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PurposeThis study aims to determine how different event quality dimensions (i.e. information availability, program content, food, staff service, merchandises, ticketing, facility and convenience) individually affect the satisfaction of millennial festival participants, and how their satisfaction subsequently influence their behavioral intention.Design/methodology/approachThe research hypotheses were tested with a sample of 272 millennial participants attending the Borneo Jazz Festival held in Miri, Sarawak.FindingsThe results indicated that program content and facility are crucial predictors of millennial participants' level of satisfaction with the event. Furthermore, the level of satisfaction would, in turn, affect their intention to revisit the event and spread positive word-of-mouth.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are expected to assist festival planners in managing and designing festivals that can appeal to millennials who make up a significant percentage of tourism market.Originality/valueThe study adds to the knowledge of how music festival environment can yield loyalty amongst millennial festival participants in Sarawak, an Eastern state of Malaysia on the island of Borneo.

PurposeThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has increased food delivery service demand, which generates massive amounts of solid waste, specifically plastic material. Therefore, this study aims to examine the determinants of consumers' intention to reuse food delivery containers (ITR) using the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB). Moral obligation was included as an antecedent, while behavioral expectation (BE) ahead of behavioral intention was an immediate predictor of consumers' pro-environmental behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested on 348 food delivery service users in Malaysia and analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe findings indicated that consumers' ITR is directly influenced by perceived behavioral control and attitude. Perceived behavioral control and attitude had a positive partial indirect effect on ITR through BE. Meanwhile, subjective norms and moral obligation had a positive full indirect effect on ITR through BE.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings can be directly applied to practical situations of food delivery companies and environmental protection organizations managing solid waste among food delivery services.Practical implicationsUnderstanding consumers' ITR could promote practical environmental sustainability. Practically, the study provides insights to the food delivery service industry, policymakers and relevant stakeholders to encourage consumer behavior change by reusing food delivery containers in line with Sustainable Development Goal 12.Originality/valueThe study enhances the existing literature by extending TPB with two psychological variables: moral obligation (independent variable) and BE (mediating variable). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first attempt to empirically investigate BE in consumers' pro-environmental behavioral intention in a high-context culture and developing economy. This study could benefit food and beverage merchants, food delivery companies, governments, non-governmental organizations and pro-environmental behavior researchers in this industry.

Despite convention tourism is becoming an important segment of the tourism industry in many countries, the specific benefits that convention attendees see valuable when attending conventions are inconclusive. Based on the consumption values theory, this study considers the impacts of two types of value: perceived value and value of cocreation on convention attendees' attitude formation. Derived from a sample of 434 convention attendees and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis, results indicate that value of cocreation, together with another two dimensions of perceived value, emotional value, and functional value, have significant influences on convention attendees' attitude towards the convention attended. Particularly, it was found that perceived value by itself had limited effects in contributing the positive attitude towards conventions in the contemporary business world as consumers today increasingly prefer cocreation of value and collaboration with service providers. The study contributes to the convention tourism literature by being the first to incorporate both perceived value and value of cocreation within the same model and testing related hypotheses. The results may facilitate decision making and strategic development of tourism-related investments among convention organizers, destination marketing organizations, and government agencies, which can eventually strengthen a country's competitive edge in attracting convention attendees.