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Background: To assess the influence of biometric measurements on the defocus curve after the implantation of enlarged depth-of-focus (EDoF) intraocular lens (IOL)., Methods: Patients who underwent cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of Tecnis Symfony IOL were enrolled. Preoperatively, axial length (AL), corneal keratometry (K), pupil size and corneal aberrations were measured. 1 month after surgery, distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities (VA) were recorded. At 3 months, monocular and binocular corrected contrast sensitivities under photopic and mesopic lighting conditions were measured with CSV-1000E test. At 6-months, the defocus curve between -5.00 to + 3.00 diopters (D) was assessed in steps of 0.50 D, and NEI-RQL-42 questionnaire was administered., Results: One hundred thirty one eyes of 66 patients were included. Binocular logMAR VA better than 0.1 for intermediate vision was obtained in 90% of patients, whereas only 17.7% obtained that result in near vision. The rate of satisfaction was high (96%) and most of them (85.5%) had no or little difficulties in near vision. The mean amplitude of the defocus curve was 2.35D ± 0.73D, and smaller AL, smaller pupils, younger age, and male sex were associated with wider range of clear vision., Conclusions: Tecnis Symfony IOL enables functional vision at all distances, but demographic variables and preoperative biometric measurements like AL and pupil size influence the postoperative amplitude of the defocus curve. These parameters could be used to predict the performance of EDoF IOLs., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Purpose: To compare internal optical aberrations between three different intraocular lenses (IOL) of the same Tecnis platform: monofocal ZCB00, multifocal ZMB00, and enlarged depth-of-focus (EDoF) Symfony ZXR00., Methods: We included in this study 236 eyes of 118 patients who had been bilaterally implanted either with the monofocal, the multifocal, or the EDoF IOL. They were examined with the K1-RW wavefront analyzer (Topcon Medical Systems) 2 months after surgery. Patients with any ocular pathology were excluded from the study. Only high-order aberrations (HOA) of the third and fourth orders of the Zernike polynomials were considered., Results: Forty-three patients (86 eyes) were implanted with the monofocal IOL, 45 patients (90 eyes) with the ZMB00 IOL, and 30 patients (60 eyes) with the EDoF Symfony IOL. Mean age was 62.42 ± 7.38, 63.60 ± 6.01, and 64.74 ± 5.84 years, respectively. Mean axial length was 23.37 ± 1.00, 23.49 ± 1.00, and 23.54 ± 0.73 mm, respectively. For a 6-mm pupil, internal total HOA in the monofocal group was 1.01 ± 1.75 μm; in the bifocal group was 1.35 ± 2.12 μm; and in the Symfony group was 0.72 ± 0.63 μm. No optical aberration differences were found among the three groups ( P > 0.05)., Conclusion: There are no differences regarding internal optical aberrations between these three IOLs when analyzing them with optical aberrometry. Patients' pupil size should be considered for the selection of the most appropriate IOL to be implanted, because despite a same optical platform, every IOL implies a different increase of HOA with larger pupil sizes., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2022 Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology.)

Background: To quantify development of gaze stability throughout life during short and long fixational tasks using eye tracking technology., Methods: Two hundred and fifty-nine participants aged between 5 months and 77 years were recruited along the study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmological assessment. Fixational behavior during long and short fixational tasks was analyzed using a DIVE (Device for an Integral Visual Examination), a digital test assisted with eye tracking technology. The participants were divided into ten groups according to their age. Group 1, 0-2 years; group 2, 2-5 years; group 3, 5-10 years; group 4, 10-20 years; group 5, 20-30 years; group 6, 30-40 years; group 7, 40-50 years; group 8, 50-60 years; group 9, 60-70 years; and group 10, over 70 years., Results: Gaze stability, assessed by logBCEA (log-transformed bivariate contour ellipse area), improved with age from 5 months to 30 years (1.27 vs. 0.57 deg 2 for long fixational task, 0.73 vs. -0.04 deg 2 for short fixational task), while fixations tend to be longer (1.95 vs. 2.80 msec for long fixational tasks and 0.80 vs. 1.71 msec for short fixational tasks). All fixational outcomes worsened progressively from the fifth decade of life. Log-transformed bivariate contour ellipse area (0.79, 0.83, 0.91, 1.42 deg 2 for long fixational task and 0.01, 0.18, 0.28, 0.44 deg 2 for short fixational task, for group 7, 8, 9, and 10 respectively). Stimuli features may influence oculomotor performance, with smaller stimuli providing prolonged fixations., Conclusions: Fixational behavior can be accurately assessed from 5 months of age using a DIVE. We report normative data of gaze stability and duration of fixations for every age group. Currently available technology may increase the accuracy of our visual assessments at any age.