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Background: Access to housing for people with intellectual disabilities is often constrained by lack of choice, control and can often be inappropriate or unsafe. To enable people to remain at home and participate in their occupations, a collation and review of theories and models supporting good home environment design offers a view from which practice could be advanced. Method: A scoping review was used to map the literature on theories and models on home environmental designing, which can have influence on the occupational performance and participation of people with intellectual disabilities. The theories and models found were analysed using the lens of the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance model. Results: Four themes supporting the understanding of environmental home design that can influence participation and well-being were found. These were offering safety and comfort; providing control and choice to manage stress; offering skill acquisition for continued learning and interest; and the person–environment interaction for function and participation. The themes are discussed in relation to participation in occupation and well-being for people with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: The study contributes knowledge to practitioners and stakeholders on theories and models of home environment design which could support the occupational performance, participation and well-being of people with intellectual disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This review evaluates the evidence on the strength of causal relationship between categories of risk factors (RFs) and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among professional drivers. Background: A compilation of evidence on the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers is lacking. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in major electronic data bases that include Medline (1946 + via OvidSP), Embase (1974 + OvidSP), CINAHL (1982+), AMED, and Web of Science. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed and scored. A descriptive analysis on the categories of RFs associated with WRMSDs was conducted. The Bradford–Hill causation criteria and evidence interpretation tool were used to evaluate the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs in professional drivers. Results: Among the 54 studies reviewed, a strong evidence suggests a causal relationship between RFs such as whole-body vibration, awkward postures, lifting tasks, manual material handling, job stress, job demand, and previous pain episodes with WRMSDs. Moderate evidence was observed on RFs such as uncomfortable seat and low job satisfaction. The evidence on causal relationship between RFs such as years of professional driving, driving duration, and individual characteristics such as age and body mass index was inconclusive. Conclusion: There is strong to moderate evidence on the causal relationship between the physical and psychosocial RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers. Application: Potential application of this review highlights evidence to occupational health practitioners, policy makers, and stakeholders on the strength of causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal threshold testing is important for evaluating the thermal function of small-fibre nerve types C and A-delta. This study investigated the reliability and validity of a novel nerve testing device (NNTD) in evaluating thermal detection and thermal pain thresholds. Test-retest reliability of the NNTD and its concurrent validity compared to the current technology (Medoc TSA-2, Advanced Thermosensory Stimulator, Israel) were investigated among 10 healthy participants. Each participant was tested for the warm detection threshold (WDT), cold detection threshold (CDT), hot pain threshold (HPT) and cold pain threshold (CPT) on the medial forearm with NNTD for two trials and the Medoc TSA-2 for one trial over two consecutive days. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient values, Standard Error of Measurement and Bland Altman plots were calculated for test-retest reliability. One-way ANOVA and Bland Altman plots were calculated for validity. The test-retest reliability of the NNTD was good for CPT (ICC = 0.88), moderate for WDT (ICC = 0.545) and HPT (ICC = 0.710). The NNTD was valid for both trials of HPT and CPT and one trial for WDT compared to the Medoc TSA-2. In conclusion, the NNTD showed good to moderate reliability and was found to be valid compared to the Medoc TSA-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous advancement of modern technology enables its users to engage in various interactions in the online public sphere, including conversations about multiple ideas and perspectives. It has now played a significant role in our modern society, paving the door for several participatory cultures and social movements, such as the so-called cancel culture. Even if this movement aims to call out individuals or businesses, it has undoubtedly encouraged mob mentality and damaged civil dialogue, ultimately driving them out of the community. Thus, this study looked at the diverse experiences of victims of cancel culture on social media in the Philippines and how it influenced their social and personal lives. This study reveals that the victims suffered a backlash, public humiliation, and cyberbullying that harmed their mental health. This study has established that cancel culture is an example of online abuse and has become more commonplace in the online public realm, rendering social media sites less of a haven. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusionThe coexistence of pain and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is acknowledged, yet the pain prevalence and associated factors of the common pain area in the COPD population are unknown.This study aims to examine the prevalence of pain in individuals with and without COPD and to explore the connections between common pain areas and related factors.Data was gathered through spirometry tests and surveys, including demographics, pain characteristics, Shoulder Pain and DisabilityIndex (SPADI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), COPD assessment test, and dyspnea score.Comparing pain characteristics between 85 individuals with COPD and 85 age- and gender-matched non-COPD subjects, results showed significantly higher pain prevalence (75.3% versus 42.4%, p < .001), pain severity (3.9 ± 3.1 versus 2.1 ± 2.8, p < .001), pain locations (2 [IQR 0.5, 4.0] versus 0 [IQR 0.0, 2.0], p < .001), NDI (1.9 ± 5.3 versus 0.3 ± 1.7, p < .001), and SPADI (10.1 ± 17.4 versus 4.4 ± 10.6, p < .001) in individuals with COPD. The shoulder is the most common area of pain, followed by the thoracic region and the lower extremities. Notably, individuals with COPD with shoulder pain were more likely to have multiple pain locations (OR = 1.53 [95% CI 1.17, 2.01], p = .002), a high SPADI score (OR = 1.10 [95% CI 1.03, 1.16], p = .003), and a reduced % predicted of forced expiratory volume in the first second (%predicted FEV1) (OR = 0.96[95% CI 0.92, 0.99], p = .018).Individuals with COPD exhibit higher pain prevalence than those without, especially in the shoulder area. Multiple pain locations, SPADI score, and % predicted FEV1may predict shoulder pain in individuals with COPD. The findings suggest further research on shoulder pain causes to develop better treatments for individuals with COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]