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Objective: The present scoping review aimed to summarize and determine the accuracy of the variables and cutoff values reported to date for identifying fall risk in patients with stroke and identify the commonalities, limitations, and clinical implications., Methods: Articles published by the end of 2023 were searched using PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus electronic databases. Two reviewers created a search formula, searched the databases, and conducted primary and secondary screenings., Results: This review included 21 articles. The most commonly used individual indicator for identifying fall risk after stroke was the Berg Balance Scale; the cutoff values were relatively consistent, ranging between 46.5 and 50.5 points (area under the curve: 0.72-0.81). For the Timed Up and Go test and Falls Efficacy Scale-International, the cutoff values were in the range of 15-19 s and 27-29 points, respectively, and were relatively consistent across the articles. However, the area under the curve values were low (0.66-0.70 and 0.68-0.71, respectively)., Conclusion: Among various assessments, the Berg Balance Scale is the most extensively studied tool, with established cutoff values associated with falls risk. It serves as a reliable indicator for detecting fall risk, especially in community-dwelling individuals with chronic stroke.

Introduction Renal disease is commonly suspected in patients with proteinuria. Renal biopsy might be considered based on the patient's clinical history and the results of diagnostic tests. However, as orthostatic proteinuria is benign and requires no treatment, it is important to obtain a diagnosis without renal biopsy whenever possible. Therefore, up to now, for the diagnosis of orthostatic proteinuria, in addition to resting urinalysis evaluation (disappearance of proteinuria), we have performed the lordosis load test and urine biochemistry of the samples showing peak proteinuria in a lordosis load test. Method We retrospectively enrolled all patients who visited the pediatric department and underwent the lordosis load test at Kanazawa Medical Center between 2011 and 2020. In the present study, samples with the highest concentrations of protein after the lordosis load test were subjected to general urinary biochemistry and urinary sediment analysis. Patients were followed up with the lordosis load test for several years. Results Enrolled in the study were 68 patients with OP. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 11.5 years (range, six to 16 years). General urinary tests, urinary sediment, and urinary biochemistry including N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alpha1-microglobulin(α1MG), and beta 2-microglobulin (β2MG) were normal in all patients with orthostatic proteinuria except one case who was a premature baby. Conclusion If proteinuria disappears after two hours of rest, and urinary biochemistry of the samples showing peak proteinuria in the lordosis load test is normal, orthostatic proteinuria can be diagnosed more accurately., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Review Board of Kanazawa Medical Center issued approval Protocol number: R04-047. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Tasaki et al.)

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of combined exercise and nutrition interventions on physical function and quality of life (QOL) in patients with acute leukemia or malignant lymphoma (ML) during inpatient chemotherapy. The study was a randomized controlled trial where patients with acute leukemia or ML who were receiving inpatient chemotherapy and exercise therapy were divided into an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG). Both groups underwent resistance training and aerobic exercise. The patients in the IG were instructed to take nutritional supplements twice a day. Assessment items were muscle strength (handgrip strength and knee extension strength), 6-min walking test, skeletal muscle mass, QOL, nutritional status, and fatigue. Two-way analysis of variance showed a significant interaction for bilateral handgrip strength and knee extension strength. No significant interactions were found for the other items. The results of the present study showed improved muscle strength in the IG compared to the CG, indicating the effectiveness of combined exercise and nutrition interventions during inpatient chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia or ML.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of motivation on independence in activities of daily living, such as eating, getting up, and rehabilitation, in subacute stroke patients., Materials and Methods: We retrospectively assessed the data of 191 first-stroke patients in a rehabilitation hospital ward. Motivation was examined using the following five elements of the Vitality Index: waking pattern, communication, feeding, on and off toilet, and rehabilitation and other activities. As an outcome measure, independence in activities of daily living, such as eating and dressing, was assessed using the Barthel Index. Logistic regression analysis was performed using the independence of each activities of daily living, as determined by the Barthel Index at discharge, as a dependent variable and each of the Vitality Index item scores as the independent variable., Results: Motivation to get up item of the Vitality Index was significantly associated with independence in grooming and dressing, whereas motivation to communicate item was significantly associated with independence in transferring ( p  < 0.05). Furthermore, motivation to eat item was significantly associated with independence in feeding, grooming, dressing, and transferring, whereas motivation to engage in rehabilitation and activities was significantly associated with independence in dressing, transferring, and toileting ( p  < 0.05)., Conclusions: Our results suggest that the motivation to eat, get up, communicate, and participate in rehabilitation and activities is associated with independence in different activities of daily living. The present study provides useful insights into the significance and interpretation of assessing motivation on independence in activities of daily living.

The various assessments performed by rehabilitation professionals not only indicate the patient's current functional status but can also help determine the future status (prediction) or the ability to perform untested tasks (discrimination). In particular, the cutoff values are the simplest predictive and discriminative tool that can be widely used in clinical practice. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the current literature on cutoff values of motor and cognitive function for predicting or discriminating levels of activities of daily living after stroke. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. The creation of the search criteria, primary screening of titles and abstract, and secondary screening by full-text review were performed by two rehabilitation professionals. A total of 54 articles were included. The summary of the cutoff values for prediction based on longitudinal studies revealed that an NIHSS score ≤8 and mRMI score ≥19 at acute hospitalization can predict good functional independence and walking independence, respectively, indicating reliable cutoff values. Cutoff values for predicting specific ADLs, such as toilet use or dressing, were not reported, which was a potential research gap identified in this review. Alternatively, the summary of the cutoff values for discrimination based on cross-sectional studies revealed that 288-367.5 m on the 6-min walk test and 25.5-27.6 points on the FMA-LL can discriminate community and noncommunity walkers. Considering the difference between prediction and discrimination, the reliable predicted cutoff values revealed in this review are useful for planning an intervention based on early prediction. Conversely, cutoff values for discrimination can estimate different performances with simpler test, or use as target values during rehabilitation., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Left ventricular longitudinal function can be rapidly evaluated by measuring S' and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) using tissue Doppler imaging. Even when the image quality is poor and the left ventricular endocardium is not visible, S' and MAPSE can be measured if the mitral annulus is visible. However, the utility of S' and MAPSE in diagnosing cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic performance of S' and MAPSE and determine appropriate cutoff values., Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 279 breast cancer patients who underwent pre- or postoperative chemotherapy with anthracyclines and trastuzumab from April 2020 to November 2022. We compared echocardiographic data before chemotherapy, 6 months after chemotherapy initiation, and 1 year later. CTRCD was defined as a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction below 50%, with a decrease of ≥10% from baseline or a relative decrease in left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) of ≥15%., Results: A total of 256 participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 50.2 ± 11 years. Fifty-six individuals (22%) developed CTRCD within 1 year after starting chemotherapy. The cutoff value for septal S' was 6.85 cm/s (AUC = .81, p < .001; sensitivity 74%; specificity 73%), and for MAPSE was 11.7 mm (AUC = .65, p = .02; sensitivity 79%; specificity 45%). None of the cases with septal S' exceeding 6.85 cm/s had an LVGLS of ≤15%., Conclusions: Septal S' is a useful indicator for diagnosing CTRCD., Highlights: Septal S' decreased at the same time or earlier than the decrease in LVGLS. The septal S' demonstrated higher diagnostic ability for CTRCD compared to LVGLS., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

This study aimed to investigate changes in hand sensation (finger tactile threshold and two-point discrimination) and function in patients with malignant lymphoma, particularly during the early stages of chemotherapy with vincristine. Eighteen patients with malignant lymphoma were enrolled in this study. Data on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0, the visual analog scale for hand numbness, the Semmes Weinstein monofilament test, static and moving two-point discrimination (2PD), grip strength, pinch strength, and the Purdue Pegboard test were collected at 3 time points: before the start of chemotherapy (T0), after the first cycle of chemotherapy (T1), and after the second cycle of chemotherapy (T2). No significant changes were observed in Semmes Weinstein monofilament test at T0, T1, or T2 in either hand. However, the static 2PD was significantly worse for the right ring, little, and left middle fingers, whereas the moving 2PD was significantly worse for the right ring, left index, middle, and ring fingers. Furthermore, the visual analog scale scores for hand numbness and left-hand grip strength worsened significantly. Right-hand grip strength, pinch strength of both hands, and Purdue Pegboard test showed no significant deterioration. Chemotherapy with vincristine may affect hand sensation and function in patients with malignant lymphoma by exacerbating finger 2PD and hand numbness. Additionally, during the early stages of vincristine chemotherapy, it is important to monitor for a decrease in grip strength specifically in the left hand., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Objectives: This study aimed to clarify whether phase angle can be a predictor of walking independence in older women with vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and to determine a clinically usable cutoff value., Methods: We retrospectively assessed data of older women (n=59; median age, 83.0 years) with VCFs. Propensity score-matching and logistic regression were performed to examine the association between phase angle at admission and walking independence at discharge. The cutoff value for the phase angle at admission for predicting walking independence was calculated based on the receiver operating characteristic curve., Results: Thirty-one patients (52.5%) could walk independently at discharge. Thirty patients were extracted from the independent and non-independent groups according to the propensity score. After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference between the groups for age, medical history, knee extension strength, skeletal muscle mass index, mini nutritional assessment-short form score, or revised Hasegawa's dementia scale score. However, the phase angle of the independent group was significantly higher than that of the non-independent group (P<0.05). Logistic regression revealed that phase angle at admission was significantly associated with walking independence at discharge (odds ratio, 12.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-72.0; P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.868, and the calculated phase angle cutoff value was 3.55°., Conclusions: This study revealed that the phase angle can predict walking independence in older women with VCFs. The cutoff values for women calculated in this study can be used as a simple and objective predictive index of walking independence., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (2024 The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine.)

The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and phase angle (PhA), and to examine whether PhA cutoff values can be used to identify sarcopenia in patients with hematologic malignancies. The study population comprised 108 patients with hematologic malignancies who were admitted for chemotherapy, and were undergoing rehabilitation for exercise therapy. The diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia were determined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Muscle strength, endurance, and body composition (including PhA), were assessed. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to investigate associations between sarcopenia and PhA, and to determine cutoff values. Sarcopenia was found in 17.6% of the participants. PhA was significantly associated with sarcopenia ( p  < 0.01). The areas under the curve were 0.84 for the males and 0.87 for the females, and the cutoff values were 4.75° for the males (sensitivity 69%, specificity 83%) and 3.95° for the females (sensitivity 78%, specificity 85%). Our results suggest that PhA, which can be measured noninvasively, objectively, and rapidly, can be used as a screening tool for sarcopenia in patients with hematologic malignancies.

An intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction with enantioenriched N-C axially chiral N -allyl- N -(2-alkynylphenyl)sulfonamide derivatives proceeded with complete chirality transfer from axial chirality ( P configuration) to central chirality ( R configuration), affording chiral nitrogen-containing tricyclic compounds (tetrahydrocyclopentaquinolin-2-one derivatives).

In this study, we developed a new approach for the solid-phase synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) using nucleobase-unprotected oxazaphospholidine derivatives. We tackled the problem of the difficult purification of N -unprotected monomers due to their high affinity to silica gel by introducing a tetrahydrogeranyl group into the oxazaphospholidine monomers, thereby enhancing the lipophilicity and facilitating the isolation. In addition, the cyclic structure of oxazaphospholidine enabled a hydroxy-group-selective condensation with sufficient efficiency. Unmodified and boranophosphate/phosphate chimeric ODNs were successfully synthesized using this strategy. This synthetic method can be expected to afford ODNs containing base-labile functional groups.

Objectives: Little attention has been paid to the relationship between balance function and bathing independence. This research aimed to determine the degree of balance function needed by patients with stroke and patients with hip fracture (hereinafter referred to as patients with stroke and hip fracture) to bathe independently., Methods: Retrospective data analysis was performed on 59 patients with hip fracture and 201 patients with stroke. Logistic regression was performed to determine whether bathing independence was associated with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in patients with stroke and hip fracture. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to calculate cutoff values., Results: The BBS was significantly associated with bathing independence in patients with stroke and hip fracture. The calculated BBS cutoff value was 48 points for those with stroke (sensitivity, 84.7%; specificity, 79.1%) and 43 points for those with hip fracture (sensitivity, 81.3%; specificity, 77.8%)., Conclusions: Balance function was independently associated with bathing independence. The level of balance function required for bathing independence may be lower for patients with hip fracture than for those with stroke. This could be a simple and useful indicator for rehabilitation professionals to interpret BBS results when conducting bathing interventions., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests., (2023 The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine.)

Quantum frequency conversion (QFC), which involves the exchange of frequency modes of photons, is a prerequisite for quantum interconnects among various quantum systems, primarily those based on telecom photonic network infrastructures. Compact and fiber-closed QFC modules are in high demand for such applications. In this paper, we report such a QFC module based on a fiber-coupled 4-port frequency converter with a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. The demonstrated QFC shifted the wavelength of a single photon from 780 to 1541 nm. The single photon was prepared via spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) with heralding photon detection, for which the cross-correlation function was 40.45 ± 0.09. The observed cross-correlation function of the photon pairs had a nonclassical value of 13.7 ± 0.4 after QFC at the maximum device efficiency of 0.73, which preserved the quantum statistical property. Such an efficient QFC module is useful for interfacing atomic systems and fiber-optic communication.

Background: The effect of combined risk factors on breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) development has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to determine the combination of risk factors associated with BCRL development in patients who underwent breast cancer resection, including axillary lymph node dissection (ALND)., Methods: The participants included 129 women who were diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer and underwent breast cancer resection in this retrospective observational study. We performed a decision tree analysis to detect the combination of risk factors associated with BCRL development using age, body mass index (BMI), surgical side, mastectomy, the extent of ALND, and adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiation therapy)., Results: Of the 129 participants, 11 (8.5%) developed BCRL. Postoperative chemotherapy was the optimal variable selected to classify patients who developed BCRL and those who did not. In participants with postoperative chemotherapy, the extent of ALND was selected as the second layer of the decision tree. When ALND was at level 3, BMI was selected as the third layer. We found that BCRL incidence was 44.4% in individuals with a BMI of 23.0 or higher., Conclusions: The combination of postoperative chemotherapy, level 3 ALND, and BMI of 23.0 or higher may further increase the risk of developing BCRL. The decision tree model will enable the identification of patients with a high risk of developing BCRL, and thus, preventive intervention, careful monitoring, and early treatment will be possible., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japanese Breast Cancer Society.)

This study investigates the efficacy of and gender differences in exercise therapy in patients with malignant lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy. Twenty-six patients (13 men, 13 women) received physical therapy (based on the Borg Scale 13) during hospitalization. Physical function was measured using grip and knee extension strength, 6-minute walking distance, and body composition; nutritional status assessed via Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®); and serum albumin levels analyzed. Fatigue was evaluated using the Brief Fatigue Inventory, and health-related quality of life was assessed with the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36v2). The analysis of all patients indicated that the right grip strength, skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle index, and leg muscle mass significantly decreased, whereas the serum albumin level, MNA® score, and scores of many items of the SF-36v2 significantly increased after chemotherapy. In a gender-specific analysis, only men showed significant declines in the skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle index, and improvement in the MNA® score after chemotherapy. In the SF-36v2, there were significant improvements in general health and physical component summary scores among men, and general health and mental component summary scores among women. Exercise therapy at a Borg Scale intensity of 13 may not prevent muscle mass decline in patients with malignant lymphoma, especially male patients. In addition, this study revealed that there is a gender difference in the effect of exercise therapy on quality of life. Thus, gender should be considered in exercise therapy for patients with malignant lymphoma., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise therapy on physical function and quality of life (QOL) in older patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing inpatient chemotherapy, including differences between patients with and without sarcopenia., Methods: Thirty-one inpatients aged 70 years or older participated in this study. Grip and knee extensor strength, 6-minute walking test, body composition, nutritional status, fatigue and health-related QOL at admission and discharge were compared. In addition, the patients were classified into sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups, and a comparison between admission and discharge and 2-way ANOVA were performed., Results: Overall, grip strength and skeletal muscle mass were significantly lower at discharge than at admission ( P < .05); however, QOL significantly improved ( P < .05). In the non-sarcopenia group, grip strength, right knee extension muscle strength, and skeletal muscle mass were all significantly lower at discharge than at admission ( P < .05); however, this was not the case in the sarcopenia group. In terms of QOL, improvements were observed in different items in the non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia groups. There was a significant interaction between admission to discharge time period and sarcopenia regarding left grip strength, right knee extensor strength, and QOL., Conclusion: Exercise therapy is effective in improving QOL in older non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients undergoing inpatient chemotherapy. However, the effect of exercise therapy and optimal exercise load may differ between non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia patients. Therefore, it is necessary to consider exercise therapy in the future, taking into account the presence or absence of sarcopenia., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Recently, catalytic enantioselective syntheses of N-C axially chiral compounds have been reported by many groups. Most N-C axially chiral compounds prepared through a catalytic asymmetric reaction possess carboxamide or nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle skeletons. On the other hand, although N-C axially chiral sulfonamide derivatives are known, their catalytic enantioselective synthesis is relatively underexplored. We found that the reaction (Tsuji-Trost allylation) of allyl acetate with secondary sulfonamides bearing a 2-arylethynyl-6-methylphenyl group on the nitrogen atom proceeds with good enantioselectivity (up to 92% ee) in the presence of ( S , S )-Trost ligand-(allyl-PdCl) 2 catalyst, affording rotationally stable N-C axially chiral N -allylated sulfonamides. Furthermore, the absolute stereochemistry of the major enantiomer was determined by X-ray single crystal structural analysis and the origin of the enantioselectivity was considered.

This study was aimed at determining the cutoff values of activities of daily living (ADL) and the combination of related factors associated with high caregiver burden that induces depression among caregivers. The study participants included 50 pairs of home-based rehabilitation users and their primary caregivers. They were classified into two groups: high-burden and low-burden groups according to the short version of the Japanese version of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview score of ≥13 or ≤12, respectively. The cutoff values of ADL and the combination of related factors associated with high caregiver burden were examined using the receiver operating characteristic curve and decision tree analyses. The cutoff value associated with high caregiver burden was 5 points for the controlling bladder item of the Barthel index (BI) (sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 70%). Regarding the decision tree, the controlling bladder item of BI (≤5 or 10 points) was selected as the first layer and the recipient's age (≤78 or ≥79 years) as the second layer. High caregiver burden was identified in 85.7% of the caregivers in whom the score of controlling bladder of BI was ≤5 points and the patient was aged ≤78 years. A score of ≤5 points for the controlling bladder item of BI along with young recipient age was associated with high caregiver burden that induces depression among caregivers. This approach is useful to identify caregivers with high caregiver burden who are at risk for depression., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article., (Copyright © 2022 Takuro Ohashi et al.)

Optical parametric amplification in the range of 1.3-1.8 µm was demonstrated by using a periodically poled LiNbO 3 (PPLN) waveguide as a nonlinear medium by varying the detuning of the pump wavelength. A wide range of detuning was enabled by using a multiple-quasi-phase-matched (M-QPM) LiNbO 3 waveguide for pump generation through second harmonic generation (SHG) and temperature control of the PPLN waveguide. Broadband optical amplification and wavelength conversion through difference frequency generation (DFG) are considered useful for widening the bandwidth of optical communication.

[Purpose] The relationship between quality of life and life-space mobility in community-dwelling older adults has recently been reported. The present study aimed to elucidate this relationship in home-based rehabilitation users with limited life-space mobility and loss of independence in activities of daily living. [Participants and Methods] The study population comprised 33 home-based rehabilitation users. The participants were expected to have a wide range of the level of independence in activities of daily living; therefore, they were categorized into three groups according to the Barthel Index score: independent (95-100 points), moderately disabled (90-65 points), and severely disabled (60-0 points) groups. We examined the relationships among the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale, Life-Space Assessment, and Barthel Index scores and age. [Results] We detected a strong positive correlation between the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and Life-Space Assessment scores in the independent group; however, no significant correlations were observed in the moderately and severely disabled groups. [Conclusion] Our findings suggest a relationship between subjective well-being and life-space mobility in home-based rehabilitation users who are mostly independent in activities of daily living. However, owing to the small sample size and characteristics of the scales used in this study, further studies are warranted to verify these results., (2022©by the Society of Physical Therapy Science. Published by IPEC Inc.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in muscle strength, muscle mass, balance function, and quality of life (QOL) among middle-aged breast cancer survivors (BCSs) and older BCSs., Methods: The study included 53 middle-aged (<65 years old) BCSs and 49 older (≥65 years old) BCSs. Muscle strength was evaluated via handgrip and knee extensor strength, and muscle mass was assessed using a body composition test. Balance function was assessed using the Timed Up and Go test and the body sway test. QOL was assessed using the Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey., Results: The older BCSs had significantly lower right grip strength, right knee extension strength, and muscle mass ( P  < .05) than the middle-aged BCSs. In addition, the body sway test showed that older BCSs had a significant increase in the length of center of pressure compared to middle-aged BCSs ( P  < .05). Older BCSs showed significantly lower physical functioning subscales in QOL compared to middle-aged BCSs ( P  < .05). The associations among muscle strength, muscle mass and QOL were more significantly observed in the older BCSs ( P  < .05). Furthermore, a significant correlation between QOL and balance function was observed in the older BCSs, but not in the middle-aged BCSs ( P  < .05)., Conclusion: There may be associations among muscle strength, muscle mass, balance and QOL in older BCSs, but not in middle-aged BCSs. We believe that the findings of this study will be relevant in the context of planning rehabilitation for older BCSs.

Objective: Previous studies have reported the relationship between nutritional status and gait independence in elderly fracture patients. However, the degree to which nutritional indicators are related to gait independence is unclear. The purpose of this study is to calculate a cutoff value for a nutritional indicator related to gait independence in patients with hip and vertebral compression fractures., Method: This study included 69 patients (33 hip fracture, 36 vertebral compression fracture) who underwent rehabilitation at a convalescent rehabilitation ward. The relationships between nutritional indexes (Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form [MNA Ⓡ -SF] and skeletal muscle mass index [SMI] ) at admission and gait independence at discharge were analyzed using logistic regression. In addition, receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to calculate a cutoff value that predicts gait independence., Results: Among the nutritional indicators used in this study, only MNA Ⓡ -SF was significantly able to predict gait independence at discharge, and this association was maintained, even after adjustment for confounders. The calculated MNA Ⓡ -SF cutoff values were 5.5 (sensitivity 100%, specificity 46.3%) and 7.5 points (sensitivity 67.9%, specificity 78.0%)., Conclusion: This study suggests that MNA Ⓡ -SF may be an index for predicting gait independence in patients with hip or vertebral compression fractures in the convalescent rehabilitation ward. The cutoff values calculated in this study were simple and useful index for physical therapists to interpret the results of MNA Ⓡ -SF., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest associated with this manuscript., (2022, JAPANESE PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOCIATION.)