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Palliative care focuses on improving the quality of life for people with serious illnesses and their loved ones. This article introduces considerations including barriers to care, intersectionality, minority stress, microaggressions, and social safety that may impact the experience and openness of people to receive this care. The authors outline tools to address these challenges including trauma-informed care and how to recognize bias and earn trust. The authors conclude by offering a model for incorporating these assessments and tools with sample scripts to provide patient-centered and holistic palliative care., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have no disclosures., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the histologic contents of the salpingopharyngeal fold. The primary objective was to observe the presence of salpingopharyngeus (SP) muscle fibers, particularly at the section near the muscle origin at the torus tubarius (TT)., Method: Histologic samples of the salpingopharyngeal fold from 10 cadavers (six females and four males) were analyzed. Following a head bisection, a tissue sample measuring 5 mm in length along the course of the salpingopharyngeal fold was collected from one side (i.e., right or left). The tissue sample was taken from the estimated base of the TT to a point 5 mm inferiorly. Slides were prepared using a standard histological approach and basic pathological staining and analyzed via bright-field microscopy., Results: Skeletal muscle fibers were identified in eight of the 10 tissue blocks of the salpingopharyngeal fold, with dense connective tissue identified in the remaining two tissue blocks. Glandular material was also identified in all 10 tissue blocks., Conclusions: Skeletal muscle fibers and/or dense connective tissue can be consistently identified in the section of the salpingopharyngeal fold near the TT. Glandular material is also consistently present in this same region of the salpingopharyngeal fold. These findings are discussed in relation to possible functional roles of the salpingopharyngeal fold contents, including the SP muscle.

Collaborative learning is a teaching method that brings together students to discuss a topic important for a given course or curriculum and solve a related problem or create a product. By doing this, learners create knowledge together and gain 21 st -century skills such as communication, critical thinking, decision making, leadership and conflict management. Universities had to close their campuses and turn their education fully online in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which created a forced step in the evolution of the digitalisation of collaborative teaching. How did TU Delft face this challenge? How did the students experience the online version of collaborative learning? How did distant learning affect their motivation? This article presents four student team projects investigating these questions from the collaborative learning perspective. One of the significant findings of these projects is the lack of socio-emotional interactions during online collaborative work. We present a few guidelines on how to enable these interactions when designing online or blended collaborative education., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Author(s).)