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Cloud computing is a critical component in the success of 5G and 6G networks, particularly given the computation-intensive nature of emerging applications. Despite all it advantages, cloud computing faces limitations in meeting the strict latency and bandwidth requirements of applications such as eHealth and automotive systems. To overcome these limitations, edge computing has emerged as a novel paradigm that bring computation closer to the user. Moreover, intelligent tasks such as deep learning ones demand more memory and processing power than edge devices can handle. To address these challenges, methods like quantization, pruning, and distributed inference have been proposed. Similarly, this paper study a promising approach for running deep learning models at the edge: split neural networks (SNN). SNNs feature a neural network architecture with multiple early exit points, allowing the model to make confident decisions at earlier layers without processing the entire network. This not only reduces memory and computational demands but it also makes SNNs well-suited for edge computing applications. As the use of SNNs expands, ensuring their safety-particularly their robustness to perturbations-becomes crucial for deployment in safety-critical scenarios. This paper presents the first in-depth study on the robustness of split Edge Cloud neural networks. We review state-of-the-art robustness certification techniques and evaluate SNN robustness using the auto_LiRPA and Auto Attack libraries, comparing them to standard neural networks. Our results demonstrate that SNNs reduce average inference time by 75‘% and certify 4 to 10 times more images as robust, while improving overall robustness accuracy by 1% to 10%.

With the increasing stringent QoS constraints (e.g., latency, bandwidth, jitter) imposed by novel applications (e.g., e-Health, autonomous vehicles, smart cities, etc.), as well as the rapidly increasing number of connected IoT (Internet of Things) devices, the core network is becoming increasingly congested. To cope with those constraints, Edge Computing (EC) is emerging as an innovative computing paradigm that leverages Cloud computing and brings it closer to the customer. “EC” refers to transferring computing power and intelligence from the central Cloud to the network’s Edge. With that, EC promotes the idea of processing and caching data at the Edge, thus reducing network congestion and latency. This paper presents a detailed, thorough, and well-structured assessment of Edge Computing and its enabling technologies. Initially, we start by defining EC from the ground up, outlining its architectures and evolution from Cloudlets to Multi-Access Edge Computing. Next, we survey recent studies on the main cornerstones of an EC system, including resource management, computation offloading, data management, network management, etc. Besides, we emphasized EC technology enablers, starting with Edge Intelligence, the branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that integrates AI models at resource-constrained edge nodes with significant heterogeneity and mobility. Then, moving on to 5G and its empowering technologies, we explored how EC and 5G complement each other. After that, we studied virtualization and containerization as promising hosting runtime for edge applications. Further to that, we delineated a variety of EC use-case scenarios, e.g., smart cities, e-Health, military applications, etc. Finally, we concluded our survey by highlighting the role of EC integration with future concerns regarding green energy and standardization.