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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between endodontic pathologies and CVDs. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed from databases such as PubMed MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and Science Direct, spanning the period from 2011 to 2022. Papers meeting the eligibility criteria were taken out and were critically examined. Results: Thirteen papers meeting the eligibility criteria were identified from databases, out of which a total of five studies were further evaluated on the basis of inclusion criteria. Conclusion: The findings of this scoping review indicate a correlation between CVDs and endodontic pathologies, underscoring the necessity for future studies to provide robust evidence to support this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study is to check the antibacterial efficacy of various ayurvedic oils used as a solvent with zinc oxide for preparing endodontic sealers. Materials and Methods: Forty-five extracted premolars were taken and were cut coronally and apically such that 7 mm of tooth specimen was prepared. Teeth were sterilized by autoclaving inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 24 h. The specimens were divided into three groups of 15 each. Group 1 - ZnO powder + Eugenol, Group 2 - ZnO powder + Aremidadi Oil, and Group 3 - ZnO powder + Dashmool oil. Bacterial growth in each specimen was calculated before and after sealer application and noted as the initial and final colony count. The antimicrobial effect of each sealer was measured by calculating the percentage reduction in colony count (%). One-way analysis of variance and post hoc tests will be used for statistical analysis. Results: The Zn + Arimedadi oil group showed the maximum antibacterial effect among the sealers tested and the Zn + eugenol sealer showed the least antimicrobial effect In comparison, there was a statistically significant difference between all the groups. Conclusion: Ayurvedic oil-based root canal sealers showed better antibacterial efficacy than eugenol-based sealers. Arimedadi oil showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and Eugenol showed the least when used as a solvent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and anatomical configuration of the C-shaped canal in permanent maxillary and mandibular second molars in the Greater Noida population by compiling the results of data that used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis. Subjects and Methods: CBCT images were taken from the archive in the department of oral medicine and radiology taken for diagnostic purposes referred by other departments in the dental college. Five hundred CBCT records of patients, between the age group of 15–40 years, containing maxillary second molars and mandibular second molars were selected and reviewed. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test to find out the most common configuration of the C-shaped canal between maxillary and mandibular second molars. Results: Hundred and ten out of 500 patients had C‑shaped canals (22%). Among them, 58 teeth (52.7%) were continuous C‑shaped canals, 41 teeth (37.3%) were semicolon‑shaped canals and 11 teeth (10%) had separated canals. (Chi‑square test value = 8.26, P = 0.024). Statistically significant difference was found in configuration types. Among the jaw type, 62 maxillary second molar presented with C‑shaped canal (25.1%) and 48 mandibular second molar presented with C‑shaped canal (18.9%) (Chi‑square test value = 3.87, P = 0.276). However, the difference was statistically insignificant in relation to the jaw type. Conclusions: Within the limitation of the study, we can conclude that the overall prevalence of C-shaped canals was 22% and the most common C‑shaped canal configuration type was continuous (52.7%). However, no statistically significant difference was found in relation to jaw type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) are classified as non-perforated (pTis, pT3) or perforated (pT4), and considered precursors of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). This study aims to quantify the risk of developing PMP from pTis and pT3 LAMNs. Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database identified LAMN patients referred to a specialist centre from 2004 to 2019. pT4 LAMNs and other appendix tumours were excluded. All patients had specialist review of their pathology, operation note, and a CT scan (at least 6 weeks post-operatively). Surveillance CTs were then performed at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, & 60 months, with tumour markers (CEA, CA19-9, CA125). 193 pT3/pTis LAMN patients were included (pTis = 153, pT3 = 40). Median follow-up = 6.45 (3.91–22.13) years, M:F ratio = 1:1.57, and median age = 57 (23–83) years. Initial surgery included: appendicectomy (67 %), appendicectomy + visceral resection (6 %), and right hemicolectomy (27 %). R1 resections were identified in 5/193 patients (2.5 %). 3 R1 patients underwent re-operation (2 caecal pole excision and 1 ileocecectomy), none of which had residual tumour. 8/193 patients (4 %) were lost to follow up. None of the remaining 185 developed PMP. This is the largest reported series of pTis/pT3 LAMNs with standardised follow-up in the literature. LAMNs correctly classified as pT3/pTis (after careful specialist review of pathology, operation note, and a baseline post-operative CT) have negligible risk of developing PMP and should have low intensity surveillance. If completely excised, further surgery is not indicated. R1 resections should be considered on an individual basis at a specialist centre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial effect of Photosensitized Nanoparticles, Diode Laser (DL), and Conventional and Sonic Irrigation Systems against Enterococcus faecalis in root canals – An in vitro Study. Materials and Methods: The root canals of 104 extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared, and E. faecalis was incubated in the root canals for 1 week. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 20): No treatment was done, sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) group (n = 20): Canals irrigated with5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl for 60 s, NaOCl and Endoactivator group (n = 20): Canals irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl for 60 s followed by activation of NaOCl with Endoactivator for 30 s, NaOCl and 910 nm DL group (n = 20): (1 W 5 times for 5 s) canals irrigation with5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl for 60 s followed by Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with 910 nm DL, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)/Indocyanine green (ICG)/DL group (n = 20): DL modified PDT with 5 min of irrigation with 5 mL AgNPs (100 ppm)/ICG/910 nm DL (200 mW, 30 s). A reduction in colony count was assessed by counting colony-forming units by Digital Colony Counter. Results: Significant reductions were noted in E. faecalis colony counts in all groups (P < 0.05). The greatest reduction in colony count (99.93%) was noted in the NaOCl and DL group followed by NaOCl and Endoactivator group; however, the differences in this respect between the AN/ICG/DL group and NaOCl group were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: NaOCl and 910 nm DL were more successful in reducing the number of E. faecalis colony counts followed by NaOCl and Endoactivator group but it can also be concluded that PDT with ICG, an 910 nm DL, and AgNPs has the potential to be used as an adjunct for disinfection of the root canal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]