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The use of beverage containers, most of which are made of polyethylene terephthalate bottles, results in several problems with regard to sustainability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and contrast the impact on the mechanical characteristics of concrete caused by the incorporation of polyethylene terephthalate bottle fibres in varying amounts. These fibres were generated by cutting bottles into precise dimensions (width of 5 mm and length of 25 mm), and they were used in various concentrations such as 0,25 %; 0,5 % and 1,0 % by volume of concrete with different amounts of recycled aggregate. To verify the reliability of the outcomes of the experiment, a statistical analysis was performed. According to the results, the concrete that contained 0 % recycled coarse aggregate and varying amounts of plastic fibres had a greater degree of workability compared with concrete that had either 50 % or 100 % recycled coarse aggregate. The comprehensive test findings demonstrated that the addition of polyethylene terephthalate fibres decreased compressive and split tensile strength. The study concluded that certain parameters, such as plastic fibres, curing days, and recycled aggregate, interacted together in a synergistic manner to impact the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of the concrete, with proposed equations for their prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effect of establishment method and planting date on phenology, yield, and agrometeorological indices for sweet corn, a field experiment was carried out at the Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Wadura, Sopore, over the course of two sessions in kharif 2020 and 2021. The experiment had two components: a distinct sowing date with a 20-day interval and two establishment methods (direct seeding and transplanting). The initial planting day was (25th of April, 2nd was 15th of May and third was 5th of June during both the years) Three replications in RCBD were confirmed. Following transplanting with the first date of sowing, direct seeding required the most days to attain different phenological stages and accumulate the most heat units. Transplanting with the initial date of sowing resulted in noticeably greater HUE, HTUE, PTUE, and HyTUE, resulting in the largest green cob and biological yield as compared to other dates of sowing and direct seeding. As a result, given the weather in Kashmir it was discovered that planting on the first day of sowing increased sweet corn yields economically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To compare the outcome of botulinum toxin injection with and without glyceryl trinitrate with respect to postoperative pain and healing in the treatment of anal fissures., Methods: The prospective, comparative study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from September 1, 2021, to August 31, 2022, and comprised adult chronic anal fissure patients of either gender. They were randomised using the lottery method into group A which received botulinum toxin injection, and group B which received botulinum toxin injection plus 1g of 0.2% topical glyceryl trinitrate cream. Post-operative pain was measured 24 hours after the procedure using the visual analogue scale. Healing was assessed by examining the wound for the appearance of granulation tissue 4 weeks post-procedure. Data was analysed using SPSS 26., Results: Of the 88 patients, 44(50%) were in group A; 32(72.7%) males and 12(27.3%) females with mean age 33.91±14.8 years. There were 44(50%) patients in group B; 35(79.5%) males and 9(20.5%) females with mean age range 36.33±14.9 years. The mean postoperative pain at 24 hours in group A was 4.67±1.16 and it was 3.06±0.65 in group B (p=0.009). In group A, 23(69.7%) patients showed complete healing at 4 weeks compared to 30(90.9%) in group B (p=0.030)., Conclusions: Botulinum toxin injection with glyceryl trinitrate could be considered as first line of treatment for chronic anal fissure in patients who refuse surgery and with previous sphincter surgery.