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Objective: Due to their affordability and availability, rodents are the most often employed experimental animals to explore disease mechanisms. Rats and mice's resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection is impeding a worldwide effort to study the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Our aim was to develop a suitable small animal model of COVID-19 disease to investigate mechanisms of brain and lung inflammation. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered intraperitoneally to wildtype (WT) and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 knockout (ACE2KO) mice of the C57BI/6 strain in order to mimic the cytokine storm that results from COVID-19. Since the SARS‐CoV‐2 utilizes human ACE2 as the receptor for entry with subsequent downregulation of ACE2, these mice deficient in ACE2 gene may have a similar mechanism observed in COVID‐19 patients. We selected a minimal dose (500ug/kg) and time period (3h) when several cytokines were elevated to determine the severity of lung injury using a point-counting method on tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The data are expressed as a mean percentage of grid points located in the superficial and peribronchial area in up to 20 fields. Congestion, neutrophil infiltration, percentage of peribronchial and superficial intrapulmonary hemorrhage and alveolar space area were all assessed. Results: To see the effect of LPS, WT mice (WT-G) were injected with a minimal dose of LPS (WT LPS-G). We observed a much larger percentage of peribronchial intrapulmonary hemorrhage in WT LPS-G compared to WT-G [(%): WT LPS-G, 12.3±1.8 vs. WT-G, 6.67±1.3; p TL1TR001431 This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Concepción, Chile, es la segunda área metropolitana más relevante del país, dentro de la cual se ubica el Parque Nacional Nonguén. En ese espacio se localizan asentamientos humanos cerca del curso de agua que atraviesa el valle. Los desastres a escala local son una preocupación de dichas comunidades. Como consecuencia del cambio climático, la biodiversidad del Valle Nonguén está amenazada por riesgos de inundaciones, remoción de masas e incendios forestales. Estos últimos han tenido importantes incrementos en el centro sur de Chile en los últimos años. En esta investigación se propone interpretar los alcances de la gobernanza local de riesgo de desastres desde la visión de líderes locales de Nonguén. Para ello, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 18 dirigentes comunitarios. Los resultados muestran las percepciones comunitarias sobre el desastre y las condiciones espaciales del territorio para la gobernanza de riesgos de desastres a escala local, específicamente frente al cambio climático. Se concluye que en Nonguén la participación y el empoderamiento de las comunidades es clave para promover una gobernanza local que observe los riesgos frente al cambio climático. Se trata de un problema político y técnico, que tiende a proyectarse de modo recurrente y problemático en áreas metropolitanas de países en vías de desarrollo.

PurposeThis article analyzes biopolitical strategies for the recovery of neoliberal normality in urban areas affected by earthquakes in 1985, 2010 and 2015 in Chile (intensity >8.0Mw).Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative design research. In total, 198 semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven focus groups. The data were processed in search of discursive threads, guided by the categories contained in the analysis and those arising from the interview transcripts.FindingsResults describe three clusters of discursive threads: disruption of normality, strategies of disaster biopolitics and narratives on the recovery of normality in the medium to long term. In the analyzed cases, disaster biopolitics entered domestic and community spaces to govern life; while the aim was to safeguard lives, it also sought to ensure the continuity of the neoliberal regime. The disaster biopolitics used the exception to normalize, constructing subjectivity and memory around the idea of catastrophes.Research limitations/implicationsThe qualitative design can be used in sudden and extreme situations, but it is not possible to anticipate similar results in other kind of disasters (e.g. drought).Social implicationsThis study wants to contribute a political vision about disasters by describing the process of restoring order, which follows highly destructive disasters, by demonstrating that in Chile, the biopolitical exception was key to returning to neoliberal normality.Originality/valueThe findings can help improve emergency responses and propose the necessity of political contextualization in post-disaster recovery processes.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the one of the most frequent and deadly cancer worldwide. The regulation mediated by the N6methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase protein called FTO in CRC is quite controversial. As previously studied in obesity and food intake, currently is being linked to stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, chemotherapy resistance and proliferation in colon cancer cells, however, its localization and function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and how it connects with progression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate FTO protein in tumor and healthy corresponding tissue from 22 colorectal cancer patients with different histological TNM stages (hTNM) by immunohistochemistry and multiple immunofluorescence analysis; classifying the tumor and stromal FTO localization and associating this data with clinical and histopathological features. As for content, the frequency of FTO+ cells in stromal compartments increases in more invasive stages compared to non-tumor tissue and in tumors with low desmoplasia. Regarding to localization, FTO is mostly nuclear and present in the lamina propria cells in non-tumor tissues and in immune and fibro-immune compartments in the TME, such as T cells, cancer associated fibroblasts and macrophages. In tumor cells, the percentage of FTO+ cells increase in early carcinogenic stages (hTNM I vs healthy tissue) and in moderately differentiated tumors. In addition, nuclear FTO expression increases in normal T cells and fibroblasts with a particular pattern after exposure for 24h to a colon adenocarcinoma cell-derived conditioned media, suggesting FTO activity in the TME interaction following a paracrine signal. In conclusion, the increase of the FTO protein in both tumor and stroma from CRC suggests its participation mediating TME communication. Citation Format: Glauben T. Landskron-Ramos, Antonia L. Domínguez-Beltrando, Mauricio Zambra-Rojas, Antonella Sanguineti, Gonzalo Vasquez, Marjorie De la Fuente, Daniela Simian, Silvana Valdebenito-Silva, Juan Saavedra, Solange Gouet, Ricardo Soto-Rifo, Daniela Sauma, Eliseo Eugenin, Mario Abedrapo, Marcela A. Hermoso, Marcela A. Hermoso. Novel potential role of m6A-demethylase FTO (fat mass and obesity) protein in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1251.

This article examines the way in which the 2010 earthquake affected the everyday life of witnesses of this disaster in the southern part of Chile. There were applied 32 in-depth interviews to direct witnesses. There are 3 categories in the path of post-disaster everyday life: rupture, recovery and reconstitution. The results show the witnesses’ quality as biopolitical actors in everyday life in a neoliberal context and the use of biopolitical strategies to produce normality in the frame of this socio-political regime. The shared experience after disaster does not allow to remove the backgrounds in which neoliberal everyday life happens., Este artículo examina el modo en que el terremoto de 2010 afectó la vida cotidiana de testigos de este desastre en el sur de Chile. Se realizaron 32 entrevistas en profundidad a testigos directos en las localidades afectadas. Se categorizan tres momentos en la trayectoria de la cotidianidad posdesastre: ruptura, recuperación y reconstitución. Los resultados discuten la cualidad de los testigos como actores de la cotidianidad, en un contexto neoliberal y de utilización de estrategias biopolíticas para producir normalidad en el marco de este régimen sociopolítico. La experiencia compartida tras el desastre no logra remover los sustratos en los que transcurre la cotidianidad neoliberal.

The possibility of early soybean fertilization carried out on the predecessor crop has several benefits, mainly operational ones, making the production system more conservationist and balanced. An experiment was carried out at the Anhumas Experimental Station, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ESALQ), located in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, during 2001/2002, 2002/2003, and 2003/2004 agricultural years on a typic Hapludox aiming to evaluate the effects of the early fertilization on soybean yield. The fertilization consisted of applying 90 kg ha−1 of P2O5, 50 kg ha−1 of K2O, and micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and 12 treatments consisting of different levels of early soybean fertilization carried out on the finger millet crop: T1, no fertilization; T2, conventional soybean fertilization; T3, early 50% K fertilization; T4, early 100% K fertilization; T5, early 50% P fertilization; T6, early 50% P and K fertilization; T7, early 50% P and 100% K fertilization; T8, early 100% P fertilization; T9, early 100% P and 50% K fertilization; T10, early 100% P and K fertilization; T11, early 100% P and K fertilization + micronutrients; and T12, early leaf fertilization with micronutrients. The results showed that the early soybean sowing fertilization with phosphorus and potassium carried out during finger millet sowing does not interfere with the thousand-seed weight and soybean yield. RESUMO A possibilidade da antecipação da adubação da soja em uma cultura antecessora traz inúmeros benefícios, principalmente, operacionais e colabora para que o sistema de produção seja mais conservacionista e equilibrado. Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da adubação antecipada sobre a produtividade da cultura da soja foi conduzido o presente experimento na Estação Experimental Anhumas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (USP/ESALQ), em Piracicaba-SP, nos anos agrícolas 2001/2002, 2002/2003 e 2003/2004, em Latossolo Amarelo distrófico. A adubação consistiu da aplicação de 90 kg ha−1de P2O5, 50 kg ha−1 de K2O e de micronutrientes (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo e Zn). O experimento adotou delineamento em blocos completos casualizados com três repetições e 12 tratamentos que consistiram em diferentes níveis de antecipação da adubação da soja para a cultura do capim-pé-de-galinha: T1= nenhuma adubação; T2= adubação convencional na soja; T3= antecipação de 50% de K; T4= antecipação de 100% de K; T5= antecipação de 50% de P; T6= antecipação de 50% de P e K; T7= antecipação de 50% de P e 100 % de K; T8= antecipação de 100% de P; T9= antecipação de 100% de P e 50% de K; T10= antecipação de 100% de P e K; T11= antecipação de 100% de P e K + micronutrientes; T12= antecipação da adubação foliar com micronutrientes. Conclui-se que a antecipação da adubação de semeadura com fósforo e potássio da cultura da soja para a semeadura do capim-pé-de-galinha não interfere com a massa de mil sementes e nem com a produtividade agrícola da soja.

The article analyzes the contexts and specificities of post-disaster social work intervention based on the testimonies of social workers who participated in the recovery and normalization processes after the earthquakes of 1985, 2010, and 2015 in Chile. The neoliberal context has influence in the social intervention. As neoliberalism deepens, there is more technology and better access to material resources, but at the same time, professional autonomy and community knowledge decrease. Research suggests there is a need for further critical discussion about how social work has been colonized by neoliberalism, even in seemingly neutral issues such as post-disaster intervention.