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A dermoid cyst is a benign congenital lesion of ectodermal origin that can arise in any region of the body, though occurrence is rare. A young girl aged 2 years 4 months was referred to our hospital because of a painless mass in the floor of the mouth. Intraoral examination findings revealed a painless movable elastic soft mass on the floor of the mouth measuring approximately 15 mm in diameter. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated a cystic lesion, with low signal intensity shown in T1-weighted and extremely high signal intensity in T2-weighted images. These clinical findings indicated the presence of a dermoid cyst and removal was planned. Under general anesthesia with nasal intubation, surgical removal was performed through an incision on the floor of the mouth. Blunt dissection exposed the integrity of the cyst capsule, which was weakly attached to adjacent tissue. The excised mass was 19 mm × 14 mm × 11 mm in size. Histological examination findings confirmed a diagnosis of dermoid cyst. The operation was successfully completed without any complications and the postoperative course was good. It is important to properly evaluate cysts in children and provide proper treatment with appropriate timing.