Search

Changes in oceanographic conditions can affect species distribution in marine habitats. Global climate change may negatively influence the oceanographic factor-species distribution relationship. Here, we assessed the influence of oceanographic conditions on chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) distribution in northeastern Taiwan by constructing and using a habitat ensemble model incorporating chub mackerel fishery, climatic oscillation, and oceanography data. Our results indicated that the chub mackerel catch was mainly influenced by the Western Pacific Oscillation. Moreover, sea-surface height and mixed-layer depth exerted the most and least significant effects on chub mackerel distribution, respectively. The chub mackerel catch rate peaked in the study area with a sea-surface temperature of 29 °C, sea-surface chlorophyll of 0.25 mg/m 3 , sea-surface salinity of 33.7 psμ, and SSH of 0.575 m. Chub mackerel was the most widely distributed in the area between 25°N, 120.5°E and 26.2°N, 121.5°E. Our findings can be used to develop critical adaptation plans for managing chub mackerel fisheries in the northeastern waters of Taiwan. Considering changing climate conditions globally, the incorporation of this knowledge into managerial strategies may aid decision-makers in protecting not only other ocean fisheries but also individuals dependent on them., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Omic BON is a thematic Biodiversity Observation Network under the Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), focused on coordinating the observation of biomolecules in organisms and the environment. Our founding partners include representatives from national, regional, and global observing systems; standards organizations; and data and sample management infrastructures. By coordinating observing strategies, methods, and data flows, Omic BON will facilitate the co-creation of a global omics meta-observatory to generate actionable knowledge. Here, we present key elements of Omic BON's founding charter and first activities., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press GigaScience.)

Biodiversity underlies ecosystem resilience, ecosystem function, sustainable economies, and human well-being. Understanding how biodiversity sustains ecosystems under anthropogenic stressors and global environmental change will require new ways of deriving and applying biodiversity data. A major challenge is that biodiversity data and knowledge are scattered, biased, collected with numerous methods, and stored in inconsistent ways. The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) has developed the Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) as fundamental metrics to help aggregate, harmonize, and interpret biodiversity observation data from diverse sources. Mapping and analyzing EBVs can help to evaluate how aspects of biodiversity are distributed geographically and how they change over time. EBVs are also intended to serve as inputs and validation to forecast the status and trends of biodiversity, and to support policy and decision making. Here, we assess the feasibility of implementing Genetic Composition EBVs (Genetic EBVs), which are metrics of within-species genetic variation. We review and bring together numerous areas of the field of genetics and evaluate how each contributes to global and regional genetic biodiversity monitoring with respect to theory, sampling logistics, metadata, archiving, data aggregation, modeling, and technological advances. We propose four Genetic EBVs: (i) Genetic Diversity; (ii) Genetic Differentiation; (iii) Inbreeding; and (iv) Effective Population Size (N e ). We rank Genetic EBVs according to their relevance, sensitivity to change, generalizability, scalability, feasibility and data availability. We outline the workflow for generating genetic data underlying the Genetic EBVs, and review advances and needs in archiving genetic composition data and metadata. We discuss how Genetic EBVs can be operationalized by visualizing EBVs in space and time across species and by forecasting Genetic EBVs beyond current observations using various modeling approaches. Our review then explores challenges of aggregation, standardization, and costs of operationalizing the Genetic EBVs, as well as future directions and opportunities to maximize their uptake globally in research and policy. The collection, annotation, and availability of genetic data has made major advances in the past decade, each of which contributes to the practical and standardized framework for large-scale genetic observation reporting. Rapid advances in DNA sequencing technology present new opportunities, but also challenges for operationalizing Genetic EBVs for biodiversity monitoring regionally and globally. With these advances, genetic composition monitoring is starting to be integrated into global conservation policy, which can help support the foundation of all biodiversity and species' long-term persistence in the face of environmental change. We conclude with a summary of concrete steps for researchers and policy makers for advancing operationalization of Genetic EBVs. The technical and analytical foundations of Genetic EBVs are well developed, and conservation practitioners should anticipate their increasing application as efforts emerge to scale up genetic biodiversity monitoring regionally and globally., (© 2022 The Authors. Biological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behlaf of Cambridge Philosophical Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.)