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Purpose Although Facebook addiction has been found to be a key motive for using Facebook, scant research has explored the association of Facebook addiction with social capital. While researchers addressed how Facebook use strengthened social capital, they did not address the resultant excessive and uncontrollable Facebook use, which is a key sign of Facebook addiction. Therefore, the authors develop this project to study this research gap.Design/methodology/approach This research explores the motive of Facebook addiction by using a questionnaire to examine the relationships between Facebook addiction and two types of social capital: cognitive and bonding social capital. The authors recruited Hong Kong youth through Facebook and peer groups to complete a set of questionnaires on Facebook addiction, cognitive social capital, bonding social capital and the degree of extraversion. Hierarchical regression is used for analyzing the data collected.Findings Hierarchical regression results indicated that the more addicted one was to Facebook, the lower the cognitive social capital one perceived. Such a negative relationship was particularly significant for female participants. A similar but marginally significant effect is also found for bonding social capital.Originality/value This research sheds light on the impact of Facebook addiction on how one perceives shared meanings and the sense of belongingness with other people on social networks.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-06-2021-0300.

Accurately capturing cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations is key to understanding the aerosol–cloud interactions that continue to feature the highest uncertainty amongst numerous climate forcings. In situ CCN observations are sparse, and most non-polarimetric passive remote sensing techniques are limited to providing column-effective CCN proxies such as total aerosol optical depth (AOD). Lidar measurements, on the other hand, resolve profiles of aerosol extinction and/or backscatter coefficients that are better suited for constraining vertically resolved aerosol optical and microphysical properties. Here we present relationships between aerosol backscatter and extinction coefficients measured by the airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar 2 (HSRL-2) and in situ measurements of CCN concentrations. The data were obtained during three deployments in the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) project, which took place over the southeast Atlantic (SEA) during September 2016, August 2017, and September–October 2018. Our analysis of spatiotemporally collocated in situ CCN concentrations and HSRL-2 measurements indicates strong linear relationships between both data sets. The correlation is strongest for supersaturations (S) greater than 0.25 % and dry ambient conditions above the stratocumulus deck, where relative humidity (RH) is less than 50 %. We find CCN–HSRL-2 Pearson correlation coefficients between 0.95–0.97 for different parts of the seasonal burning cycle that suggest fundamental similarities in biomass burning aerosol (BBA) microphysical properties. We find that ORACLES campaign-average values of in situ CCN and in situ extinction coefficients are qualitatively similar to those from other regions and aerosol types, demonstrating overall representativeness of our data set. We compute CCN–backscatter and CCN–extinction regressions that can be used to resolve vertical CCN concentrations across entire above-cloud lidar curtains. These lidar-derived CCN concentrations can be used to evaluate model performance, which we illustrate using an example CCN concentration curtain from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with physics packages from the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (WRF-CAM5). These results demonstrate the utility of deriving vertically resolved CCN concentrations from lidar observations to expand the spatiotemporal coverage of limited or unavailable in situ observations.

PurposeThis paper investigates school library services in the digital age for students with dyslexia and explores the impact of current library services on students’ learning.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was designed according to the LAFE (Look and listen, Assistance and accessibility, Format and fit, and Environment) framework for learners with dyslexia and the 5E instructional model and conducted with 11 school librarians.FindingsResults indicated that participants lacked knowledge of dyslexia for appropriate library services. Awareness, IT skills, school administration, funding and parental attitudes would influence the library’s tailored services to dyslexic children, despite the rich resources in these participants’ libraries, including paperbacks, digital resources and electronic devices. Adaptations are necessary to provide accessible services, especially by applying digital technologies, and school libraries can positively impact students’ reading interests, promote knowledge inquiry and strengthen information literacy skills.Originality/valueWhile students with dyslexia spend significant time in schools, limited studies focus on school library services in the digital age, especially in Asia. This study fills the gap by systematically exploring the issue with the 5E instructional model.

Background Neutropenic oncology patients often have mucosal barrier injury as a consequence of chemotherapy and are at risk of Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) bacteremia. VGS is a commonly identified pathogen among oncology patients with neutropenic fever, however, limited data exists as to appropriate treatment duration. Methods The purpose of this study is to characterize the treatment duration and clinical course among neutropenic oncology patients with VGS bacteremia. A retrospective chart review of patients with VGS bacteremia from June 1, 2020 through January 31, 2022 at the University of Washington Medical Center (UWMC) and Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA). Eligible patients include adults ≥ 18 years with any cancer diagnosis, absolute neutrophil count ≤ 500 at time of blood culture collection, ≥ 1 positive blood culture for VGS, and treated with antibiotics for ≥ 48 hours. Polymicrobial infections were excluded. Results Among 86 patients identified with VGS bacteremia, 57 patients were included. Baseline characteristics are depicted in TABLE 1. Hematologic malignancy was present in a majority of patients. The mean duration of treatment was 12.4 (± 2.9) days. Mean time to defervescence was 3.7 days. The most common empiric regimen was cefepime + vancomycin (64.9%) with 78.9% of patients receiving ceftriaxone as definitive therapy. All VGS isolates were susceptible to at least one drug in their empiric regimen. Clinical outcomes are depicted in TABLE 2. There was 1 recurrence of VGS bacteremia and three deaths in the cohort. In TABLE 3, results are stratified by treatment duration. Conclusion There was significant heterogeneity in the duration of treatment of VGS bacteremia among neutropenic cancer patients utilizing levofloxacin prophylaxis, with > 50% treated in excess of 14 days. Fever persisted for several days despite active antimicrobials consistent with prior reports. The low rate of recurrence and death at any treatment duration suggests that a shorter duration of less than 14 days for VGS bacteremia may be feasible. A prospective evaluation is needed to confirm these findings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.

Despite recent calls to action and a heavy emphasis on timeliness of care in guidelines for common inborn errors of metabolism, there is a dearth of specific measurable quality metrics for these conditions and little to no electronic decision support for their management. We have developed a novel set of process-oriented metrics based on the aforementioned guidelines that can be calculated from data already contained in most major EHRs, which we believe are responsive to the needs of the metabolism community.

Plants demonstrate some of the greatest variation in genome size among eukaryotes, and their genome sizes can vary dramatically across individuals and populations within species. This genetic variation can have consequences for traits and fitness, but few studies have been able to attribute genome size differentiation to ecological and evolutionary processes. Biological invasions present particularly useful natural laboratories to infer selective agents that might drive genome size shifts across environments and population histories. Here, we test hypotheses for the evolutionary causes of genome size variation across 14 invading populations of yellow starthistle, Centaurea solstitialis, in California, USA. We use a survey of genome sizes and trait variation to ask: (1) Is variation in genome size associated with developmental trait variation? (2) Are genome sizes smaller toward the leading edge of the expansion, consistent with selection for ‘colonizer’ traits? Or alternatively, does genome size increase toward the leading edge of the expansion, consistent with predicted consequences of founder effects and drift? (3) Finally, are genome sizes smaller at higher elevations, consistent with selection for shorter development times? We found that 2C DNA content varied 1.21-fold among all samples, and was associated with flowering time variation, such that plants with larger genomes reproduced later, with lower lifetime capitula production. Genome sizes increased toward the leading edge of the invasion, but tended to decrease at higher elevations, consistent with genetic drift during range expansion but potentially strong selection for smaller genomes and faster development time at higher elevations.