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Introduction: Patients with cancer have a higher risk of complications and death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19), thus vaccination is crucial in this population. Oncologic therapies can affect vaccination response, but few data are available about the immune response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with breast cancer receiving cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i). Our study aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of the mRNA-1273 vaccine in patients treated with CDK4/6i in comparison with a group of volunteer health workers. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center study including patients with breast cancer treated with CDK4/6i and a comparative group of health care workers (HCW). Blood samples were collected before and after first dose administration, and after second dose. The primary endpoint was to compare the rate and magnitude of humoral and T-cell responses after full vaccination. Neutralizing antibodies titers, the correlation between neutralizing and anti-S antibodies, the incidence of COVID-19 after vaccination, and safety were defined as secondary objectives. Results: No differences were observed in the rate of either anti-S or neutralizing antibodies after full vaccination, being 100% in both groups. A positive correlation was found between neutralizing and anti-S antibodies. However, the rate of anti-S CD4 and CD8 T-cell response after complete vaccination was a 15% lower in the CDK4/6i group, although differences were not statistically significant (CD4 T-cell response 69.2% vs 84.6%; p 0.324; anti-S T-cell CD8 response 69.2% vs 84.6%; p 0.324). No differences in the incidence of COVID-19 after vaccination were found (19.2% vs 11.5%, p 0.703). Patients with vaccine breakthrough showed lower levels of anti-S antibody after the first dose (492.29 vs 157.96; p 0.029) and lower titers of neutralizing antibodies after full vaccination (p 0.068). The rate of adverse events was higher in patients treated with CDK4/6i. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the two groups. Conclusion: While a robust humoral response was observed in the CDK4/6i group, a limited T cell response was found, without differences in the rate of subsequent COVID-19. Further insight into the underlying mechanisms is crucial to improve breast cancer patients’ protection and to adjust vaccination strategies in this specific population.

Few data are available about the immune response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with breast cancer receiving cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i). We conducted a prospective, single-center study of patients with breast cancer treated with CDK4/6i who received mRNA-1273 vaccination, as well as a comparative group of healthcare workers. The primary endpoint was to compare the rate and magnitude of humoral and T-cell response after full vaccination. A better neutralizing antibody and anti-S IgG level was observed after vaccination in the subgroup of women receiving CDK4/6i, but a trend toward a reduced CD4 and CD8 T-cell response in the CDK4/6i group was not statistically significant. There were no differences in the rate of COVID-19 after vaccination (19% vs. 12%), but breakthrough infections were observed in those with lower levels of anti-S IgG and neutralizing antibodies after the first dose. A lower rate of CD4 T-cell response was also found in those individuals with breakthrough infections, although a non-significant and similar level of CD8 T-cell response was also observed, regardless of breakthrough infections. The rate of adverse events was higher in patients treated with CDK4/6i, without serious adverse events. In conclusion, there was a robust humoral response, but a blunted T-cell response to mRNA vaccine in women receiving CDK4/6i, suggesting a reduced trend of the adaptative immune response.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic turned the world towards digitized learning. In the present day, the increased demand for online education produces an even greater request for quality courses and well-established processes for teaching relevant contents. Simultaneously, modern pedagogical trends promote the application of gamification as a tool for improving motivation, developing new skills and strengthening knowledge retention. In this context, Digital Escape Rooms have become an educational tool of great interest, in terms of new approaches to game-based learning. Objective: The general objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of a Digital Escape Room to facilitate the acquisition and the maintenance of students' knowledge applied in Biomedical Sciences. Methods: An educational game, the Genetics Escape Room, will be created with Genially. It will be based on 4 contents: genome, mutations, polymorphism and genetically transmitted diseases. The participants will consist of ca. 240 first year students enrolled in “Cellular Biology and Human genetics” in Dentistry Degree. They will be divided into an experimental group that will play Escape Room, and a control group that will visualize a virtual master class about the same 4 contents of the Escape Room. To evaluate students´ knowledge, all participants will complete a 20-question test (5 questions for each content) performed at three different time points. Firstly, two weeks before the experiment as pre-test, to assess students’ previous knowledge, secondly at the end of the gamification or the virtual class (post-test 1), and finally in two weeks’ time to evaluate knowledge retention when compared the two methods (post-test 2). To evaluate students’ opinion about the experience, a perception survey will be completed. Hypothesis: The following hypotheses are going to be considered: - We expect that the use of the escape room may well be equally as effective as a master class in increasing student knowledge and understanding. - A higher degree of retention of knowledge for lifelong learning is expected among students who play escape room. - We expect a higher motivation and an increase in the appreciation of Human Genetics subject among students who take part in the escape room. 2021/UEM22 No data 2021 UEV

Not all hospitals have interventional radiology services. This fact implies that in centers where this resource is not available, the treatment of stroke in the acute phase must be adapted and individualized. The aim of the study is to determine and compare the combined effect of thrombolysis and thrombectomy effectiveness and safety of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the acute treatment of ischemic stroke in patients who are candidates for endovascular therapy according to clinical practice guidelines. This paper details a retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with ischemic stroke admitted in three hospitals between 2018 and 2020. The main outcome variables were the degree of recanalization and the functional outcome at 3 months; safety variables were mortality and the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In total, 100 patients were included, 20 of which were treated with tenecteplase (TNK) and 80 with alteplase (rtPA). Of those treated with TNK, 75% obtained a successful recanalization compared to 83.8% in those treated with rtPA (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.18–1.88; p = 0.56). No differences were found in obtaining an excellent functional result at 3 months (35% TNK vs. 58.8% rtPA; p = 0.38). Tenecteplase showed worse neurological results after 24 h (unfavorable result of 70% with TNK vs. 45% with rtPA; OR = 5.4; 95% CI 1.57–18.6). No significant differences were identified in mortality; 17.5% with rtPA and 20% with TNK (p = 0.79), nor in the appearance of intracranial hemorrhage ICH (15.2% with rtPA vs. 30% with TNK (p = 0.12). In our series, there were not significant differences shown regarding effectiveness and safety between tenecteplase and alteplase.