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The 6th coal seam floor of Tangjiahui Coal Mine is seriously threatened by Ordovician karst water. It is the mine with the deepest mining depth and the highest water pressure in Zhungeer Coal Field. In order to eliminate the threat of water damage from Ordovician floor, the ground area treatment test project was carried out on the 61207 working face of Tangjiahui Mine. The test results show that there are many leakage and return phenomena during the directional drilling process, the grout is large in the grouting project, the efficiency of drilling and grouting is low, and the 61207 working face adopts the ground area treatment method to prevent and control the floor Ordovician water damage. The construction period is long, and it is difficult to meet the needs of continuous cost control of the face production. Through comprehensive comparative analysis, it is advisable to adopt the technical route of water prevention and control, which is the combination of “bottom exploration and reinforcement by directional drilling inside working face” and “treatment of fault zone by directional drilling outside working face”.

Pomegranate juice is prone to color fission during processing and storage due to the instability of anthocyanins, resulting in significant economic losses. This study aims to inhibit the browning of pomegranate juice during processing using the combined technology of vacuum and ultrasound for maintaining its color as much as possible. Pomegranate juice was treated with vacuum (0.5 MPa) and ultrasound (300, 600, 900, 1200, and 1500 W; 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 min), respectively, to investigate the effects on the color, antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin/polyphenol content, and polyphenol oxidase activity of pomegranate juice. The results showed that the combined treatment of vacuum and ultrasound had a better effect on improving the total anthocyanin content of pomegranate juice than vacuum or ultrasound treatment alone. Vacuum combined with ultrasound can reduce the browning during pomegranate juice processing, increasing browning inhibition rates by 46.01% and 46.19%; reduce the activity of PPO enzyme and increase the inhibition rate of PPO enzyme activity by 35.58%; maintain a high total phenolic content, increasing the total phenolic content of pomegranate juice by 29.27% and 33.79%, respectively; and improve the ABTS scavenging rates by 2.89% and 1.92%, and increase DPPH scavenging rates by 1.35% and 3.01%. Moreover, vacuum ultrasound treatment had no significant effect on the odor of pomegranate juice. Vacuum combined with ultrasonic treatment is beneficial for protecting the color of pomegranate juice and improving its antioxidant performance during the processing. Therefore, combined technology of vacuum and ultrasound would be a promising method for future food processing. Practical applications: This study provides a simple and novel method for protecting the color of pomegranate juice during processing. The combination of vacuum and ultrasound has a certain protective effect on the color of pomegranate juice during processing, and also provides new ideas for color protection research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

East China is a highly aggregated coal–grain composite area where coal mining and agricultural production activities are both flourishing. At present, the geochemical characteristics of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in groundwater in coal mining areas are still unclear. This study combined hydrochemical and carbon isotope methods to explore the sources and factors influencing DIC in the groundwater of different active areas in coal mining areas. Moreover, the 13C isotope method was used to calculate the contribution rates of various sources to DIC in groundwater. The results showed that the hydrochemical types of groundwater were HCO3-Ca·Na and HCO3-Na. The main water‒rock interactions were silicate and carbonate rock weathering. Agricultural areas were mainly affected by the participation of HNO3 produced by chemical fertilizer in the weathering of carbonate rocks. Soil CO2 and carbonate rock weathering were the major sources of DIC in the groundwater. Groundwater in residential areas was primarily affected by CO2 from the degradation of organic matter from anthropogenic inputs. Sulfate produced by gypsum dissolution, coal gangue accumulation leaching and mine drainage participated in carbonate weathering under acidic conditions, which was an important factor controlling the DIC and isotopic composition of groundwater in coal production areas. The contribution rates of groundwater carbonate weathering to groundwater DIC in agricultural areas and coal production areas ranged from 57.46 to 66.18% and from 54.29 to 62.16%, respectively. In residential areas, the contribution rates of soil CO2 to groundwater DIC ranged from 51.48 to 61.84%. The results will help clarify the sources and circulation of DIC in groundwater under the influence of anthropogenic activities and provide a theoretical reference for water resource management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the mechanism underlying WIF1 promoter methylation and its relationship with the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma. WIF1 promoter methylation was detected using methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). WIF1 expression was examined through qRT‐PCR and western blotting. Furthermore, 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐Aza) was used to demethylate the WIF1 promoter. The roles of WIF1 were investigated using in vitro loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays. Xenograft models were used to analyze WIF1 expression and downstream genes, and results were confirmed using immunofluorescence and western blotting. WIF1 promoter methylation in endometrial cancer cells was significantly higher than that in normal cells, but the WIF1 mRNA and protein levels were reduced. The expression of WIF1 increased significantly after 5‐Aza treatment (p <.05). Thus, 5‐Aza treatment can inhibit the proliferation of endometrial cancer cells and induce apoptosis, while knockdown of WIF1 significantly inhibits the effects of 5‐Aza. 5‐Aza treatment can also inhibit Wnt pathway genes, including phosphorylation of β‐catenin protein, c‐Myc, and CyclinD1, inhibit downstream functional genes, and activate the tumor suppressor gene APC, which can be blocked by WIF1 knockdown in endometrial carcinoma cells. Finally, 5‐Aza inhibited the proliferation of subcutaneous tumor‐bearing nude mice with endometrial cancer cells, but the effect was weaker than that of WIF1 overexpression. Our research shows that WIF1 promoter hypermethylation may promote the progression of endometrial cancer by downregulating WIF1 expression, activating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, and promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. WIF1 may be a potential biological target for gene therapy and drug development for the treatment of endometrial cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A ZnCl2-modified biochar-supported nanoscale iron sulfide composite (FeS-ZnBC) was successfully prepared to address the easy oxidization of FeS and enhance Cr(VI) removal from water. The material was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS. The effects of FeS:ZnBC mass ratio, FeS-ZnBC dosage, solution pH, initial Cr(VI) concentration, and reaction time on the adsorption performance were investigated. The results revealed that the optimum adsorption capacity of FeS-ZnBC (FeS:ZnBC = 1:2) for Cr(VI) was 264.03 mg/g at 298 K (pH = 2). A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize the input variables that affected the adsorption of Cr(VI) solution. The results revealed that the highest removal (99.52%) of Cr(VI) solution was achieved with a Cr(VI) initial concentration of 150.59 mg/L, FeS-ZnBC adsorbent dosage of 2 g/L, and solution pH of 2. The sorption kinetics could be interpreted using a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherms were simulated using the Redlich-Peterson isotherm model, indicating that Cr(VI) removal by the FeS-ZnBC composites was a hybrid chemical reaction-sorption process. The main mechanisms of Cr(VI) removal by FeS-ZnBC were adsorption, chemical reduction, and complexation. This study demonstrated that FeS-ZnBC has potential application prospects in Cr(VI) removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]