxidative agent. A hydrodynamic cavitation generator, designed with consideration for real-life application, presents an innovative technology adapted for wastewater treatment. The effects of temperature, addition of external oxidant, and methanol as a hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenger to PVOH solutions were systematically studied. At optimal operating conditions, PVOH molar mass averages significantly decreased (from weight average molar mass of 124 to 1.6 kg mol−1 in case of 60 min treatment with hydrodynamic cavitation and addition of external oxidant) with concomitant narrowing of molar mass distribution. The SEC/MALS, FTIR, and 1H NMR results show that mechanical degradation of PVOH chains predominates in acoustic cavitation, while chemical effects also play an important role in hydrodynamic cavitation. Findings from this study could serve as model research for the degradation of other carbon-backbone polymers and provide a route to improved ultimate (bio)degradation of functionalized polymers in the environment.
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- 2023
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9. The Restoration of Capitalism in Slovenia and Croatia
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Kržan, Marko, Birač, Dimitrije, Shaw, Timothy M., Series Editor, Gagyi, Agnes, editor, and Slačálek, Ondřej, editor
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- 2022
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10. Kinetic Properties and Pharmacological Modulation of High- and Low-Affinity Dopamine Transport in Striatal Astrocytes of Adult Rats
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Sočan, Vesna, primary, Dolinar, Klemen, additional, and Kržan, Mojca, additional
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- 2024
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11. Cortical and Striatal Astrocytes of Neonatal Rats Display Distinct Molecular and Pharmacological Characteristics of Dopamine Uptake
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Vesna Sočan, Klemen Dolinar, and Mojca Kržan
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astrocyte ,dopamine uptake ,NET ,PMAT ,neonatal rat ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Astrocytes are crucial in the regulation of neurotransmitter homeostasis, and while their involvement in the dopamine (DA) tripartite synapse is acknowledged, it necessitates a more comprehensive investigation. In the present study, experiments were conducted on primary astrocyte cultures from the striatum and cortex of neonatal rats. The pharmacological intricacies of DA uptake, including dependence on time, temperature, and concentration, were investigated using radiolabelled [3H]-DA. The mRNA expression of transporters DAT, NET, PMAT, and OCTs was evaluated by qPCR. Notably, astrocytes from both brain regions exhibited prominent mRNA expression of NET and PMAT, with comparatively lower expression of DAT and OCTs. The inhibition of DA uptake by the DAT inhibitor, GBR12909, and NET inhibitors, desipramine and nortriptyline, impeded DA uptake in striatal astrocytes more than in cortical astrocytes. The mRNA expression of NET and PMAT was significantly upregulated in cortical astrocytes in response to the DA receptor agonist apomorphine, while only the mRNA expression of NET exhibited changes in striatal astrocytes. Haloperidol, a DA receptor antagonist, and L-DOPA, a DA precursor, did not induce significant alterations in transporter mRNA expression. These findings underscore the intricate and region-specific mechanisms governing DA uptake in astrocytes, emphasizing the need for continued exploration to unravel the nuanced dynamics of astrocytic involvement in the DA tripartite synapse.
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- 2024
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12. Improved seismic response of light-frame-timber panels with cement-particle-board sheathing of various thicknesses and different configurations of fasteners
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Kržan, Meta, Pazlar, Tomaž, and Ber, Boštjan
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- 2022
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13. The pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine 0.5% after infraorbital or inferior alveolar block in anesthetized dogs
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Matic Pavlica, Mojca Kržan, Ana Nemec, Tina Kosjek, Anže Baš, and Alenka Seliškar
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regional anesthesia ,levobupivacaine ,dexmedetomidine ,pharmacology ,animal experimentation ,dogs ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
IntroductionData are lacking on the pharmacokinetic profile and safety of levobupivacaine (LB) used for regional anesthesia of the maxilla and mandibles in dogs.MethodsInfraorbital block (n = 10), inferior alveolar block (n = 10) or both infraorbital and inferior alveolar blocks (n = 10) were administered to dogs undergoing dental surgery under isoflurane anesthesia. The dose of LB was calculated as 0.11 ml/kg2/3 for the infraorbital block and 0.18 ml/kg2/3 for the inferior alveolar block. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after administration of the oral blocks, and 3, 4, 7, 12, 17, 32, 47, 62, 92, and 122 min thereafter. Quantification of LB in plasma was performed by LC-MS/MS.Results and discussionThe results are presented as median and interquartile range. In dogs in which all four quadrants of the oral cavity were desensitized with LB, the Cmax was 1,335 (1,030–1,929) ng/ml, the Tmax was 7 (4–9.5) min, and the AUC(0 → 120) was 57,976 (44,954–96,224) ng min/ml. Plasma concentrations of LB were several times lower than the reported toxic concentrations, and no signs of cardiovascular depression or neurotoxicity were observed in any of the dogs, suggesting that the occurrence of severe adverse effects after administration of LB at the doses used in this study is unlikely.
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- 2022
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14. Mechanical performance of timber connections made of thick flexible polyurethane adhesives
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Pečnik, Jaka Gašper, Gavrić, Igor, Sebera, Václav, Kržan, Meta, Kwiecień, Arkadiusz, Zając, Bogusław, and Azinović, Boris
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- 2021
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15. The influence of flexible sound insulation layers on the seismic performance of cross laminated timber walls
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Azinović, Boris, Pazlar, Tomaž, and Kržan, Meta
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- 2021
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16. The Restoration of Capitalism in Slovenia and Croatia
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Kržan, Marko, primary and Birač, Dimitrije, additional
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- 2021
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17. Composite Beams Made of Waste Wood-Particle Boards, Fastened to Solid Timber Frame by Dowel-Type Fasteners
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Meta Kržan, Tomaž Pazlar, and Boštjan Ber
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composite timber beam ,box beam ,OSB ,cement-particle boards ,innovative engineered wood product ,experimental tests ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
To increase the sustainability of prefabricated timber buildings and constructions, composite timber beams with “box” cross-sections were developed in collaboration with an industry partner. They were constructed from a solid timber frame and from webs made of residual waste wood-particle boards from prefabricated timber buildings production. The developed beams’ design concepts presented in this paper were governed by architectural features of prefabricated timber buildings, geometrical limitations, available production technology, and structural demand related to various possible applications. The paper presents the results of experimental bending tests of six variations of the developed composite timber beams constructed by mechanical fasteners only. The developed design concept of composite timber beams without adhesives is beneficial compared to glued beams in terms of design for deconstruction and lower VOC emissions. The tests were conducted to study the influence of the following parameters on the beams’ mechanical behavior: (i) web material (oriented strand boards (OSBs) vs. cement-particle boards); (ii) the influence of beam timber frame design (flanges and web stiffeners vs. flanges, web stiffeners, and compressive diagonals), and (iii) the influence of stiffener–flange joint design. Besides the beams’ load-bearing capacities, their linear and non-linear stiffness characteristics were the main research interest. While adding compressive timber diagonals did not prove to significantly increase the stiffness of the beams in the case of cement-particle board webs, it increased their load-bearing capacity by enabling the failure of flanges instead of prior webs and stiffener–flange joints failure. For beams with OSB webs, failure of the bottom flange was achieved already with the “basic” timber frame design, but timber diagonals proved beneficial to increase the stiffness characteristics. Finally, mechanical characteristics of the developed beams needed in structural design for their application are provided together with further development guidelines.
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- 2023
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18. Transporters involved in adult rat cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake: Kinetics, expression and pharmacological modulation
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Sočan, Vesna, primary, Dolinar, Klemen, additional, and Kržan, Mojca, additional
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- 2023
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19. Transporters involved in adult rat cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake: Kinetics, expression and pharmacological modulation.
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Sočan, Vesna, Dolinar, Klemen, and Kržan, Mojca
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MONOAMINE transporters ,DOPAMINE receptors ,DOPAMINE ,GENE expression ,MEMBRANE transport proteins ,CELL membranes ,DOPAMINE agents ,NEUROGLIA - Abstract
Astrocytes, glial cells in the central nervous system, perform a multitude of homeostatic functions and are in constant bidirectional communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite synapse; however, their role in the dopamine homeostasis remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to clarify the pharmacological and molecular characteristics of dopamine transport in cultured cortical astrocytes of adult rats. In addition, we were interested in the expression of mRNA of dopamine transporters as well as dopamine receptors D1 and D2 and in the effect of dopaminergic drugs on the expression of these transporters and receptors. We have found that astrocytes possess both Na+‐dependent and Na+‐independent transporters. Uptake of radiolabelled dopamine was time‐, temperature‐ and concentration‐dependent and was inhibited by decynium‐22, a plasma membrane monoamine transporter inhibitor, tricyclic antidepressants desipramine and nortriptyline, both inhibitors of the norepinephrine transporter. Results of transporter mRNA expression indicate that the main transporters involved in cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake are the norepinephrine transporter and plasma membrane monoamine transporter. Both dopamine receptor subtypes were identified in cortical astrocyte cultures. Twenty‐four‐hour treatment of astrocyte cultures with apomorphine, a D1/D2 agonist, induced upregulation of D1 receptor, norepinephrine transporter and plasma membrane monoamine transporter, whereas the latter was downregulated by haloperidol and L‐DOPA. Astrocytes take up dopamine by multiple transporters and express dopamine receptors, which are sensitive to dopaminergic drugs. The findings of this study could open a promising area of research for the fine‐tuning of existing therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Cardiopulmonary Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine Used as an Adjunctive Analgesic to Regional Anesthesia of the Oral Cavity with Levobupivacaine in Dogs
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Matic Pavlica, Mojca Kržan, Ana Nemec, Tina Kosjek, Anže Baš, and Alenka Seliškar
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regional anesthesia ,nerve blocks ,local anesthetics ,adjuvant ,dog ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
This study investigated the cardiopulmonary effects and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine (DEX) used as an adjunctive analgesic for regional anesthesia of the oral cavity with levobupivacaine in anesthetized dogs. Forty dogs were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 dogs. All dogs received levobupivacaine (4 blocks) with DEX IO (infraorbital block, n = 10) or IA (inferior alveolar block, n = 10) or placebo (PLC; n = 10) or DEX (n = 10) was injected intravenously (IV) after administration of levobupivacaine. The dose of DEX was always 0.5 µg/kg. Cardiopulmonary parameters were recorded, and blood was drawn for the quantification of DEX in plasma using LC-MS/MS. Heart rate was lower in all LB + DEX groups, while mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher in the LB + DEX IV and LB + DEX IA groups compared to the LB + PLC IV group. Compared to DEX IV, IO and IA administration resulted in lower MAP up to 2 min after application. Absorption of DEX was faster at IO administration (Cmax and Tmax were 0.47 ± 0.08 ng/mL and 7.22 ± 1.28 min and 0.76 ± 0.09 ng/mL and 7.50 ± 1.63 min for the IO and IA block, respectively). The IA administration resulted in better bioavailability and faster elimination (t1/2 was 63.44 ± 24.15 min and 23.78 ± 3.78 min for the IO and IA block, respectively). Perineural administration of DEX may be preferable because of the less pronounced cardiovascular response compared to IV administration.
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- 2022
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21. Cortical and Striatal Astrocytes of Neonatal Rats Display Distinct Molecular and Pharmacological Characteristics of Dopamine Uptake.
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Sočan, Vesna, Dolinar, Klemen, and Kržan, Mojca
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DOPAMINE receptors ,APOMORPHINE ,ASTROCYTES ,DOPAMINE ,GENE expression ,RATS ,DOPA - Abstract
Astrocytes are crucial in the regulation of neurotransmitter homeostasis, and while their involvement in the dopamine (DA) tripartite synapse is acknowledged, it necessitates a more comprehensive investigation. In the present study, experiments were conducted on primary astrocyte cultures from the striatum and cortex of neonatal rats. The pharmacological intricacies of DA uptake, including dependence on time, temperature, and concentration, were investigated using radiolabelled [
3 H]-DA. The mRNA expression of transporters DAT, NET, PMAT, and OCTs was evaluated by qPCR. Notably, astrocytes from both brain regions exhibited prominent mRNA expression of NET and PMAT, with comparatively lower expression of DAT and OCTs. The inhibition of DA uptake by the DAT inhibitor, GBR12909, and NET inhibitors, desipramine and nortriptyline, impeded DA uptake in striatal astrocytes more than in cortical astrocytes. The mRNA expression of NET and PMAT was significantly upregulated in cortical astrocytes in response to the DA receptor agonist apomorphine, while only the mRNA expression of NET exhibited changes in striatal astrocytes. Haloperidol, a DA receptor antagonist, and L-DOPA, a DA precursor, did not induce significant alterations in transporter mRNA expression. These findings underscore the intricate and region-specific mechanisms governing DA uptake in astrocytes, emphasizing the need for continued exploration to unravel the nuanced dynamics of astrocytic involvement in the DA tripartite synapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. In-plane seismic behaviour of ashlar three-leaf stone masonry walls
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Kržan, Meta and Bosiljkov, Vlatko
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seismic performance ,analytical formulations ,historical masonry ,model error ,mechanical properties ,drift limits ,udc:624 ,multi-leaf stone masonry ,compression tests ,boundary conditions ,code provisions ,proposals for new Eurocodes ,performance limits ,in-plane shear tests ,failure mechanisms - Abstract
In light of the forthcoming second generation Eurocodes (EC), the results of conducted systematic in-plane cyclic and compressive tests on three-leaf stone masonry walls are discussed following new requirements and provisions. The new proposal for EC8-3 for existing buildings is based on partial factors safety approach, though it considers different uncertainties in defining input parameters for effective seismic performance-based assessment. Prior to its application, massive calibration effort will be needed since there is no standardized method for shear testing of masonry walls. In this paper, the performance limit states damage, resistance, and displacement capacities from conducted test results were evaluated and assessed through comparison with analytical solutions and imposed limit values, as stated in existing codes. The test results provide a much higher deformation capacity than the limits provided in both existing and new proposal of EC8-3 as well as those in the ASCE code provisions. The reason for this lies in the soft, "ductile" mortar for which the presumed resistance according to code provisions should be significantly higher when considering good quality ashlar three-leaf stone masonry.
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- 2023
23. Smernice za razvoj spletne trgovine in njeno učinkovito spletno promocijo
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Mlakar, Nejc, Kržan, Zala, and Tomat, Luka
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prodaja na drobno ,udc:004.7 ,electronic marketing ,organizacija ,promotion ,promocija ,online shopping ,organization ,spletna trgovina ,elektronsko trženje ,information technology ,informatika ,informacijska tehnologija ,informatics ,retail trade - Published
- 2023
24. Composite Beams Made of Waste Wood-Particle Boards, Fastened to Solid Timber Frame by Dowel-Type Fasteners
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Kržan, Meta, primary, Pazlar, Tomaž, additional, and Ber, Boštjan, additional
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- 2023
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25. Protocols and Results Analysis Methods for Cyclic Tests of Timber Joints : A Discussion
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Kržan, Meta, Aquino, Caroline, Schweigler, Michael, Li, Zheng, Branco, Jorge, Kržan, Meta, Aquino, Caroline, Schweigler, Michael, Li, Zheng, and Branco, Jorge
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- 2023
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26. Influence of Test Methods on the Parallel to Grain Embedment Strength and Foundation Modulus Characterization
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Aquino, Caroline, Rodrigues, Leonardo, Kržan, Meta, Schweigler, Michael, Li, Zheng, Branco, Jorge, Aquino, Caroline, Rodrigues, Leonardo, Kržan, Meta, Schweigler, Michael, Li, Zheng, and Branco, Jorge
- Abstract
Different test setups have been reported in the literature for the determination of the embedment strengthin timber elements. These variances hinder a straightforward comparison between available test data. It is difficult todetermine if the source of variability lies in intrinsic timber properties or is related to the test protocol used. This paperaims to provide a better insight into the influence of embedment strength test methods, comparing experimental resultsfrom different test setups within the guidelines of EN 383 and ASTM D 5764-97a for Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris)and Spruce (Picea Abies). A robust statistical analysis was performed to identify statistically significant differencesbetween the groups evaluated. The analysis of the parallel to grain embedment strength showed that the results differedbetween standards, pointing out the potential bias inserted in the embedment properties given their evaluation method.Moreover, the thickness of the specimen tests also proved to influence the yield and ultimate embedment strength for thewood species tested.
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- 2023
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27. Life's Meaning and Religion in Contemporary Europe
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Kržan, Matija, primary
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- 2022
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28. The pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine 0.5% after infraorbital or inferior alveolar block in anesthetized dogs
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Pavlica, Matic, primary, Kržan, Mojca, additional, Nemec, Ana, additional, Kosjek, Tina, additional, Baš, Anže, additional, and Seliškar, Alenka, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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29. NATURAL DEGRADATION OF POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
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Budhiraja, Vaibhav and Kržan, Andrej
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polyethylene ,plastic litter ,additives ,environment ,degradation ,polypropylene - Abstract
Human activity is becoming the dominant influence in shaping the face of the earth. In 2020 we reached the crossover point where the anthropogenic mass reached approximately 1.1 teratonnes which is equal to all living biomass on Earth. The mass of plastic generated so far is nearly double the mass of all marine and terrestrial animals combined. Plastics enter the environment through plastic litter which gradually degrades into microplastics (MP). But there is little information about the lifespan of these materials and their degradation rates in the environment. For this reason, the degradation of plastic litter remains a fundamental question for MP research. In the present study forty-four, naturally degraded lobster trap tags made of polyethylene (PE) were collected from the marine environment and several naturally aged polypropylene (PP) items were studied in respect of their degradation in the environment. The manufacturing dates printed on lobster tags were used as a temporary indication of being present in the environment as plastic litter. The oldest PE tag was manufactured in 1983 whereas some PP items were more than forty years old. The results revealed an extreme degradation of several PP items that has a very pronounced effect on fragmentation. The thickness of the items allowed us to assess the state of the material that was not exposed to environmental influences. The PE tags do not show a direct degradation correlation with their time of manufacturing. The oldest PE tag made in 1983 seems to be robust whereas a lobster tag manufactured in 2007 shows the highest degradation as confirmed by ATR-FTIR. One interesting pattern observed was the red-colored lobster tags were showing more degradation while blue-colored tags were showing the least degradation. There seems to be an effect of item coloring suggesting an important role of additives in the degradation. Also see: https://micro2022.sciencesconf.org/426782/document, In MICRO 2022, Online Atlas Edition: Plastic Pollution from MACRO to nano
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- 2022
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30. Compression and In-plane Seismic Behaviour of Ashlar Three-leaf Stone Masonry Walls
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Meta Kržan and Vlatko Bosiljkov
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Visual Arts and Performing Arts ,Consolidation (soil) ,business.industry ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Stiffness ,02 engineering and technology ,Conservation ,Masonry ,Deformation (meteorology) ,Compression (physics) ,Transverse plane ,021105 building & construction ,Architecture ,Ashlar ,medicine ,Geotechnical engineering ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Ductility ,Geology - Abstract
There is a lack of knowledge regarding the parameters needed for the effective seismic performance assessment of historical stone masonry buildings. The paper presents the results of an extensive experimental campaign consisting of four compression and fifteen in-plane cyclic shear tests on three-leaf ashlar stone masonry walls and its constituents. The morphology, level of vertical load, and testing boundary conditions were systematically varied, and their influence on the load-bearing and deformation capacities, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation was analysed. Good consolidation of the inner core enables in-plane failure mechanism of the walls to occur without decisive out-of-plane damage. The boundary conditions applied significantly influence the failure modes and large deformation capacities obtained, whereas transverse connections in the case of a shear failure mechanism do not significantly influence the overall lateral in-plane response of walls.
- Published
- 2021
31. Razvoj metode za določevanje urolitina A v realnih vzorcih
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Kržan, Pia and Pompe, Matevž
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urolithin A ,HPLC ,biološki vzorci ,biological samples ,urolitin A - Abstract
Urolitini so metaboliti elagitaninov, kateri nastanejo s pomočjo črevesnih bakterij. Veliko pozornosti so pritegnili zaradi potencialnih antioksidativnih, protivnetnih, protirakavih učinkov in delovanja proti nevrodegenerativnim boleznim. Poteka še veliko raziskav o samih spojinah in njihovih zdravilnih učinkih. Pomemben je tudi razvoj metod, s katerimi se lahko urolitine določa v različnih bioloških vzorcih. V tej nalogi sem se osredotočila na kvalitativno in kvantitativno določitev urolitina A v vzorcih prašičjega blata. Tovrstni vzorci so najlažje dostopni in lahko povedo veliko o metabolizmu. Razvita je bila metoda za pripravo vzorca in analizo na sistemu revezno fazne tekočinske kromatografije visoke ločljivosti z UV-Vis detekcijo. Preizkušenih je bilo več načinov in topil za ekstrakcijo vzorca. Razvita je bila ekstrakcija tekoče-tekoče z raztopino vzorca in etil acetatom, s katero se vzorec skoncentrira, vendar je pri postopku veliko izgub. Za najbolj optimalno se je izkazala enofazna ekstrakcija z mešanico topil metanola in vode v razmerju 80:20 z dodatkom kisline. Vzorci blata so kompleksni in opažena je bila velika raznolikost v vsebnosti motečih komponent, ki so v nekaterih primerih vplivali na določevanje urolitina A v vzorcu. Najboljša ločba je bila dosežena s stacionarno fazo z vezanimi fenil-heksil skupinami in gradientnim profilom mobilnih faz 0,1 % raztopine H3PO4 v vodi ter acetonitrila. Uporabljena optimalna valovna dolžina je bila 240 nm. Določena je bila linearnost, ponovljivost metode, LOD, LOQ in vpliv matrice. Metoda je primerna za kvalitativno določevanje, kvantitativno določevanje pa je v določenih primerih moteno zaradi prisotnost motečih komponent. Preizkušena je bila topnost urolitina A v topilih metanol, mešanici metanola in vode v razmerju 80:20, vodi in etil acetatu. Najbolj topen je v metanolu s topnostjo 0,737 g/L in najslabše v vodi s topnostjo 0,170 g/L. Preverjena je bila stabilnost urolitina A v topilih DMSO, metanolu in mešanici metanola in vode v razmerju 80:20 pri koncentracijah osnovne in delovne raztopine ter pri različnih pogojih: v zamrzovalniku pri -20 °C, v hladilniku pri 4 °C, v temi pri sobni temperaturi in na svetlobi pri sobni temperaturi. Stabilnost je upadala le v primeru raztopine, ki je bila izpostavljena svetlobi v topilu DMSO. Urolithins are metabolites of ellagitannins produced by intestinal bacteria. They have attracted a lot of attention due to their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer effects and their action against neurodegenerative diseases. There is still a lot of research going on about the compounds themselves and their health effects. The development of a method by which urolithin can be determined in various biological samples is also important. In this master thesis, I focused on the qualitative and quantitative determination of urolithin A in pig feces samples. These types of samples are the most easily accessible and can tell a lot about the metabolome. A method for sample preparation and analysis on a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography system with UV-Vis detection was developed. Several methods and solvents to extract the sample were tested. A liquid-liquid extraction with a solution of the sample and ethyl acetate has been developed to concentrate the sample, but there are many losses in the process. Single-phase extraction with a solvent mixture of methanol and water in a ratio of 80:20 with the addition of acid proved to be the optimal. Stool samples are so complex and a great diversity in the content of disturbing components was observed, which in some cases affected the determination of urolithin A in the sample. The best separation was achieved with a stationary phase with attached phenyl-hexyl groups and a mobile phase gradient profile of 0.1 % solution of H3PO4 in water and acetonitrile. The optimal wavelength used was 240 nm. Linearity, method reproducibility, LOD, LOQ and matrix effect were determined. The method is suitable for qualitative determination, but quantitative determination is disturbed in certain cases due to the presence of interfering components. The solubility of urolithin A was tested in the solvent methanol, an 80:20 mixture of methanol and water, water and ethyl acetate. It is best soluble in methanol with a solubility of 0.737 g/L and the worst in water with a solubility of 0.170 g/L. The stability of urolithin A was checked in the solvents DMSO, methanol and a mixture of methanol and water in a ratio of 80:20 at the concentrations of the stock and working solution and under different conditions: in a freezer at -20 °C, in a refrigerator at 4 °C, in the dark at room temperature and in the light at room temperature. The stability dropped only in the case of the solution exposed to light in the DMSO solvent.
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- 2022
32. Relevance of hydrogen bonds in binding and functional properties of histamine H(2) receptors expressed in rat astrocytes
- Author
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Mojca Kržan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2022
33. Challenges of e-business of selected municipalities during the covid-19 crisis
- Author
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Kržan, Tina and Dečman, Mitja
- Subjects
e-poslovanje ,e-business ,udc:352:004:616-036.21:578.834(497.4)(043.2) ,covid-19 ,municipality ,ICT ,informacijski sistemi ,občina ,information systems ,IKT - Abstract
Poslovanje javnih institucij se z razvojem družbe in tehnologije spreminja ter prilagaja njenim potrebam in posamezniku. V izrednih razmerah, kot je bil covid-19, pa je potrebno prilagajanje in iskanje alternativnih rešitev pospešiti. V delu smo zato preučevali, kako so se izbrane slovenske občine odzvale na izzive epidemije covida-19. Želeli smo ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri so izkoristile pomoč informacijske tehnologije pri spremenjenem načinu dela. Analizirali smo spremembe poslovanja izbranih občin in zaznali izzive in pomanjkljivosti e-poslovanja. Podrobnejšo raziskavo smo naredili s pomočjo spletne ankete. Z analitično metodo in metodo komparacije smo prišli do ključnih ugotovitev oz. odgovorov na vprašanje, kaj so bile glavne težave in izzivi v času epidemije na Občini Bistrica ob Sotli, Občini Brežice in Mestni občini Krško. V okviru raziskave smo ugotovili, da sta zaposlenim največji izziv predstavljala namestitev in uskladitev novih aplikacij ter čas za uporabo le-teh in komunikacija s strankami. Težave obsežnejšega e-poslovanja so bile: dostop in neprilagojenost informacijskega sistema za delo na daljavo, dostop do službenih dokumentov, pomanjkanje elektronskega podpisa, prenos velikih datotek in čas za prilagoditev. Ovire so predstavljale tudi pomanjkljive digitalne spretnosti in veščine zaposlenih. Pri delu v prihodnosti bo e-poslovanje zagotovo obsežnejše. Več bo dela na daljavo, stremljenja k nadaljnji racionalizaciji in poenostavitvi dela ter konstantni rabi informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije. Zaposlenim je smiselno omogočiti digitalno podpisovanje, posodobiti informacijske sisteme, prenesti dokumentacijo v elektronsko obliko, poenotiti oddajo e-vlog s portalom eUprava in spodbujati občane k uporabi e-storitev. Tako izbranim občinam kot drugim podobnim institucijam bodo rezultati dela omogočili pravilnejše korake h kvalitetnejšemu e-poslovanju z maksimalno izkoriščenostjo prednosti, ki jih zagotavlja IKT. The business of public institutions changes and adjusts to the demands and development of society and individuals. In emergency situations, such as covid-19, it is necessary to adapt and find alternative solutions quickly. In this assignment, we analysed how selected Slovenian municipalities responded to the challenges of the covid-19 epidemic. We wanted to establish to what extent they have used the assistance of information technology in the changed working methods. We analysed changes in the business of selected municipalities and identified the challenges and shortcomings of e-business. Using an online survey questionnaire, we conducted more detailed research. Using the analytical method and the method of comparison, we came to the main findings about the significant problems and challenges during the epidemic in the Municipality of Bistrica by Sotla, the Municipality of Brežice and the Municipality of Krško. As part of the research, we found out that the biggest challenge for employees was the installation and coordination of new applications and the time used for communication with the applicants. The problems of more extensive e-business were access and inadequacy of the information system for remote work, access to official documents, lack of electronic signature, the transfer of large files and time for adjustment. Lack of digital skills and skills staffing levels were also obstacles. In the future, e-business will undoubtedly be more extensive. There will be more remote work, a focus on further rationalization and simplification of work, and constant use of information and communication technology. Therefore, employees should be provided with digital signatures, information systems updates, documentation transfer in e-data, unification of e-applications submissions with the eGovernment portal and encouragement of citizens to use e-services. The results of the assignment will enable both the selected municipalities and other similar institutions to take more correct steps towards higher quality e-business, with maximum utilization of the advantages brought by ICT.
- Published
- 2022
34. Relevance of hydrogen bonds in binding and functional properties of histamine H(2) receptors expressed in rat astrocytes
- Author
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Kržan, Mojca, primary
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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35. Compression and In-plane Seismic Behaviour of Ashlar Three-leaf Stone Masonry Walls.
- Author
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Kržan, Meta and Bosiljkov, Vlatko
- Subjects
STONEMASONRY ,ECCENTRIC loads ,FAILURE mode & effects analysis ,ENERGY dissipation ,BUILDING stones ,WALLS ,DATA compression ,INPAINTING - Abstract
There is a lack of knowledge regarding the parameters needed for the effective seismic performance assessment of historical stone masonry buildings. The paper presents the results of an extensive experimental campaign consisting of four compression and fifteen in-plane cyclic shear tests on three-leaf ashlar stone masonry walls and its constituents. The morphology, level of vertical load, and testing boundary conditions were systematically varied, and their influence on the load-bearing and deformation capacities, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation was analysed. Good consolidation of the inner core enables in-plane failure mechanism of the walls to occur without decisive out-of-plane damage. The boundary conditions applied significantly influence the failure modes and large deformation capacities obtained, whereas transverse connections in the case of a shear failure mechanism do not significantly influence the overall lateral in-plane response of walls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Cardiopulmonary Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine Used as an Adjunctive Analgesic to Regional Anesthesia of the Oral Cavity with Levobupivacaine in Dogs
- Author
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Pavlica, Matic, primary, Kržan, Mojca, additional, Nemec, Ana, additional, Kosjek, Tina, additional, Baš, Anže, additional, and Seliškar, Alenka, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Importance of pain management in cancer patients and survivors
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Alonso, Maria Rosario, Barke, Antonia, Bhatt, Ketan, Sellius, Anna Bjarnegård, Buttigieg, Gertrude, Cameron, Paul, Palomares, Angela Cano, Correia, Duarte, Craveiro Lopes, Beatriz, Fabregat, Gustavo, de Lima, Maria Teresa Flor, Forget, Patrice, Penalta, Marisol García, Goran, Gunilla, Jutila, Liisa, Kinnunen, Marja, Kotlinska-Lemieszek, Aleksandra, Krzan, Mateja, Launois, Françoise, Ljutow, André, Machado, Ivone, Margarit, Cesar, Marttinen, Maiju, Morlion, Bart, O’Brien, Joanne, Luz, María, Bhatt, K., Palomares, A.C., Forget, P., and Ryan, D.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Integral analysis of hydrodynamic cavitation effects on waste activated sludge characteristics, potentially toxic metals, microorganisms and identification of microplastics
- Author
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Repinc, Sabina Kolbl, primary, Bizjan, Benjamin, additional, Budhiraja, Vaibhav, additional, Dular, Matevž, additional, Gostiša, Jurij, additional, Brajer Humar, Barbara, additional, Kaurin, Anela, additional, Kržan, Andrej, additional, Levstek, Marjetka, additional, Arteaga, Juan Francisco Morales, additional, Petkovšek, Martin, additional, Rak, Gašper, additional, Stres, Blaž, additional, Širok, Brane, additional, Žagar, Ema, additional, and Zupanc, Mojca, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Improved seismic response of light-frame-timber panels with cement-particle-board sheathing of various thicknesses and different configurations of fasteners
- Author
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Meta Kržan, Tomaž Pazlar, and Boštjan Ber
- Subjects
open access ,cementno iverne obložne plošče ,ciklične strižne preiskave ,leseni okvirni stenski paneli, cementno iverne obložne plošče, ciklične strižne preiskave, stik obložna plošča - les, nesimetrični panel, razdalja med sponkami, EN 1995–1-1, odprti dostop ,razdalja med sponkami ,odprti dostop ,asymmetrical panel ,udc:624 ,light-frame timber panels, cement-particle board sheathing, cyclic shear tests, sheathing-to-timber connection, asymmetrical panel, staple spacing distance, EN 1995–1-1, open access ,620.1/.2 ,cement-particle board sheathing ,light-frame timber panels ,sheathing-to-timber connection ,leseni okvirni stenski paneli ,nesimetrični panel ,staple spacing distance ,cyclic shear tests ,stik obložna plošča - les ,EN 1995–1-1 ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Due to their comparable fire characteristics and surface preparation, light-frame timber panels using cement-particle boards (CPB) as a sheathing material present a potential alternative to gypsum-fibre boards. An experimental campaign was conducted to evaluate the behaviour of CPB light-frame-timber panels under in-plane lateral loading. Monotonic and cyclic in-plane shear tests were conducted on full-size panels, following preceding tests on the stapled sheathing-to-timber connections used in the panels. The influence of the boards’ thickness and staple geometry on the response of connections and panels was studied, also on panels with an asymmetrical CPB layout, which proved not to have a negative influence on the panels’ lateral load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, in order to improve the seismic response, panels, which had almost twice the number of staples compared to the basic panel, were tested; one variation with two rows of staples, and the other with the staples spaced closer together, such that the spacing distance was halved. The tests revealed a significant, though not proportional, increase in lateral resistance in the strengthened panels. Fastening the CPB with two rows of staples proved the better option, since subsequent failure of the CPB along the connections, as opposed to ductile failure of the staples in the basic panels, proved not to reduce the panels’ deformation capacity. The paper also compares the test results of the connections and panels to analytical results according to Eurocode 5 (EC5), the European code provision for the design of timber structures. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 5. 1. 2022. Št. članka: 113757. Abstract. Bibliografija: str. 14.
- Published
- 2021
40. Relevance of hydrogen bonds for the histamine H2 receptor-ligand interactions
- Author
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Kržan, Mojca, Keuschler, Jan, Mavri, Janez, and Vianello, Robert
- Subjects
deuteration ,histaminski receptor ,receptor activation ,heavy drugs ,aktivacija receptorjev ,histamine receptor ,vodikove vezi ,udc:615 ,hydrogen bonding ,DFT calculations ,kromatografija ,computational chemistry - Abstract
We used a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and the implicit quantization of the acidic N-H and O-H bonds to assess the effect of deuteration on the binding of agonists (2-methylhistamine and 4-methylhistamine) and antagonists (cimetidine and famotidine) to the histamine H2 receptor. The results show that deuteration significantly increases the affinity for 4-methylhistamine and reduces it for 2-methylhistamine, while leaving it unchanged for both antagonists, which is found in excellent agreement with experiments. The revealed trends are interpreted in the light of the altered strength of the hydrogen bonding upon deuteration, known as the Ubbelohde effect, which affects ligand interactions with both active sites residues and solvent molecules preceding the binding, thus providing strong evidence for the relevance of hydrogen bonding for this process. In addition, computations further underline an important role of the Tyr250 residue for the binding. The obtained insight is relevant for the therapy in the context of (per)deuterated drugs that are expected to enter therapeutic practice in the near future, while this approach may contribute towards understanding receptor activation and its discrimination between agonists and antagonists.
- Published
- 2021
41. Integral analysis of hydrodynamic cavitation effects on waste activated sludge characteristics, potentially toxic metals, microorganisms and identification of microplastics
- Author
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Jurij Gostiša, Martin Petkovšek, Matevž Dular, Vaibhav Budhiraja, Mojca Zupanc, Barbara Brajer Humar, Sabina Kolbl Repinc, Gašper Rak, Marjetka Levstek, Blaž Stres, Andrej Kržan, Juan Morales Arteaga, Ema Žagar, Anela Kaurin, Brane Širok, and Benjamin Bizjan
- Subjects
microbial damage ,Microplastics ,microplastics ,Environmental Engineering ,lastnosti blata ,Wastewater ,mikroplastika ,Waste Disposal, Fluid ,Physics::Geophysics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Specific surface area ,hydrodynamic cavitation ,Environmental Chemistry ,Humans ,Anaerobiosis ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,potentially toxic metals ,potencialno nevarne kovine ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Physics::Biological Physics ,Sewage ,Chemistry ,sludge characteristics ,Hydrodynamic cavitation, Waste activated sludge, Sludge characteristics, Microbial damage, Potentially toxic metals, Microplastics ,udc:532.528:628.355 ,Polyethylene ,poškodbe mikroorganizmov ,Pollution ,Anaerobic digestion ,waste activated sludge ,Activated sludge ,Chemical engineering ,Cavitation ,Hydrodynamics ,Sewage treatment ,Particle size ,hidrodinamska kavitacija ,Plastics ,odpadno blato - Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants, the last barrier between ever-increasing human activities and the environment, produce huge amounts, of unwanted semi-solid by-product - waste activated sludge. Anaerobic digestioncan be used to reduce the amount of sludge. However, the process needs extensive modernisation and refinement to realize its full potential. This can be achieved by using efficient pre-treatment processes that result in high sludge disintegration and solubilization. To this end, we investigated the efficiency of a novel pinned disc rotational generator of hydrodynamic cavitation. The results of physical and chemical evaluation showed a reduction in mean particle size up to 88%, an increase in specific surface area up to 300% and an increase in soluble COD, NH4-N, NO3-N, PO4-P up to 155.8, 126.3, 250 and 29.7%, respectively. Microscopic images confirmed flocs disruption and damage to yeast cells andEpistilys speciesdue to mechanical effects of cavitation such as microjets and shear forces. The observed cell ruptures and cracks were sufficient for the release of small soluble biologically relevant dissolved organic molecules into the bulk liquid, but not for the release of microbial DNA. Cavitation treatment also decreased total Pb concentrations by 70%, which was attributed to the reactions triggered by the chemical effects of cavitation. Additionally, the study confirmed the presence of microplastic particles and fibers of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene,and nylon 6 in the waste activated sludge.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Compression and in-plane seismic behaviour of ashlar three-leaf stone masonry walls
- Author
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Kržan, Meta and Bosiljkov, Vlatko
- Subjects
stanja poškodovanosti ,historical masonry ,robni pogoji ,tlačne preiskave ,večslojna kamnita zidovina ,zgodovinska zidovina ,mechanical properties ,strižne preiskave v ravnini ,porušni mehanizmi ,damage states ,mehanske lastnosti ,drift limits ,compression tests ,multi-leaf stone masonry ,boundary conditions ,udc:691 ,mejna stanja pomikov ,failure mechanisms ,in-plane shear tests - Abstract
There is a lack of knowledge regarding the parameters needed for the effective seismic performance assessment of historical stone masonry buildings. The paper presents the results of an extensive experimental campaign consisting of four compression and fifteen in-plane cyclic shear tests on three-leaf ashlar stone masonry walls and its constituents. The morphology, level of vertical load, and testing boundary conditions were systematically varied, and their influence on the load-bearing and deformation capacities, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation was analysed. Good consolidation of the inner core enables in-plane failure mechanism of the walls to occur without decisive out-of-plane damage. The boundary conditions applied significantly influence the failure modes and large deformation capacities obtained, whereas transverse connections in the case of a shear failure mechanism do not significantly influence the overall lateral in-plane response of walls.
- Published
- 2021
43. The Restoration of Capitalism in Slovenia and Croatia
- Author
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Dimitrije Birač and Marko Kržan
- Subjects
Capitalist development ,Social force ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Political economy ,Socialist mode of production ,Balance sheet ,Capitalism ,Deliberation ,media_common - Abstract
This chapter is composed of three parts. The first outlines socio-historic processes of the “real existing socialism” in Yugoslavia and shows how the deadlocks of transition to socialism led to restoration of capitalism. The second and third parts analyze the restoration in Slovenia and Croatia respectively, and the first 30 years of capitalist development. The balance sheet of the analysis is two-fold. On the one hand, it shows that restoration could result in different varieties of capitalism both because of different starting points and of deliberation of social forces. On the other hand, it indicates that both societies converge in the direction of a markedly peripheral capitalism, which produces similar challenges for left-wing forces.
- Published
- 2021
44. Life’s Meaning and Religion in Contemporary Europe
- Author
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Kržan, Matija
- Abstract
The challenges of modernity in the West have been numerous, affecting even the deepest or existential segments of human being. That the anxiety of the modern era has led to crises has been claimed by many. At the same time religion, in this case Christianity, has undergone notable changes, where its institutional and social roles have been particularly weakened. Since religions seek to assert metaphysical knowledge and answer existential questions, I examine if and to what extent religiosity determines meaning in an individual’s life. A questionnaire was developed consisting of seven scales measuring Higher Meaning of Life, General Meaning in Life, Religiosity, Spirituality, Faith Maturity, Faith in Day-to-Day Life and Social Connectedness. Results show that higher meaning of life and general meaning in life are two separate categories, determined by different parameters. In terms of absolute values, participants have reported significantly lower mean value on the Higher Meaning of Life scale in comparison with General Meaning in Life scale. Further analysis shows that religiosity is not a key predictor of higher meaning of life, nor general meaning in life. As giving meaning and purpose is considered to be one of the essential functions of religion, I conclude that religiosity, and consequently religion, does not fulfil one of its main functions in contemporary Slovenia. However, spirituality has been measured to have a considerable effect on the higher meaning of life.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine administered to desensitize the oral cavity in anaesthetized dogs
- Author
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Pavlica, M., Kržan, M., Nemec, A., Kosjek, T., Baš, A., and Seliškar, A.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Mechanical performance of timber connections made of thick flexible polyurethane adhesives
- Author
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Igor Gavric, Boris Azinović, Meta Kržan, Arkadiusz Kwiecień, Jaka Gašper Pečnik, Bogusław Zając, and Václav Sebera
- Subjects
energy dissipation ,Polyurethane ,Materials science ,Composite number ,timber connection ,podajno lepilo, spoj lesenih elementov, poliuretan, strižni preskus, ciklično obremenjevanje, disipacija energije, odprti dostop ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Shear strength ,Double lap-shear ,Composite material ,ciklično obremenjevanje ,cyclic loading ,flexible adhesive, timber connection, polyurethane, double lap-shear, cyclic loading, energy dissipation, open access ,flexible adhesive ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,open access ,spoj lesenih elementov ,Cyclic Loading ,Flexible adhesive ,Timber connection ,Energy dissipation ,double lap-shear ,Stiffness ,odprti dostop ,poliuretan ,Finite element method ,podajno lepilo ,udc:624 ,chemistry ,polyurethane ,620.1/.2 ,strižni preskus ,Adhesive ,medicine.symptom ,disipacija energije - Abstract
This study investigates timber connections with flexible polyurethane adhesives, which prove to have the po-tential for timber-adhesive composite structures without mechanical connections for seismic regions. Results of conducted cyclic double lap-shear adhesive timber joints tests were compared with available experimental re-sults on timber connections with standard mechanical dowel-type fasteners and with results of numerical finite element analysis. The study found that the shear strength, elastic stiffness and strength degradation capacity of the flexible adhesive connections were significantly higher compared to mechanical fasteners commonly used in seismic-resistant timber connections. The latter, however, manifested larger ultimate displacements but also yielded at lower displacements. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 26. 10. 2021. Št. članka: 113125. Abstract. Bibliografija: str. 11-12.
- Published
- 2021
47. Serum Cortisol and Blood Glucose Concentrations in Anesthetized Dogs Administered Levobupivacaine and Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine for Regional Anesthesia of the Oral Cavity
- Author
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Pavlica, Matic, Kržan, Mojca, Nemec, Ana, Nemec, Marija, Baš, Anže, Kosjek, Tina, and Seliškar, Alenka
- Abstract
The effects on the stress response, postanesthetic sedation, and altered behavior were evaluated following regional anesthesia and dental treatment in 40 dogs. Serum cortisol and blood glucose concentrations were measured following the administration of levobupivacaine (LBUP) 0.5% and dexmedetomidine (DEX) (0.5 µg/kg) or a placebo. The dogs were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 10 dogs each. All dogs received a regional nerve block using LBUP 0.5%. Group 1 (LBUP + DEX IV) also received DEX intravenously (IV); group 2 (LBUP + PLC IV) also received a placebo IV; group 3 (LBUP + DEX IO) also received DEX in one infraorbital (IO) block; and group 4 (LBUP + DEX IA) also received DEX in one inferior alveolar (IA) block. Serum cortisol and blood glucose concentrations were determined before the administration of oral blocks and at the end of the procedure. Sedation and behavior scores were assessed before premedication and hourly for 6 h after the end of anesthesia. Cortisol concentration did not change in any group at either evaluation time. The glucose concentration was higher (P < .05) only in the LBUP + DEX IA group at the end of the procedure. The sedation score was higher until the end of the observation period only in the LBUP + DEX IV and LBUP + PLC IV groups. No change in behavior score was observed in any of the groups. The reduction of perioperative stress response in all groups was due to the use of LBUP and not DEX.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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