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Enterprises need intellectual property rights to protect their core knowledge, and technological diversification is an important strategic measure for enterprises to improve innovation performance. From the perspective of external resource acquisition, this study explores the mechanism of external knowledge acquisition capability (internal absorptive capability and external relational learning) on firm’s technological diversification. It considers the impact of firm’s innovation capability and external environmental uncertainty. The survey data of 258 Chinese pharmaceutical companies were obtained through questionnaire surveys, and various theoretical hypotheses were validated using regression analysis methods. The results show that internal absorptive capacity, external relational learning, and their interaction have a significant positive impact on technological diversification; the innovation capacity and the uncertainty of the external environment also affect enterprises’ technological diversification.

Climate change, which is mainly caused by carbon emissions, has attracted attention worldwide. With the continuous increase in temperature, the urban heat island effect, extreme weather, and water shortages have seriously affected the urbanization process. Through an empirical analysis of panel data from 28 provinces in China from 2006 to 2018, this study examines the impact of climate change-induced temperature changes on the urbanization of China’s population. The results show that the urbanization level has a significant double-threshold effect on the impact of temperature on urbanization. When the urbanization level crosses the corresponding threshold value, the negative impact of temperature on urbanization is relatively weak. Understanding the impact of climate change on urbanization has become increasingly important as climate warming increases. On the one hand, the climate issue has always been a topic of common concern around the world. On the other hand, studying how climate change affects population urbanization is conducive to identifying the human factors that affect climate change and proposing corresponding solutions. Simultaneously, it also provides a reference for optimizing the distribution of urban and rural populations, and can comprehensively consider the relationship between climate change and urbanization in the formulation and implementation of policies. On this basis, the Chinese government should strengthen financial support for climate change, play a leading role in policies, improve the urban layout and structure, and increase the resilience of cities to climate change.

China’s extensive growth since reforming and opening its economy has led to increased pollution, and under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Chinese companies must initiate green innovation to meet the world trend and enhance their international competitiveness. In addition, with institutional and cultural differences, policy drive is a key focus of China’s development. Therefore, China’s Energy Saving and Emission Reduction policy has its own necessity and characteristics as a mechanism for green innovation in enterprises. This study examines the impact of the 13th Five-Year Plan on green innovation from the perspective of the Energy Saving and Emission Reduction policy. First, the data of 100 listed enterprises in two control zones (TCZ) and non-two-control zones (non-TCZ) from 2014 to 2019 were selected to identify whether the implementation of the policy has an impact on the innovation of heavily polluting enterprises using the double-difference method (DID). The study found that the 13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction had a negative impact on the innovation of heavily polluting enterprises. Further, the study found that the policy had a negative impact on enterprises’ innovation through the transmission channel of increasing the environmental cost of enterprises, thus reducing investment in research and development (R&D). It is suggested that the state should start with the policy itself, identify its precise target, and formulate flexible environmental regulation policies.