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UNSTRUCTURED Human digital twins replicate humans in virtual worlds with real-time sensing and machine learning, enabling various services such as visualization, simulation, and prediction. The concept of human digital twins has recently been applied in diverse domains such as manufacturing and healthcare. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews and discussions on the key components of human digital twins and their applications in mental healthcare contexts. This article first offers a scoping review of the purposes of human digital twins and their models and thereafter charts how human digital twins with sensing, mapping, and acting capabilities can serve as an enabling technology for a data-driven, patient-centric, systems approach to pervasive mental healthcare. This article used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for selecting 24 papers from the last 10 years in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.

As online news increasingly include data journalism, there is a corresponding increase in the incorporation of visualization in article thumbnail images. However, little research exists on the design rationale for visualization thumbnails, such as resizing, cropping, simplifying, and embellishing charts that appear within the body of the associated article. Therefore, in this paper we aim to understand these design choices and determine what makes a visualization thumbnail inviting and interpretable. To this end, we first survey visualization thumbnails collected online and discuss visualization thumbnail practices with data journalists and news graphics designers. Based on the survey and discussion results, we then define a design space for visualization thumbnails and conduct a user study with four types of visualization thumbnails derived from the design space. The study results indicate that different chart components play different roles in attracting reader attention and enhancing reader understandability of the visualization thumbnails. We also find various thumbnail design strategies for effectively combining the charts' components, such as a data summary with highlights and data labels, and a visual legend with text labels and Human Recognizable Objects (HROs), into thumbnails. Ultimately, we distill our findings into design implications that allow effective visualization thumbnail designs for data-rich news articles. Our work can thus be seen as a first step toward providing structured guidance on how to design compelling thumbnails for data stories., Comment: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 16 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1908.06922

This study examined (a) what message variations characterize news articles that fact-check (mis)information (N = 914) and (b) how those message features shape audience engagement with the articles. The study content-analyzed fact-checking coverage from major news outlets in South Korea using both manual and computerized coding, focusing on three categories of message characteristics: source transparency, contextual information, and vividness. The content-analysis data were examined in relation to behavioral data of audience engagement (“like” and “angry” reactions, shares, and comments) on Naver News, the most popular news portal in South Korea. Using statistics and official reports as evidence and specifying when the claim at hand was made facilitated audience engagement behaviors. News articles triggered more audience comments when they (a) mentioned the importance of fact-checking the claim under scrutiny, and (b) conveyed negative content. Findings are discussed in light of the empirical and practical implications of the current efforts to fight “fake news” by news media.