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A circularly polarized compact two-port MIMO antenna is presented along with asymmetrical CPW feed and a novel decoupling structure. The asymmetric CPW feed of the antenna is improving the impedance matching significantly and shifting the operating band towards the lower frequency. The novel inverted Z-shaped decoupling is used to enhance the isolation which mitigates the surface wave effectively between two antennas. The triangular-shaped inductive stubs are unified in the inverted Z-shaped decoupling structure which is used to perturb the surface wave movement and to influence the circular polarization (CP) behaviour in the two-port antenna. MIMO antenna obtains the 10 dB impedance bandwidth (IBW) from 6.38 GHz to 6.84 GHz along with minimum port isolation of 30 dB. The 3-dB axial ratio (AR) is obtained from 6.59 to 6.84 GHz frequency which is 52.1% of the total 10 dB IBW of the antenna. The proposed work can be prominent for super-extended C-band of satellite communication and Wi-Fi 6E U-NII6 and U-NII7 communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Leg muscle microvascular blood flow (perfusion) is impaired in response to maximal exercise in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD); however, during submaximal exercise, microvascular perfusion is maintained due to a greater increase in microvascular blood volume compared with that seen in healthy adults. It is unclear whether this submaximal exercise response reflects a microvascular impairment, or whether it is a compensatory response for the limited conduit artery flow in PAD. Therefore, to clarify the role of conduit artery blood flow, we compared whole-limb blood flow and skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion responses with exercise in patients with PAD (n=9; 60±7 years) prior to, and following, lower-limb endovascular revascularization. Materials and Methods: Microvascular perfusion (microvascular volume × flow velocity) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle was measured before and immediately after a 5 minute bout of submaximal intermittent isometric plantar-flexion exercise using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. Exercise contraction-by-contraction whole-leg blood flow and vascular conductance were measured using strain-gauge plethysmography. Results: With revascularization there was a significant increase in whole-leg blood flow and conductance during exercise (p<0.05). Exercise-induced muscle microvascular perfusion response did not change with revascularization (pre-revascularization: 3.19±2.32; post-revascularization: 3.89±1.67 aU.s−1; p=0.38). However, the parameters that determine microvascular perfusion changed, with a reduction in the microvascular volume response to exercise (pre-revascularization: 6.76±3.56; post-revascularization: 2.42±0.69 aU; p<0.01) and an increase in microvascular flow velocity (pre-revascularization: 0.25±0.13; post-revascularization: 0.59±0.25 s−1; p=0.02). Conclusion: These findings suggest that patients with PAD compensate for the conduit artery blood flow impairment with an increase in microvascular blood volume to maintain muscle perfusion during submaximal exercise. Clinical Impact: The findings from this study support the notion that the impairment in conduit artery blood flow in patients with PAD leads to compensatory changes in microvascular blood volume and flow velocity to maintain muscle microvascular perfusion during submaximal leg exercise. Moreover, this study demonstrates that these microvascular changes are reversed and become normalized with successful lower-limb endovascular revascularization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the notion of region as they figure in certain literary texts of the medieval and early modern north India across diverse linguistic archives. The idea is to look at and beyond how these compositions understood and represented the region. What were the constituent factors of the region, and how do they manifest themselves? As an imagined, lived, constituted and contested idea, what are the varying set of traits associated with regions? Is it possible to make a repertoire of such traits outside of contemporary and temporally-spatially specific discourses available within particular literary cultures? No less important is the question of how modern historians might fruitfully relate to, and deploy, the fraught category while researching any aspect of pre-modern past, and not just while dealing with local/regional/vernacular. The paper argues that the question of what constitutes region and what constitutes a grander totality, of which a region is but a part, is a matter of contesting claims to power that are settled as much in the domain of cultural representations and resources as in actual political might. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the evolving relationship between India and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), focusing on their strategic partnership and efforts to enhance cooperation in various sectors. Topics include economic ties, defense cooperation, and initiatives to strengthen cultural and educational exchanges, highlighting India's proactive engagement and future prospects for collaboration with ASEAN nations.